Find the chemical properties of common manganese compounds for 50 points

MNO2 is an amphoteric oxide.

When the reducing agent is encountered, it is oxidizing. For example, manganese dioxide is heated to 1400K in a hydrogen gas stream to obtain manganese monoxide; Manganese dioxide is heated in an ammonia gas stream to obtain brown-black manganese trioxide; Manganese dioxide is reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain manganese dichloride and chlorine gas.

When encountering strong oxidants, it also behaves as reducing. If manganese dioxide, potassium carbonate and potassium nitrate or potassium chlorate are mixed and melted, a dark green melt can be obtained, and the melt can be cooled in water to obtain potassium manganate, a compound of hexavalent manganese. It is a strong oxidizing agent in acid media.

It is widely used in steelmaking, and is used in glassmaking, ceramics, enamel, dry batteries, and as a catalyst.

It can be used as a depolarizing agent for dry batteries. Its oxidation is often used in storage laboratories to prepare chlorine (Cl2) by mixing it with concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and heating

Mno2 + 4HCl (concentrated) = MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

In addition, it can also be used as a catalyst to react with hydrogen peroxide, potassium chlorate, etc. to produce oxygen.

It can be prepared by heating potassium permanganate.

Potassium permanganate is higher than 240 decomposed, soluble in boiling water, soluble in water, soluble in methanol, acetone, but mixed with glycerin, sucrose, camphor, turpentine, ethylene glycol, ether, hydroxylamine and other organic matter or easy substances to occur strong combustion or **. The aqueous solution is unstable. The aqueous solution of this product is unstable, decomposes in sunlight, generates manganese dioxide, gray-black precipitates and adheres to the utensils.

The potassium permanganate solution is purplish-red.

The chemical equation for the preparation of oxygen from potassium permanganate: 2kmNO4 = =K2mNO4+mNO2+O2 (is the heating character).

The chemical equation for the reaction of potassium permanganate with concentrated hydrochloric acid: 2kmNO4 + 16HCl (concentrated) = 2KCl + 2mnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

MNO2 belongs to catalysts.

The most common is added in experiments to produce oxygen.

Chemical formula. mno2

H2O2***** = 2H2 "Gas Symbol" + O2 "Gas Symbol".

KMNO4 is heated to produce oxygen.

In junior high school chemistry.

It is an experimental method of producing oxygen.

Heating potassium permanganate: 2kmNO4 heating K2mNO4 + mNO2 + O2

MNO2 belongs to catalysts.

The most common is added in experiments to produce oxygen.

Hydrogen peroxide releases oxygen catalyzed by MNO2.

Potassium chlorate is heated to produce potassium chloride oxygen catalyzed by MNO2.

KMNO4 is heated to produce oxygen.

In junior high school chemistry.

It is an experimental method of producing oxygen.

Manganese dioxide is a common catalyst and can also be used as a reducing agent and sometimes as an oxidizing agent such as chlorine production. Potassium permanganate is often used as an oxidizing agent and is extremely oxidizing.

Chinese synonyms: manganese dioxide; manganese peroxide; manganese dioxide; manganese oxide; manganese dioxide active precipitation; Dimanganese pentoxide; Manganese dioxide ( ) oxide

Product Name: manganese dioxide

synonyms in English: pyrolusite; activated manganese dioxide;manganese peroxide;manganese superoxide;manganese (iv) dioxide;manganese(iv) oxide;manganese(iv) oxide activated;manganese(iv) oxide on carrier

CAS Number: 1313-13-9

Molecular Weight: EINECs Number: 215-202-6

Melting Point: 535 °C (dec.))(lit.)

Density: form :p owder

color :gray

Water solubility : insoluble

merck: 14,5730

Hazard Signs: XN Hazardous Substances.

Risk Category Code: R20 22 Harmful if inhaled and swallowed.

Safety Instructions: S25 Avoid contact with eyes.

Dangerous Goods Transport Number: 3137

rtecs :op0350000

Chemical properties: black orthorhombic crystals or brownish-black powder. Insoluble in water and nitric acid, soluble in acetone.

Uses: It is a strong oxidizing agent, mainly used in dry batteries as depolarizing agent, glass industry decolorizing agent, paint and ink desiccant, gas mask absorber, match accelerant, etc.

Uses: used in the preparation of manganese salts, also used as oxidants, rust removers.

Uses: used in the preparation of manganese salts, also used as oxidants, rust removers.

Uses: used as an oxidizing agent, also used in steelmaking, glass, ceramics, enamel, dry batteries, matches, medicine, etc.

Potassium permanganate Chinese alias: gray manganese oxygen; potassium permanganate; potassium permanganate (medicinal); Potassium permanganate, solution (

Product Name: potassium permanganate

CAS Number: 7722-64-7

EINECs Number: 231-760-3

Molecular weight: Physicochemical properties: reddish-purple orthorhombic crystal, granular or needle-like crystal. It has a metallic sheen.

