What are the causes of disasters caused by typhoons?

Strong winds (over 12), extremely heavy rain, storm surge.

Meteorological disasters such as strong winds, lightning, heavy rain, storm surge, etc.

Natural disasters caused by typhoons include strong winds, torrential rains, mudslides, landslides, floods, etc.

<> formation of typhoons:

A typhoon is a severe tropical cyclone (wind speed exceeding 32 6 m/s) that occurs in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. A severe tropical cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean or the eastern North Pacific Ocean is called a hurricane, which means that it is called a typhoon in China, the Philippines, and Japan, and a hurricane in the United States. The direct exposure of the tropical sea surface to the sun raises the temperature of the sea, and the evaporation of the sea provides sufficient water vapor.

The condensation of water vapour during the uplift releases a large amount of latent heat, which promotes the further development of convective motion, causing the pressure at sea level to drop, causing the surrounding warm and moist air to flow in and replenish, and then uplift. This cycle results in a positive feedback, the second type of conditional instability (CISK) mechanism. On the vast surface of the sea with the right conditions, the area of influence of the circulation will continue to expand, reaching hundreds to thousands of kilometers.

Because the earth rotates at a high speed from west to east, the air column and the earth's surface cause friction, because the closer to the equator, the stronger the friction, which guides the air column to rotate counterclockwise (the southern hemisphere system rotates clockwise), because the speed of the earth's rotation is fast and the air column cannot keep up with the speed of the earth's rotation and forms a sensory westward movement, which forms what we now call typhoons and typhoon paths.

The Taina trap winds were formed by the development of a pre-existing tropical depression disturbance.

Typhoons are formed from a pre-existing tropical depression disturbance. According to China's statistics, the disturbance of tropical cyclones** in the four initial disturbance tropical convergence zones in the western Pacific-South China Sea region accounts for 80% and 85%. Dongfeng waves, accounting for about 10%; Cut-off low pressure in the middle and high latitude troughs, or high-altitude cold vortices, accounts for about 5%; Baroclinic perturbations, accounting for less than 5%.

The temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere over the tropical ocean are mainly determined by the surface water temperature (SST), and the higher the SST, the higher the temperature and humidity of the lower atmosphere, and the more obvious the geopotential instability.

Typhoons form over the warm ocean of SST 26 27, and generally speaking, this condition is met all year round on the surface of the global tropical oceans, and only the equatorial southeast Pacific Ocean is the main reason why there are no typhoons here.

Typhoon structure

The typhoon is a deep, simple and thick low-pressure system, its central pressure is very low, the lower layer has a significant convergence towards the center, and the top of the airflow mainly radiates outward. If you cut the typhoon horizontally, you can see that there are three distinct areas, from the center to the outward: the typhoon eye area, the cloud wall area, and the spiral rain belt area.

Typhoon Eye Zone: Very peculiar, where the wind is very small, the weather is clear, and the average diameter is 40 kilometers, and the seafarers who are present in it humorously call the typhoon eye a "paradise" for typhoons.

Cloud wall area: The cloud wall area around the eye of the typhoon is dozens of kilometers wide and more than ten kilometers high, also known as the eyewall. Here the cloud walls are towering, the wind is howling, the rain is pouring down, the sea is churning, and the weather is at its worst.

Direct disasters caused by typhoons are usually caused by strong winds, heavy rains, and storm surges

1. Wind. Typhoon winds and the waves caused by them can throw the 10,000-ton giant ship into the air and break it, or push the giant ship inland; It is also enough to damage or even destroy buildings, bridges, vehicles, etc. on land. The damage is even greater, especially in areas where buildings are not reinforced.

2. Heavy rain. Flooding caused by typhoons and rains is the most dangerous disaster due to its ferocity and devastating nature.

3. Storm surge. When a typhoon moves to land, the strong winds and low pressure of the typhoon cause the sea water to accumulate strongly towards the coast, and the tide level rises sharply, and the waves rush towards the coast.

In addition, these disasters caused by typhoons are very likely to induce secondary disasters such as urban waterlogging, house collapse, flash floods, and mudslides.

Wherever the typhoon went, it was devastated, causing tremendous destructive power and causing huge economic losses to our country. It can be said that the destructive power of a super typhoon is no weaker than a large ** and volcanic eruption, and because of this, super typhoons are also considered by countries around the world to be one of the most serious natural disasters.