Why can triboelectricity pick up small pieces of paper?

Friction Electricity When the air is dry, comb the hair with a plastic comb, and the hair will float up with the comb. If you get close to small pieces of paper, the comb will suck them up. This phenomenon in which an object can attract small and light objects after friction is called triboelectric induction.

Any two objects rubbing against each other can be electrified. In the mid-18th century, the American scientist Benjamin Franklin analyzed and researched that there are two kinds of electricity with different properties, called positive electricity and negative electricity. The electricity carried by an object due to friction is either positive or negative.

Scientifically stipulated: the same electricity carried by a glass rod rubbed with silk is called positive electricity; The same electricity as a rubber rod that has been rubbed with fur is called negative electricity.

Triboelectric is just a phenomenon. Modern science tells us that any object is made up of atoms, and atoms are made up of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons, which move around the nucleus.

Under normal circumstances, the number of positive charges in the nucleus band is equal to the number of negative charges in the electron band outside the nucleus, and the atom is not electrically charged, so the whole object is neutral. It is difficult to change the number of positive charges in the nucleus, but the electrons outside the nucleus can get rid of the nucleus and transfer to another object, so that the number of negative charges in the electron belt outside the nucleus changes. When an object loses electrons, the total number of negative charges in its electron band is less than the positive charge of the nucleus, which shows that it is positively charged; On the contrary, an atom that is originally neutral appears to be negatively charged when it is combined with excess electrons.

When two objects rub against each other, one of them must lose some electrons and the other gets extra electrons. For example, if a glass rod is rubbed against silk, some of the electrons of the glass rod are transferred to the silk, and the glass rod is positively charged due to the loss of electrons, and the silk is negatively charged by the same amount of electrons. Rub the rubber rod against the fur, some of the electrons of the fur are transferred to the rubber rod, the fur belt is positively charged, and the rubber rod carries the same amount of negative electricity.

It can be seen that triboelectric power does not create electricity, but only transfers objectively existing electrons from one object to another.

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Why can "triboelectricity" pick up small pieces of paper? 2007-4-7 20:49 Asked by: naruto qq |Views: 4738.

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Upstairs didn't talk about why "triboelectric electricity" can pick up small pieces of paper, only explained "triboelectric electricity":

Being able to pick up small pieces of paper means that the force of the charged object to attract the uncharged object is stronger than the gravitational force, and the charged object has a strong electric attraction effect on the ordinary uncharged object.

Objects are all made up of molecules. The structure of the molecule is that the middle is a proton and the periphery is an electron, after the object is rubbed, the proton with strong electron adsorption ability will take away the free electrons around the proton with weak ability, then the object with strong proton adsorption ability will be negatively charged, and the weak one will be positively charged. Yikes!!

In the process of friction and electrification, some electrons bound by the nucleus are transferred to another object, so the electrons are positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged.

The charge distribution around the electricity is uneven, causing the local positive or negative charge to increase to attract the paper.

The principle of triboelectric induction is that the charge distribution around the dielectric is uneven, resulting in an increase in the amount of local positive or negative charge, which attracts the paper piece.

But there is no such thing as a perfect dielectric in the world, and the charge distribution on the dielectric will slowly become homogeneous (a matter of time), and when the electromagnetic force provided by the charge is no longer sufficient to resist the gravitational pull, the paper will fall again.

Two objects rubbing against each other generate static electricity because in the process of friction, one material loses electrons and becomes positively charged, while the other acquires electrons and becomes negatively charged. Friction charging is suitable for many situations, such as rubbing hair with a balloon.

A classic demonstration of static electricity.

The van de graaff generator, which is one of the simplest and most common demonstrations of electrostatic forces, is due to the fact that positive charges repel each other, and those who have straighter and longer hair will feel that the electric field force in the hair can easily become stronger than the earth's gravitational force or any other electric field force, and the hair will stand on end, because the positive charge will repel other positive charges.

But Van der Graff's generator experiment for those with curly hair can have a stronger internal electrostatic force than any external charge applied, so curls don't stand up easily.

Because the charge distribution around the dielectric is uneven, the amount of local positive or negative charge increases, which attracts small pieces of paper.

1. First of all, prepare a plastic ruler, the student can also use a ruler or a triangular ruler, put the ruler on the hair and rub, after rubbing for a while, there will be static electricity on the ruler, at this time, put the ruler on the small piece of paper, it will suck up the small piece of paper.

2. The principle of triboelectric initiation is that a charged ruler generates an electric field, and the paper in the electric field is polarized by the electric field and attracted to the charged object because of the reason of "positive and negative attraction".

1. Because the atoms that make up matter themselves have an electrical structure, substances are composed of charged grains and jujubes. When different objects are dismantled and rubbed against each other, one object loses electrons and becomes positively charged, while the other object gains electrons and becomes negatively charged. Broadly speaking, when a charged object is close to a small or light object, if the charged object is positively charged, the negative charge on the small and light object will be attracted and move closer to the charged body.

If a charged object is negatively charged, the positive charge on the small and light object is attracted and moves closer to the charged body.

2. Because the atoms that make up matter themselves have an electrical structure, matter is composed of charged particles. When different objects rub against each other, one object loses electrons and becomes positively charged, while the other gets electrons and becomes negatively charged. Broadly speaking, when a charged object is close to a small or light object, if the charged object is positively charged, the negative charge on the small and light object will be attracted and move closer to the charged body.

If a charged object is negatively charged, the positive charge on the small and light object is attracted and moves closer to the charged body.