How can we read and study ancient texts?

The appreciation of any category from ancient times to the present is not only an aesthetic transformation related to the trend of the times, but also implies some empirical logical reasoning. The purpose of bibliography is to quickly look up the headline history so that you can use it as a clue to find detailed information. The role of editions in the appraisal of calligraphy and painting is to compare and contrast the judgment of the time of recording when the historical records of the same historical fact are different, and of course, this judgment is to compare and screen when these two or more records are conclusive; Proofreading, in essence, is for text texts, and plays a small role in the appreciation of calligraphy and painting.

In the above cases, the ledger is based on the identification of calligraphy and painting. Counterfeiting is complicated by the specific work. For example, if you come across an ancient calligraphy and painting, but it is not in the record, you have to check the year in which it was made (how old the author is), whether it is the style of this person, and so on.

If there are traces (records) of famous deeds, you have to check the true records of the Inner Mansion such as "Xuanhe Book Spectrum", "Xuanhe Painting Spectrum", "Secret Palace Zhulin", "Shiqu Baoji", etc., of course, the seal of the great historical connoisseur is also an important aspect of the circulation of the work. In addition, the notes and materials of the good connoisseurs of the past generations are also unavoidable. In short, it is very complex and very professional academic research.

Bibliography, editions, proofreading and counterfeiting" is focused on identification, to talk about what you say "appreciation" is more ordinary, just read and appreciate, some ancient forgeries are also very beautiful. Of course, what you propose"No less than 5000 words", in fact, by asking for someone else's**!

The first step in reading is literacy. First of all, learn primary school well and lay a solid foundation. Essential for primary school literacy is the "New Student Dictionary", which also has an app to help correct students' pronunciation and help students develop good writing habits.

The Chinese civilization is really long, broad and profound, thick and profound, and the ancient books have a very realistic and far-reaching guiding significance, and it is really beneficial to read it!

Translation. As long as you are reading, you must read every word aloud, you can't read a word wrong, you can't read a word less, you can't read more than a word, you can't read a word upside down, you can't barely memorize it, as long as you read it a few more times, it will come out naturally, even if it takes a long time, you won't forget. The ancients said, "Read a book a hundred times, and you will see its righteousness."

That is to say, if you are familiar with the book, then you will naturally understand its truth without relying on others to explain it.

I once said that in order to concentrate on reading, you must have all three in place, that is, the heart, the eyes, and the mouth. If the mind is not in the book, then the eye will not look carefully at the heart and the eye, and since the mind is not attentive, but only reads casually, it must not be remembered, and even if it is remembered, it will not last long. Among the three, the heart is the most important.

Now that the heart has arrived, will the eyes and mouth not be there?

Original. Whenever you read a book, you must read every word loudly, not a word, not a word, not a word, not a word, not a word, not far-fetched and memorized, but to recite it several times, naturally catchy, and never forget for a long time. The ancients said, "Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will be seen by itself."

If you are familiar with it, you don't need to explain it, and you know its meaning.

Yu taste said, there are three ways to read, which is to the heart, to the eyes, and to the mouth. If the heart is not here, then the eyes do not look carefully, and the heart and eyes are not single-minded, but they only wander and read, and they can never remember, and they cannot remember for a long time. Among the three, the heart is the most urgent. When the heart is there, the eyes and mouth don't care.

From ancient times to the present, many literati, scholars, and famous scientific figures have written many, many classical books. Our 5,000-year-old Chinese culture is broad and profound, and we have accumulated a lot of classical books, which we must evaluate and appreciate with the right eyes and from the right angle. We all know that there are many, many classifications of classical books, such as:

There are many medicines, classical Chinese and poetry, the art of war, etc., and we must correctly understand how we should read books, instead of swallowing dates and reading any book, and wasting the meticulous production and sweat and blood of our ancestors.

So how do we get classical books right? I think that in order to read books correctly, we must choose a better place, a quiet place, a more suitable place to read books, a library, a bookstore, a quiet place at home, slowly open the classical classics, and slowly bring in the emotions, we must take the emotions of the author at that time, and at this time we must have a good experience, even if it may not work at first, but slowly it will get better, on the one hand, this is a sign of respect for books, but also respect for the person who wrote the book.

First of all, before reading classical books, we should correct our attitude. As soon as many people listen to and read classical books, the word "difficult" will appear in their minds, and they will immediately think of the classical Chinese they have learned before, and they will not want to read it in an instant. We have to admit that it is true that classical books are not as easy to read as modern articles, but the cultural knowledge in classical books is vast and profound, and we need to appreciate it carefully.

The second is to start reading classical books. At first, it is better to pick some simple books to read, it is better to read some small articles first, take your time, and don't rush. For example, when reading books such as "The Analects", "Shishuo Xinyu", and "The Book of Songs", each article is not very long, and it is relatively easy to understand compared to other classical books.

If you give yourself a thick book at the beginning, and it is obscure, then there will definitely be no interest. Start with the simple and easy-to-read ones and then choose the ones that are difficult to overcome, such as "Dream of Red Mansions" and "Zizhi Tongjian", step by step.

Then there is the fact that when reading classical books, you must stick to them, and you can force yourself to read them hard. Don't throw the book away as soon as you come across a few words and sentences you don't understand. If you encounter something difficult to understand, you can first check the ancient dictionary, or check other information, just like when we used to learn classical Chinese, prepare an ancient Chinese dictionary to facilitate your own query.

Of course, you can also skip over the ones you don't know first, and maybe you will understand what you don't understand when you read the back.

In addition, you can ask those friends and teachers who are proficient in ancient culture to see if they have any good suggestions to help you, and you can communicate together.

First of all, to read classical books, there is a threshold of classical knowledge, and you must have basic knowledge of Chinese culture before you can start reading classical books.

Secondly, there must be a direction, and the subset of classics and history should first learn a direction that you want to be proficient in, and then follow its context step by step.

Finally, we must learn to integrate and comprehend, Chinese culture is not only a lot of knowledge points, but a complete ideological context, a complete spiritual system, grasp the core of this system, master the backbone of this vein, in order to read classical books in depth.

Admire your thirst for truth and thirst for learning.

Indeed, sometimes when encountering questionable ancient sentences, I feel that the translation is inappropriate. This is just like what you said, 'each editor translates differently and interprets the words differently,' which is directly related to the level of each translator's own mastery of ancient texts.

Your 'multi-turn dictionary' is very good, I feel that the dictionary is not made up by one person, it is the crystallization of collective wisdom, and the dictionary explanation is still more accurate than the individual translation.

Thank you for writing about your learning process, which is not something that everyone can do, and your realistic spirit is admirable.

The first is to start with some easy-to-understand books and gradually improve your reading ability in ancient texts. Going straight to the hard bones will produce frustration and fear of difficulties.

The second is to take good notes. A good memory is better than a bad pen. After taking notes, I can review them often, and I can memorize some ancient words that I didn't understand at the time.

The third is to read more famous sayings. There are often a lot of appreciation articles on classic ancient texts, which is very helpful for the understanding of ancient texts and is also beneficial to the cultivation of your sense of ancient texts.

Fourth, in order not to affect the reading experience, the dictionary should not be used too often. Where it doesn't affect your understanding, go first. When reading intensively, you need to parse it word by word, and then turn to the dictionary.

Three kingdoms. After reading the book, my impression is that time is powerful, everything changes, seeing him rise and fall, nothing is certain.