The question of vacuoles, what does vacuole contain?

The most essential difference between animal cells and plant cells is that plant cells have a cell wall, while animal cells do not.

Vacuoles are made up of a monolayer of membrane and the cellular fluid within it. It is mainly found in plant cells But the food vacuoles and contractile vacuoles of lower animals, especially unicellular animals, also belong to vacuoles, so vacuoles cannot distinguish between animal and plant cells.

For details, please refer to the encyclopedia.

Large vacuoles are specific to plants, but not all plant cells have large vacuoles, and the cell walls are not accurate, and some microorganisms also have cell walls, but the composition is different.

Animal cells definitely do not have vacuoles, but not all plant cells have vacuoles, only mature plant cells have vacuoles, so it is best to distinguish animal and plant cells by looking at whether they have cell walls or not, which is the most accurate.

Incomplete, the cells of the root hair meristem of the plant do not have vacuoles.

The vacuole contains cell fluid. Cell sap is the fluid in the vacuoles of plant cells in which it is dissolvedInorganic salts, amino acids, sugars, and various pigments.

Vacuoles are organelles that are coated by biofilms.

It is composed of a monolayer of membrane and a fine succulent cytosol within it, and is found in all plants (immature plant cells do not have vacuoles, and some highly mature plant cells are also vacuole-free) and fungal cells, as well as some protists.

It is widely found in animal and bacterial cells.

Vacuoles are formed by the fusion of a series of small vesicles, which are functionally similar to enlarged versions of vesicles. The shape and size of the vacuole is not fixed, and its structure depends on the specific cellular environment.

The vacuole is the cell fluid, and the watery liquid in the vesicle of the plant is the product of cell metabolism, in which organic acids, alkaloids, sugars, proteins, salts and pigments (anthocyanins) are dissolved.

Follow-up: Perfect.

Follow-up: Please give a reward.

Vacuoles are mainly found in plant cells, and there are only small vacuoles in animal cells The following mainly talks about the substances contained in large vacuoles in plant cells:

There is a vacuolar membrane on the surface of the vacuole, and the inside of the membrane is the cell fluid, and the outside is the cytoplasm (which is often mistaken during this test) The cell fluid contains substances such as sugars, inorganic salts, pigments, and proteins

I think the book says that vacuoles contain cell fluid, which is a general concept, that is, all the substances in the vacuole are called cell fluid, and then subdivide the specific substances (sugars and so on) mentioned above

I hope you find it helpful!

The fluid in the blister is the clear fluid that exudes from the tissues of the human body, which can also be called tissue fluid. Nothing will grow on your face if you splash it.

Interstitial fluid is the body fluid that exists in the interstitial space, which belongs to the environment in which the cell lives, and the water, glucose and inorganic salts in the plasma penetrate the capillary wall and enter the intercellular space to form the interstitial fluid. The liquid in the blister is able to absorb itself, but at a slower rate.

Professionals call that fluid wound exudate. Just splash it on your face and wash it off, it won't grow anything.

1 Pinyin 2 Annotations.

yè pào

Vacuoles are vacuoles filled with water fluids surrounded by a monolayer membrane in the cytoplasm and are an organelle that is ubiquitous in plant cells. The vacuoles in plant cells have their process of occurrence and development, and the young cells have only a few, scattered small vacuoles, and in the growing Sophora cells, these vacuoles gradually merge and develop into a large vacuole, which occupies a large part of the cell, and squeezes the cytoplasm and nucleus to the edge of the cell, so the mature plant cell has one or more large vacuoles. The fluid inside the vacuole is called cell fluid, which dissolves many small organic molecules and inorganic salts.

The function of vacuoles is to participate in the water metabolism of cells (such as plasmo-wall separation and plasmo-wall separation and restoration), and it is also a place for the accumulation of by-products of cell metabolism and waste products (such as sucrose, phytopyrine, tannins, excess inorganic salts, etc.).

Cell fluid. The liquid in the vacuole is called cell fluid, which is dissolved in various pigments such as inorganic salts, amino acids, sugars, and nucleos, especially anthocyanins. The cell fluid is hypertonic, so the plant cells can always be in a state of swelling and fullness.

Vacuoles are biofilm-coated organelles that are widely found in all plant and fungal cells, as well as some proto-modified liquid, animal, and bacterial cells. <

Cell fluid. The fluid in the vacuole is called the cell fluid, which is dissolved in inorganic salts, amino acids, sugars, and various pigments, especially anthocyanins. The cell fluid is hypertonic, so the plant cells can always be in a state of swelling and fullness.

