Exactly the geostrophic deflection force should be explained by knowledge of physics

Let's post it again:

The geostrophic deflection force is also called coriolis force, which is usually translated as coriolis force in Chinese. I think it can be explained in this way. Suppose the Earth's center is stationary (which is simpler, much more complicated if you also consider the Earth's revolution, but the Earth's revolution has little effect on the Coriolis Force, at least not on the phenomena we often see).

Because all the points on the earth move in a circle around the earth's axis. Here let's assume that the earth's axis is constant, that is, the earth's axis is always in one direction, and then assume that the angular velocity of the earth's motion is constant, that is, the earth will not rotate faster and rotate slower, plus the assumption just now (the center of the earth is stationary), now the earth is abstracted into a sphere that rotates at a uniform speed around a straight line through the center of the sphere. Then now every point on the sphere moves in a uniform circular motion around the earth's axis, and the radius of motion is the perpendicular line of the earth's axis from that point, and the distance from the intersection point of the perpendicular line and the earth's axis to the point is the radius of motion.

Now it is clear that the rate of movement of each point on the surface is different with different latitudes (because of the different radius), but the angular velocity of movement at each point on the surface is the same. Then when an object moves from low to high latitudes (e.g. from the equator to the North Pole, which corresponds to the situation in the Northern Hemisphere), the linear velocity of the object becomes smaller and smaller. However, objects have inertia, and the object has a tendency to maintain its linear velocity, that is, if you observe the object in a place where it is relatively stationary (a reference frame at rest relative to the surface), you will find that it always has a tendency to move eastward in the process of moving northward (because the earth turns from west to east, the equator moves eastward at the highest rate, and the north and south poles are the smallest).

However, according to Newton's laws of motion, there must be an external force to change the state or tendency of motion of an object. This means that the object moving from south to north in the Northern Hemisphere receives an eastward force. This force is called the Coriolis force.

To put it more technically, the Coriolis force is not what we usually call the force of an object with force, it is an equivalent force in a non-inertial frame of reference. In other words, this thing can actually be said to be a force field.

If you imagine that if the observer sits on this moving object, then when moving from north to south, there is a force to the west, so turning right, and when moving from south to north, the force to the east is also turning right, and see, it is biased. In the Southern Hemisphere, on the contrary, all east-east is deflected to the left together. This is manifested in the fact that tornadoes in the northern and southern hemispheres rotate in opposite directions, and the vortex created by the flow of water flushing toilets is also in opposite directions.

Here's my personal opinion: I remember my teacher saying that. Inertia he is not a force. Therefore, it can't be said that it works, and there is no Coriolis force. ）

Strictly speaking, what the guy upstairs said was not accurate.

In a non-inertial frame of reference that assumes that the Earth rotates at a uniform speed, the inertial force on a stationary object is simpler, i.e., the inertial centrifugal force.

The problem is complicated when the object has a velocity relative to the Earth's motion. At this time, while considering the inertial centrifugal force, it is also necessary to consider another inertial force, which is the Coriolis force attached above. Its size and direction are related to the mass of the object, the velocity vector, and the Earth's rotation angular velocity vector

f=mv w(vector cross product)

If you want to experience the existence of Coriolli angular velocity, you can do the following experiment: rotate a piece of white paper at a constant speed, and then use a pen to slowly draw a line in a fixed direction (relative to the ground).Once you have finished drawing, look at the trajectory of the pen on the white paper, and you will see that the pen seems to be deflected by an unexpected force in the rotation system of the white paper.

To use an irregular, it is the centrifugal force that occurs because of the rotation of the earth. However, the physics teacher in middle school will tell you that because centrifugal phenomena are caused by the inertia of objects, and there is no such thing as centrifugal force, the so-called centrifugal force is wrong, and there is no such force as centrifugal force. But I remember a little book about Albert Einstein that said that Einstein thought that if you really feel a centrifugal force, why do you say that it doesn't exist?

The so-called centrifugal force is actually a type of inertial force, inertial force = inertial mass * acceleration. That's what Albert Einstein was up to.

Don't be so troublesome, let's put it simply and plainly.

That is, if there is a river flowing from due south to due north, the linear velocity near the low latitude area is greater, and the linear velocity near the high latitude area is smaller, due to the action of inertia, the part near the high latitude area will also rotate at the same speed as the low latitude area, so there is a force to the right, which is the geostrophic deflection force, which is also a kind of inertial force.