Product use: used as oxidant, bleach, carbon dioxide refining agent for beverages, deodorant, wood preservative, adsorbent, disinfectant, insecticide, water purification agent, etc.

Hazard Signs: o Oxidizing Substances XN Hazardous Substances.

Hazard Category Code: R22 Harmful to Swallow R50 53 Extremely toxic to aquatic life and may cause long-term adverse effects on the aquatic environment.

Safety: S60 residues and containers of this substance must be disposed of as hazardous waste S61 to avoid discharge into the environment.

Manganese compounds include: manganese dioxide, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride, potassium stool, potassium manganate, basic manganese oxide, manganese trioxide, potassium fluoromanganate, manganese carbonate, etc.

Chemical properties of manganese: Manganese metal is easily oxidized in the air. It can react with fluorine, chlorine and bromine when heated.

Molten manganese dissolves carbon. Soluble in dilute acids. The alloy formed by manganese and iron has a wide range of applications.

Manganese is also involved in the oxygen release process of plant photosynthesis. Manganese is a component of nucleic acid structure that promotes cholesterol synthesis.

Manganese, the chemical symbol is MN, its atomic number is 25, off-white, is a transition metal, pure metal manganese is a metal slightly softer than iron, manganese with a small amount of impurities is hard and brittle, and it will oxidize in wet places. In 1774, Gann isolated the metal manganese. Bergman named it manganese.

Manganese can be prepared by reducing pyromanganese by thermite.

Manganese compounds are: manganese dioxide, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride, potassium permanganate, potassium manganate, basic manganese oxide, trilocust dimanganese oxide, potassium fluoromanganate, manganese carbonate, etc.

Chemical properties of manganese: Manganese metal is easily oxidized in the air. It can react with fluorine, chlorine and bromine when heated.

Molten manganese dissolves carbon. Soluble in dilute acids. Alloys formed by manganese and iron have a wide range of uses.

Manganese is also involved in the oxygen release process of plant photosynthesis. Manganese is a component of nucleic acid structure that promotes cholesterol synthesis.

Manganese, the chemical symbol is MN, its atomic number is 25, off-white, is a transition metal, the pure metal manganese is a metal slightly softer than iron, manganese with a small amount of impurities is hard and brittle, and it will oxidize in wet places. In 1774, the Gann Separation Stool produced manganese. Bergman named it manganese.

Manganese can be prepared by reducing pyromanganese by thermite.

The valency of manganese is bai+2,

du+3, +4, +5+6, and +7. The colors are +2 pink, +3 is unstable red crystal, +4 is black powder, +5 is cyan blue, +6 is dark green crystal, and +7 is dark purple black crystal.

Manganese, the chemical symbol is MN, its atomic number is 25, is a grayish-white, hard brittle, shiny transition metal, pure metal manganese is a metal slightly softer than iron, manganese with a small amount of impurities is hard and brittle, and it will oxidize in wet places. Manganese is widely found in nature, and the soil contains manganese, and tea, wheat and hard-shell fruits contain more manganese. Operations that come into contact with manganese include crushed stone, mining, electric welding, production of dry batteries, dye industry, etc.

Silvery-white metal, hard and brittle. It belongs to the VIIB group of elements. Density grams of cubic centimeters.

Melting point 1244 . In the solid state it exists in four allotropic forms of manganese (body-centered cube), manganese (cube), manganese (face-centered cube), δ manganese (body-centered cube). The ionization energy is electron volts.

Solid: 2-valent manganese salts contain more crystalline water.

BAI is pink in color and is represented by DU manganese chloride tetrahydrate (ZhimnCl2 4H2O). The anhydrous DAO is mostly white, anhydrous manganese sulfate has a very light pink color, manganese sulfate monohydrate is almost white 3-valent manganese compounds are unstable, with manganese trifluoride being the most representative, and the data says that it is a red crystal. 4-valent manganese is represented by manganese dioxide, which is a black powder 6-valent manganese is represented by manganate, which are dark green crystals.

7-valent manganese is represented by permanganate, which are dark purplish-black crystals. I have only seen manganese powder, which is a black powder, and the information says that the pure manganese flakes are silvery-white metal. In solution:

Mn2+ is pale pink, and its color is basically visible, and the ferrous ions are more pronounced. Mn3+ has a distinct red color, much darker than Mn2+ MnO4 2- (manganate) is dark green MnO4- (permanganate) is purple (concentrated solution looks purple-black) The above substances except for solid manganese trifluoride, solid potassium manganate, and pure manganese flakes, the rest of the substances are all seen with my own eyes, so the landlord can completely believe me.

The aqueous solution of 2-valent manganese ion is pink, the 4-valent 2-manganese oxide is black, and the 7-valent potassium permanganate is purplish-red.