Vacuoles are biofilm-coated organelles that are widely found in all plant and fungal cells, as well as some protists, animals, and bacterial cells. This enclosed compartment is filled with an aqueous solution containing a variety of inorganic molecules, including many enzymes in a dissolved state and, in some cases, solid particles encapsulating the nucleus. Vacuoles are a series of small vesicles fused together, and the vacuoles are functionally like enlarged versions of vesicles.

The shape and size of the vacuole is not fixed, and its structure depends on the specific cellular environment.

The functions of vacuoles are as follows:

1. The main component of the vacuole is water, but in different types of cells, the vacuole also stores the products of various cellular metabolic activities. Large amounts of sucrose are stored in the vacuoles of sugarcane stems and beetroot cells, and tannins are stored in the vacuoles of persimmon peel cells. Vacuoles are also a place to store proteins and fats.

As a reservoir, vacuoles also play a role in keeping biosynthetic raw materials stable**. Bending seepage.

2. The effect of maintaining cell turgor pressure, the vacuole contains a higher concentration of sugars, salts and other substances, so that a large amount of water enters the vacuole, and the vacuole full of water maintains the cell turgor pressure, which is the fundamental factor for the plant body to maintain an upright state.

3. Similar to lysosomes, vacuoles contain various acidic hydrolases, which can decompose proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides and other substances in cells, similar to lysosomes in animal cells. Organelle fragments enter the vacuole through invagination and phagocytosis of the vacuolar membrane, where they are finally broken down and play a role in the autolysis of plant cells.

4. Defense, the vacuole contains chitinase, which can hydrolyze and destroy the cell wall of the fungus. When the plant body is harmed by fungal pathogens, the biosynthesis of chitinase increases to enhance the killing effect against the invading pathogen. Vacuoles also have the effect of phagocytosizing pathogens, and through the hydrolase enzymes in them, the pathogens are broken down and destroyed, or the pathogens are trapped in the vacuoles so that they cannot proliferate and spread.

Nature Structure:

Animal and plant vacuoles are composed of a layer of biofilm, and their morphology is the same as that of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Plant vacuolar membranes have special permeability, which is generally higher than plasma membranes. Animal vacuoles are the center of redox in animal cells, and are the places for concentration and coagulation of substances, especially proteins, such as enzyme protoplasms, yolk grains, and acrosomes (perforators).

Vacuoles contain many substances, and vacuoles of plant cells contain inorganic salts, organic acids, sugars, lipids, proteins, enzymes, gums, mucus, tannic acids, alkaloids, and anthocyanins. In animal secretory cells, Heng contains a large number of glycogen particles produced and exported in the form of zymogen; In the lysosomes of animals and plants, there are high concentrations of various enzymes, such as proteases, nucleases, esterases and nucleosidases.

The function of vacuole is multifaceted, and it plays a clear role in maintaining the tone of the cell. The second is the storage of various substances, such as the sucrose in sugar beets is stored in vacuoles, and the color of many flowers is the result of the concentration of pigments in the vacuoles of the petal cells. Thirdly, the vacuole contains hydrolytic enzymes, which can engulf the components that are destroyed within the digestion cell.

Finally, vacuoles also play a role in the autolysis of plant cells. Some of the senescent and degraded cells of plants are digested by autolysis. At this time, the vacuole is destroyed and the hydrolase enzymes in it are released, leading to the breakdown of cellular components and the death of the cell.

For example, about 80% of the RNA in the cotyledons of broad beans is gradually broken down during the first 30 days of seed germination. However, if the vacuole is destroyed and the ribonuclease is released, the ribosomal RNA can be broken down within a few hours. This means that once the vacuole is destroyed, the hydrolase enzyme is released, which can quickly autolyze the cell.

Regulates the internal environment of the cell, and the filled vacuole can also keep the cell at a certain osmotic pressure.

Features: 1. Regulate osmosis and maintain cell osmotic pressure and turgor pressure 2. Store and digest some metabolites in cells 3. It is conducive to the exchange of gas and nutrients between protoplasts and the outside world.

It has lysosomal functions and plays a role in structural renewal such as organelles; Stores metabolites in cells; It is related to the absorption of water by plant cells; Stores metabolic waste products in cells to reduce damage to cells; The pigments contained in plant organs give a certain color, which can attract pollinators or facilitate seed dispersal; Squeezing the cytoplasm close to the cell wall facilitates the exchange of substances with the outside world.