And explains why in ancient texts

"And" in classical Chinese means a progressive relationship, which can be translated as:"and"or"Moreover" 。The progressive sentence of "and" in classical Chinese is as follows:

1. The gentleman is erudite and self-conscious.

Source: Xianqin Xunzi's "Persuasion".

Vernacular translation: If a gentleman learns extensively and examines himself daily, then he will be wise and reasonable, and his actions will be innocent.

2. With the power of the king, he has not been able to damage the hill of the father, such as Taihang and Wangwu? And the earth and stones? ”

Source: "The Fool Moves the Mountain".

Translation: With your strength, you can't reduce the Kui Father's me, such as Taihang, Wang Wu why? And he's in the dirt and rock? ”

3. If people are not upright, why worry about making their names unremarkable?

Source: "The World Speaks New Words".

Translation: Are people worried about not having a will, and about a reputation that is not obvious?

4, Yu was sad, and said: "If it is poisonous? What if the rest will be sued to those who are in charge, and if they are served, and if they are reinstated, what will happen? ”

Source: "The Snake Catcher Says".

Translation: I sympathized with him and said, "If it's poisonous?" I'm going to report to the magistrate, replace your errand, and restore your taxes, so what? ”

5. With the depth of its thinking, it is ubiquitous.

Source: Song Dynasty Wang Anshi "You Bao Chan Mountain".

Vernacular translation: because they are **, deep in thought and wide-ranging.

In ancient texts, "while" has the following meanings:

1. As a noun.

1.(Hieroglyphs.) Small seal shape, like a beard shape.

The "one" above indicates the end of the nose, "|Indicates the philtrum; The lower layer is divided into two layers, the outer layer resembles the beard of the cheeks, and the inner layer resembles the liquid dan beard born under the mouth. "And" is one of the radicals of Chinese characters. Original meaning:

cheek hair) in the same sense.

And, cheek hair, too. - Sayings

2.Conjunctions that have been used since ancient times can connect words, phrases, and clauses to indicate a variety of relationships.

3.Indicates a juxtaposition.

The wild of Yongzhou produces different snakes, black and white. - Don S. "The Snake Catcher Says".

4.Represents a progressive relationship.

The gentleman is erudite and self-conscious. ——Xunzi Persuasion".

5.Indicates the inheritance relationship.

Yu Fang's heart was moved to return, and the loud voice was on the water. - Song S. Su Shi's "The Story of Shizhong Mountain".

6.Indicates a transition relationship.

Green is taken from blue, and green is blue. ——Xunzi Persuasion".

7.Represents a hypothetical relationship.

Princes and (if) they will; Zhan Yu Ma Shou Ke also. ——Qing · Xu Ke, "Qing Barnyard Banknotes, War Class".

8.Indicates a modified relationship, connecting adverbials.

I rose up. - Don S. "The Snake Catcher Says".

Second, as a pronoun.

1.You; Yours.

Do you not know what to do? - Poetry, Daya, Sanglu".

Yu knows and is not guilty. - Twenty Years of Zhao Gong

The son returned, and the death of his parents was born. - Chinese Wu Language".

It's all about wine and meat, it's in the nose and mouth, and how can you be blind enough to know where it comes from? - Zhuangzi Xu Wu Ghost".

And Weng Gui, since and you recalculate the ear. ——Talking about Zhai Zhiwei and Promoting Weaving".

Another example: And Weng (your father).

2.In this way, this.

is also persecuted, and so are the kings and concubines. ——Yutai New Songs: Ancient Poems for Jiao Zhongqing's Wife".

Another example: and the husband (this person; This person).

3. As a particle.

1.It indicates a partial relationship, which is equivalent to "of", "of".

Yu Zhi and Yu are in danger of each other. - Huainanzi - The World".

2.It is used in conjunction with "up", "down", "before", "after", "come" and "to", which is equivalent to "to".

The metaphysical is the way, and the metaphysical is the instrument. - Yi Zhi Zhi Shang

3.Used in sentences, it means rhetorical question, which is equivalent to "can't" and "how".

For the sake of benevolence, but by others? - The Analects of Yan Yuan

4.Used at the end of a sentence, it is equivalent to "ear", "which".

That's it, and now the politicians are gone. - Tong buried in the air, "The Analects of Weizi".

Fourth, as a verb.

1.Such as, likely.

More than 1,000 people drowned, and the army was frightened and ruined. - Lü's Spring and Autumn

For example, in ancient texts, "while" is used in two ways: forward and backward. The meaning of the sentence is to follow the meaning of the sentence, that is, the previous action and the latter action have a logical or de facto relationship with the burning shed. Reverse connection, on the other hand, is the opposite of the latter action to the previous action or a logical relative.

Shun connection, and divided into 1 tied, Hu 2 undertaking, 3 into three situations.

1. Juxtaposition, that is, the two things are equally important, similar to a kind of listing;

2. Undertaking, emphasizing the sequence of the occurrence of the two things, and emphasizing the process of the occurrence of events;

3. Progressively, the latter is emphasized, the former is either for foreshadowing, or for contrast, the purpose is to illustrate the latter.

Translation depends on the context. It can generally be translated as "and, and", "then, then", "more, especially".

Reverse connection, the surface of the skin to do the folding, can be translated as but, on. If you give it up, it is a logical turn, which translates as "carve it and give up".

And "in ancient texts" the meaning is as follows:

1. Used as a noun, meaning: cheek hair; Whiskers.

Source: Zhou Zhou Gongdan's "Zhou Li Examination Record": "To be its fine." ”

Interpretation: Shave off his beard.

2. Used as a pronoun, it means Shancha Shi: through "Er" you, yours.

Source: Ming Cui Milling's "Remembering Wang Zhongsu Gongao": "And Weng Changquan, moving me to Beijing, will be your mother." ”

Interpretation: Your father is the chief of the Ministry of Officials, and he transferred me to the capital to serve, so you can serve your mother well every day.

3. Used as a verb, it means: through "such as". It seems like.

Source: Qin Lü Buwei's "Chajin": "The army is frightened and ruined. ”

Interpretation: The army is in turmoil like a great house collapsing.

4. Used as a conjunction, indicating juxtaposition, succession, progression, transition, modification, hypothesis, cause and effect, etc.

Source: Han Bangu's "Hanshu Food and Goods Chronicles" teased: "There is a lot of Su and more money." ”

Interpretation: Accumulation of reserves is the lifeblood of the country's survival, if there are many food reserves and property surplus.

5. Used as a particle, expressing an exclamation tone, equivalent to "ah" and "bar".

Source: Spring and Autumn Confucius's "Analects of Zihan": "Isn't there no way to think, the room is far away." ”

Interpretation: How can I not miss you? It's just that the place where the family lives is too far away.

6. Affixes, embedded after certain time words.

Source: Song Ouyang Xiu's "The Story of the Drunkard Pavilion": "Already, the sunset is in the mountains, and the figures are scattered. ”

Interpretation: Soon, the sun went down and the figures were scattered.