This dude has to change his career too much!! Admire, admire.

Centrifugal force and inertia play a role.

The deflection force of the earth's rotation (referred to as the geostrophic deflection force) refers to a force that deflects all objects on the earth that move horizontally due to the rotation of the earth. This kind of bias force of horizontal motion was first studied and determined by the French mathematician Coriolis, so it is also called Coriolis force.

It is known from physics that if a particle moves relative to a frame of reference rotating at a uniform angular velocity, the point is subjected to an inertial force that depends on the relative velocity and the angular velocity of the frame of rotation and the mass of the particle, and this inertial force is called the Coriolis force. In the same way, due to the rotation of the earth, when an object moves relative to the ground, the observer standing on the ground feels that the direction of the object's motion changes, and assumes that the object is acted on by a force, which is called the geostrophic deflection force, which is the Coriolis force in physics. In addition to revolving around the sun, the earth also rotates counterclockwise around the earth's axis, and its angular velocity is expressed in , and its magnitude is:

7 29 l0-5 (radians).

The direction is along the Earth's axis perpendicular to the North Pole (the "day" here refers to the sidereal day, and a sidereal day is equal to 23:56).Due to the rotation of the earth, the ground level rotates everywhere. In the case of the Northern Hemisphere, taking the polar plane as an example, the angular velocity of the polar plane is the angular velocity of the polar plane due to the rotation of the earth causing a counterclockwise rotation around its vertical axis.

When an object moves relative to the polar ground, the observer standing on the ground will feel that the object is acting on a force parallel to the ground plane, which is called the horizontal geostrophic deflection force. Taking the equatorial plane as an example, at the equator, the plane tangent to any point above it rotates around an axis that passes through this point parallel to the Earth's axis. There is only angular velocity in the horizontal direction.

As the Earth rotates, the eastern side of the equatorial plane "descends" and the western side "rises".If an object moves relative to the earth's plane, the observer on the earth feels that the object moving to the east is affected by an upward force, while the object moving west is affected by the downward force. Therefore, it is believed that an object moving in the equatorial plane is only affected by a perpendicular force, which is the perpendicular geostrophic deflection force.

At various latitudes between the equator and the polar regions, the Earth's rotation causes the Earth's ground level to rotate everywhere. This rotation can be decomposed into a rotation about a vertical axis (equivalent to the case of the polar plane) and a rotation about a horizontal axis (equivalent to the case of the equatorial plane).The angular velocity of the ground rotation has components in both vertical and horizontal directions.

So, if the object is to be acted on in both vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, it is believed that objects moving in the middle latitudes are subject to both horizontal and vertical geostrophic deflection forces.

The physical significance of the geostrophic deflection force is analyzed from the ground level day rotation above. This force is the force that the observer standing on the rotating earth feels on the point of air moving relative to the earth as a result of the rotation of the earth.

To determine the geostrophic deflection force, the face needs to be oriented towards the direction of the object's motion, with the northern hemisphere deflecting to the right-hand direction and the southern hemisphere deflecting to the left-hand direction. It can also be judged by the rule of the left and right hands: four fingers together, palms facing up, four fingers pointing in the direction of the object's special motion, and thumb pointing in the direction of deflection force.

The northern hemisphere is right-handed, and the southern hemisphere is left-handed. The geostrophic deflection force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion of the object.

Geostrophic deflection force refers to the force perpendicular to the direction of motion of objects on the earth's surface due to the rotation of the earth. When an object moves relative to the earth's surface, it is affected by a force called the geostrophic deflection force and changes direction, but the geostrophic deflection force is not a real force, but an inertial force. Geostrophic deflection force is a force that cannot be ignored for aerospace and aviation, the geostrophic deflection force is most significant in the polar regions, and gradually weakens in the direction of the equator until it disappears at the equator, and the geostrophic deflection force is very small in daily life, which is negligible.

In practice, it is extremely inconvenient to describe the movement of sea water or atmosphere on Earth from the point of view of absolute space. It is much more convenient to describe it in terms of space that rotates synchronously with the Earth. Therefore, if the equation of motion of absolute space is rewritten into the equation of motion of the spatial coordinate system that moves synchronously with the earth.