Bivalent, very light pink (not obvious), trivalent is difficult to exist in solution, solid oxide is black, tetravalent is the same, oxide is brownish black, hexavalent solution is still solid is green, heptavalent is purple.

In solution: +7 valence: purple red + 6 valence: brownish yellow +1 - +5 valence: colorless 0 valence insoluble in solid state: 0 - +7 valence: all black.

(1) Manganese burns in oxygen: 3mn + 2O2 = mn3o4 (condition: ignition) (2) Manganese reacts with hot water:

Mn+2H2O(Heat)=Mn(OH)2+H2 (3) Manganese reacts with hydrochloric acid: Mn+2HCl=MnCl2+H2 (4) Manganese reacts with nitric acid: Mn+4Hno3=Mn(NO3)2+2H2O+2NO2

5) Thermite reaction (one of the reaction products is manganese): 4Al + 3 MnO2 = 3 Mn + 2Al 2O3 (condition: high temperature).

Update 1:The answers to these questions are 2+ +2 +4 2- +6 +7

1.In Mn: Oxidation number of Mn = 2 2

In mNO2: Oxidation number of O = 2 Oxidation number of mM = 0 - 2(-2) =4 3In Ransom mno4:

Oxidation number of o = 2 mn Oxidation number = 2 - 4(-2) =6 4In KMNO4: Oxidation number of k = Oxidation number of 1 O = Oxidation number of 2 mn = 0 - 1) -4(-2) =7

Reference: Hu Xue.

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Organomeganese compounds.

Organosmanganese compounds are metal-organic compounds formed by the direct combination of manganese and carbon. In the industrial production of organic compounds containing manganese, two types of substances, manganese carbonyl compounds and carbamate, cause environmental pollution problems. Since the carbonyl compounds of manganese can increase the octane number of gasoline, they can replace tetraethyl lead.

The Soviet Union developed manganese tricarbonylcyclopentadiene (MCT), and the United States added methyl to this compound to develop manganese tricarbonylmethylcyclopentadiene (MMT), both of which are light yellow-brown liquids with ** toxicity and inhalation toxicity. Carbamate of manganese is used as an agricultural insecticide.

There are three main types of manganese compounds: oxides, hydroxides, and manganese salts.

1. Manganese oxides.

The main oxides of manganese are manganese monoxide (MNO), manganese dioxide (mnO2), manganese trioxide (MN203), manganese tetroxide (MN3O4), manganese anhydride (MN2O5), manganese anhydride (MN03) and high manganese anhydride (MN2O7).Mn2O5 and Mno3 cannot exist in the free state and can only exist in the form of manganese-based and manganese-based groups.

The most common manganese oxides in nature are soft manganese ore (mno2), hard manganese ore (MMNO·mno2·NH20), metamanganese acid ore (mno2·NH2O), water manganese ore [mno2·mn(OH)2], brown manganese ore (MN203), black manganese ore, etc. Manganese-containing natural oxides are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Chemical formula of manganese-containing natural oxide ores Dense soft manganese ore and sudan ore, manganese ore mno2 (and) metamanganese ore mno2 brown manganese ore water manganese ore and manganese squea mn2o3 - galenosa flake water meng ore mno·h2o black manganese ore water black manganese ore mn3o4·nh2o galvanite (mn·fe) 2o3 hard manganese ore xro·ymno2·,k,ca,mg, etc. mno,mn203,mn304,mn2 and other insoluble in water, various oxidation states of manganese, With the increase of oxidation valence, the alkalinity weakens, the acidity increases, and the low-valent MNO, Mn2O3 belong to alkaline; 4-valent mNO2 is neutral; ** MnO3, Mn207 is acidic.

a) Manganese monoxide.

Manganese monoxide, also known as manganese oxide (MNO), molecular weight, grass green or gray-green powder, is an alkaline oxide, easy to oxidize in the air, and can generate Mn304, Mn203, and MnO2 when heated to different temperatures in the atmosphereInsoluble in water at room temperature, soluble in acid to form rose-colored divalent manganese salt. The rosy color of the crystalline hydrate and the Mn2+ salt solution is due to the presence of [Mn(H20)6]2+ ions.

The density of MNO is, the hardness is 5 6, and the melting point is 1784

Mn0 is mainly used in the production of manganese sulfate, because the main raw material for the production of manganese sulfate is soft manganese ore (Mn02), and MnO2 is insoluble in dilute acid and must be reduced to MNO in advance.

MNO with high purity and low content of heavy metal ions can be directly used as fertilizer and feed additives.

The industrial production method of MNO is mainly made by adding carbon to reduce soft manganese ore powder in a rotary kiln or reverberatory furnace, and it has also been reported that it can be produced in multi-layer mobile furnaces and boiling furnaces. In addition to the use of pyrolite, it can also be prepared by heating Mn(OH)2 and MnCO3 under the condition of air isolation.