What kind of monsoon wind is it that affects precipitation in East Africa

The savannah climate of the East African highlands is non-zonal.

It is supposed to be a tropical rainforest climate, but it has a high altitude, low temperatures, weak air convection, weak evaporation, and little precipitation. Hence the formation of a hot grass climate.

The East African highlands have a savannah climate. The reason for the lack of a tropical rainforest climate here is the high altitude, low temperatures, and the lack of hydrothermal conditions for the formation of tropical rainforests in the East African plateau. The year is divided into two periods: the dry season and the rainy season.

The annual light rainfall season begins in early November and does not appear consistent and intense rainfall in the following year.

The transition of drizzle in January and February will be followed by heavy rain that continues into May, with an average of 60 mm. The East African Plateau and the Congo Basin are both near the equator, but the Congo Basin is in the western part of the continent, the terrain is low, and it is under the control of the equatorial depression all year round, blowing southwest winds, high temperature and rain, and becoming a tropical rainforest climate. The East African Plateau is located in the eastern part of the continent, in the northeast of the center of the African thermal low pressure in January, blowing northerly and northeasterly winds with little rainfall; In July, the southwest winds over the Atlantic Ocean crossed the Congo Basin and brought little precipitation to East Africa, so the annual precipitation in the East African plateau was not as high as that in the Congo Basin, and there were periods of significant lack of rainfall.

In addition, the altitude of the East African plateau is relatively high, generally around 1,000 to 1,500 meters, and the temperature is greatly reduced, so the vegetation is dominated by the savannah type with small forests and banded forests, and the tropical rainforest area is very small, and it is only distributed on the low slopes of the humid foothills and the western part of the plateau near the Congo Basin.

East Africa is located in the eastern wind belt of the Southern Hemisphere, which blows water vapor from the Indian Ocean onto the African continent.

It should be from the southwest monsoon in the Indian Ocean.

The source of the Asian winter monsoon is Mongolia and Siberia, and the wind direction is northerly, dry and cold. Make the winter climate dry and cold.

The source of the Asian winter monsoon is Siberia and Mongolia, the wind direction is northerly, cold and dry in nature, the impact on the climate, cooling and humidity.

In July, the pressure belt wind belt moved northward, and the southeast 3 of the southern hemisphere crossed the equator, and was affected by the geostrophic deflection force, forming the southwest monsoon, which affected the coast of the Gulf of Guinea in Africa, intensified the humidity, and expanded the tropical rainforest climate area here.

The west coast of the continent is affected by the westerly wind belt at 30°-40°.

Latitude has a significant impact on the temperature level, generally speaking, the temperature in the low latitude area is higher than the high latitude area, and the movement of the direct sun point does not have a great impact on the temperature, mainly affecting the precipitation.

Yes, this conclusion is very controversial and not many people agree with it.

The direct point of the sun moves, the seasons change, and of course the temperature changes.

The seasons of precipitation in the monsoon region are distinct, with the rainy season being prominent and the dry and wet seasons being obvious. For example, the summer season in the East Asian monsoon region and the rainy season in the South Asian monsoon region.

The precipitation seasons in non-monsoon areas are not distinct, and there is no obvious rainy season and dry season. For example, in a temperate oceanic climate, precipitation is relatively uniform throughout the four seasons.

Monsoon area: Significantly affected by the summer monsoon, precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer;

Non-monsoon areas: not significantly affected by the summer monsoon, or not at all.

The main type of precipitation in eastern China is (frontal rain), which is mainly brought by (summer) winds, and plum rain and drought occur in China (middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River).

Every year (June), the winter and summer winds (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River) are evenly matched, and the rain lasts for a month, which is the season when the (plums) are yellow and ripe, so people also call it the (plum rain) season.

Since East Asia is located in the eastern part of the Eurasian continent, the largest continent, and borders the Pacific Ocean, the largest ocean, the difference in thermal properties between land and sea is very obvious. In winter, the land cools down quickly, the temperature is low, and the air cools and contracts to sink, forming high pressure; The oceans cool slowly, with high temperatures and low air pressure. Under the action of the horizontal pressure gradient force, the wind is always blown from high pressure to low pressure.

Therefore, the winter wind blows from the land to the sea, which is northwesterly, cold and dry. In summer, the land warms up rapidly, the temperature is high, and the air expands and rises by heating, forming low pressure; The ocean warms slowly and the temperature is low, forming a high pressure, and the wind blows from the ocean to the land, which is warm and humid, and it is a southeast wind.

In other words, the pressure and wind belts formed by the three-circle circulation no longer exist in eastern Asia and are replaced by the monsoon circulation, which is controlled by the monsoon circulation.

Because East Asia is close to the Pacific Ocean, it is obviously affected by the difference in thermal properties between land and sea.

There is a lot of precipitation in the wind area, generally above 400 mm; Precipitation is low in non-monsoon areas, generally below 400 mm.

The areas that are obviously affected by summer in China are monsoon areas, and the areas that are not affected by or not obviously affected by summer monsoon are non-monsoon areas. The summer monsoon affecting China includes the southeast monsoon from the Pacific Ocean and the southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean, which brings abundant water vapor and forms abundant precipitation.

The influence of the summer monsoon on China's climate (precipitation) is mainly due to the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation caused by the summer monsoon. When the summer monsoon advances and retreats "abnormally", it will cause drought and flood disasters.