The force exerted on an object per unit mass of this acceleration is called the Earth's rotational deflection force.

This deflection force is at right angles to the direction of the Earth's motion (90 to the right in the Northern Hemisphere).', in the Southern Hemisphere to the left into 90'), acting on the Earth. The 2mv sin is called the Coriolis parameter and is a function of latitude. When discussing small-scale motion, it can be thought of as an immutable constant.

Causes. Geostrophic deflection force is a force that causes a moving object on the earth's surface to experience a force perpendicular to the direction of its motion due to the rotation of the earth. The full name is the Earth's rotational deflection force. The geostrophic deflection force does not change the velocity (magnitude of velocity) of a moving object on the earth's surface, but it can change the direction of a moving object.

Geostrophic deflection forces have obvious effects on monsoon circulation, air mass movements, cyclone (typhoon) and anticyclone (cold air) migration paths, ocean currents and river movements, and many other natural phenomena.

Because except for the north and south poles, the angular velocity of each latitude is the same, when flying from north to south, the circle of the south is larger, that is, the longer the latitude line is to the south, so the linear velocity is large, so a small linear velocity in the north is slower than the linear velocity of the south, so it is biased to the right due to inertia. The same goes for the north, from the fast place to the slow place, the speed is "ahead", and the direction of progress is also deviated to the right.

In layman's terms, the geostrophic deflection force is actually a branch of the inertial force. Just like when the car starts or brakes, if there is a small ball in the car, the ball will be subjected to the inertial force in the horizontal direction and move back and forth in the horizontal direction.

It's just that the "cart" of the earth is spherical, and its frame of reference is spherical and has angular velocity, so the force on a horizontally moving object is more complicated and difficult to understand.

The geostrophic deflection force is a Coriolis force that is an equivalent force that we add to the moving object when the frame of reference we are acting has angular velocity.

It is easy to remember that "the northern hemisphere is biased to the right, the southern hemisphere is biased to the left", and the equator is not biased, which is due to the rotation of the earth. Features: From red to the poles, it gradually grows!

The force that occurs because of the rotation of the earth with the earth's graticule as the frame of reference. Geostrophic deflection is a component of the Coriolis force (Coriolis force) along the Earth's surface, expressed as f=2mv sin, in order to maintain horizontal inertial motion of the object, the graticule generates relative acceleration due to the rotation of the Earth. First of all, it should be noted that the geostrophic deflection force to the right is in the northern hemisphere, and in the southern hemisphere it is to the left, of course, these right and left are relative to the direction of progress, and the following is the situation in the northern hemisphere.

1.Since the angular velocity of each latitude is the same, when flying from north to south, the circle of the south is large, so the linear velocity is large, so a small linear velocity in the north is slower than the linear velocity of the south, so it deviates to the right due to inertia. The same goes for the north, from the fast place to the slow place, the speed is "ahead", and the direction of progress is also deviated to the right.

2.Fly along the latitude to the east and west, at this time, because the direction of gravity points to the center of the earth, and the direction of the latitude circle points to the center of the circle is not the center of the earth, you can think about it, so because of this angle, the centripetal force can not completely cancel out the centrifugal force that you rotate around the center of the circle of the parallel, so a synthesis, it will also deviate to the right. 3.

The equator is not subject to geostrophic deflection precisely because the center of the earth is exactly the center of the circle in which the latitudinal circle rotates, and the two coincide, and gravity can cancel out the outward force. Finally, the geostrophic deflection force is greatest at the north and south poles.

The simplest way to understand it is that the northern hemisphere is biased to the right, the southern hemisphere is biased to the left, and there is no deflection force at the equator.

The drawing method of the deflection force is made according to the direction of movement, for example, if you stand on the equator and walk towards the Tropic of Cancer, to the north, but due to the influence of the geostrophic deflection force, the northern hemisphere deviates to the right, and gradually the direction you go becomes the northeast, and then the water flow, carefully observe the place of the Yangtze River estuary, the water from west to east plus the right deflection force, so it is easy to erode the right bank (that is, the south bank) The north bank of the impact force is small sediment deposits, there is a Chongming Island, and there is the formation of the wind belt, It is the geostrophic deflection force when the air flows that there are westerly wind belts, trade wind belts, and so on, as you can imagine.

As for the cause, please refer to the encyclopedia.