What do Confucius and Mencius have in common in the selection of talents?

Observing the Eyes and Seeing People is excerpted from "Mencius's Proverbs of Life".

Those who exist in people are better than their eyes. The eyes cannot hide their evil. If the chest is right, the eyes will be clear; The chest is not regular, and the eyes are squinting. Listen to his words, look at his eyes, and people are embarrassed?

Translation: There is nothing better to observe a man than to look at his eyes. The eyes cannot hide the ugliness of a person's heart.

When a man is upright in heart, his eyes are bright; If a person's mind is not right, his eyes will be very dark. When listening to a person, look into his eyes, so where can the true thoughts of his heart be hidden?

Confucius said: "The sinister nature of the human heart surpasses the mountains and rivers, and it is more difficult to understand it than to understand the heavens; The spring, summer, autumn and winter of the day and night are still accurate, and the appearance of people is like a thick shell, which deeply conceals the true feelings. Therefore, some are honest in appearance but frivolous in heart, some are like elders in heart and look like unscrupulous, some are round in appearance and direct in heart, some are strict in appearance but very kind in heart, and some are kind in appearance but very fierce in heart.

Therefore those who pursue righteousness are hungry and thirsty, and they abandon it as if they were fleeing from a raging fire.

Mencius's art of knowing people.

Seeing is believing, hearing is false.

Mencius said: The monarch should be cautious in selecting talents, and people close to him should not be gullible when they say that someone is good; If a doctor says someone is good, don't be gullible; People all over the country say that someone is good, and then they go to know him, find out that he is really talented, and then appoint him. Mencius said so much, in fact, it can be summed up in one sentence:

To look at people is to use your own eyes, and to know people is to rely on your own judgment.

If you don't use virtue, you will be delusional.

Mencius regarded "honoring the virtuous and enabling the people" as an important part of realizing "benevolent government".

He hoped that the monarch would be "noble and virtuous" and that "the sages and capable men would be in office." If this is achieved, he will be able to recruit a wide range of talented people and achieve the goal of "king the world."

Mencius said: "Respect the virtuous and empower, and the handsome man is in power, then all the people in the world are happy, and they are willing to stand in their dynasty." The land is open up and the fields are governed, the elderly are respected, and the junjie is in power, and there is a celebration. ”

See the virtuous, and then use it.

Mencius also had many unique insights on how to select and appoint talents. Mencius believed that in selecting and appointing talents, we should be cautious, we should listen to the opinions of the masses extensively, and there should also be a process of investigation, and whether we are promoting or dismissing officials, we should not listen to the opinions of those who are close to us. He said:

The left and right are all virtuous, and they are not available; All the doctors are virtuous, but they can't; The people of the country are all virtuous, and then they are observed; See the virtuous, and then use it. When necessary, it can also break the boundary between respect and inferiority, and use talents exceptionally.

Confucius's understanding has the assumption that there are always two kinds of content in the existence of a thing, one is the external expression, and the other is the internal expression. There is an inevitable relationship between the two.

So. Those who wish to inquire into the heart of man must go through a special understanding. To be able to fully penetrate into the inner being, to have a true grasp of the disposition behind the action and the relationship between things.

They all believe that it is time to choose talented people.

Mencius (372 BC 289 BC), Mingke, Zizi Yu (to be examined, a word Ziche or Ziju). A native of Lu during the Warring States Period, a descendant of Lu Guoqing's father. He was a famous thinker and educator in ancient China, and a representative figure of Confucianism during the Warring States Period.

He is the author of the book Mencius. Mencius inherited and carried forward the ideas of Confucius, and became a generation of Confucian masters second only to Confucius.

Mencius was a Confucian master after Confucius and was known as the "Yasheng".

Mencius (c. 372 BC-289 BC), surnamed Ji, Meng, name Ke, unknown characters (Ziyu, Ziju and other character lists are all from fake books, or made up by later generations), a native of Zou State (now Zoucheng, Shandong) during the Warring States Period. A great thinker, educator, and representative of Confucianism, he is also known as "Confucius and Mencius" along with Confucius.

A master of Confucianism, known as the "Ya Sheng".

Mencius is known as the "sub-sage" second only to Confucius

It's been an afternoon, hahahahahahahaha Haha,

Educational purpose: a gentleman, a wise man and a husband, and a wise man.

Teaching often starts from and revolves around educational purposes. "The purpose of education refers to the general assumption or regulation of the society for the quality specifications of the social individuals that education is intended to produce. "In today's society, educators pay more attention to school education and focus on the constraints of society on people.

Although Confucius and Mencius in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period subjectively expressed their assumptions and regulations on the people to be cultivated, they also reflected the requirements of the society at that time. Both Confucius and Mencius talked about cultivating gentlemen, but the purpose of their education was to reflect their different ideological views more subjectively.

The purpose of Confucius's education was to cultivate a gentleman and a virtuous man who would rule the world. In Confucius's view, "the wise are not confused, the benevolent are not worried, and the brave are not afraid" is a gentleman, and "he is ashamed to do what he is, so that he can do it in all directions, and he does not dishonor the king's life". Zilu asked Confucius what a gentleman was, and Confucius replied:

Cultivate oneself to respect", "cultivate oneself to appease others", "cultivate oneself to appease the people." "Self-cultivation is a gentleman's self-cultivation, and self-cultivation is for governing the country and leveling the world. The gentleman mentioned by Confucius is a virtuous person who governs the world from the level of social needs.

Confucius wanted to change the situation of the world through education, so he needed to cultivate a virtuous gentleman who would rule the world.

Comparatively speaking, Mencius was also in a troubled era when there was no way in the world. He also advocated cultivating gentlemen, but what he admired most was a husband who had heaven and earth and righteousness. Mencius paid more attention to an inner cultivation, "I am not from the outside, but I am also inherent."

He pays more attention to a kind of internal thinking and character, a kind of personality cultivation. In addition, Mencius believed that "learning is the same for three generations, and all of them are enlightened." "The purpose of Mencius's education was to cultivate a gentleman who was wise and virtuous, while the purpose of Confucius's education was to cultivate a virtuous gentleman who ruled the world.

Mencius did not advocate governing the world, he also said, "If you want to rule the world peacefully, who can do it in today's world?" Like Confucius, he advocated the doctrine of benevolence, and traveled from country to country to proclaim his own ideas. Confucius's exposition is from the aspect of social needs and governing the world, focusing on the requirements of society, while Mencius pays attention to the internal development, and stipulates the external social requirements into an internal spiritual self-cultivation.

Kong said to be benevolent, Meng said to take righteousness, but its righteousness is exhausted, so benevolence is to the end.

Later generations posthumously named Mencius as "Ya Shenggong" and honored him as "Ya Sheng".

Shixian - Li Bai.

The poetry imagination is rich and peculiar, the style is vigorous and unrestrained, the colors are gorgeous, and the language is fresh and natural, and it is known as the "poetic fairy".

Poetry saint--Du Fu.

His poems are closely related to current affairs and have deep thoughts. The realm is vast, and people are called "poets".

Shihao--Liu Yuxi.

His poems are calm and dignified, the style is natural and rough, and Bai Juyi gave him the reputation of "poet".

Poetry Devil - Bai Juyi.

Bai Juyi writes poems very hard, as he himself said: "Drunken madness leads poetry to the devil, and the noon sorrow goes to the west." "Excessive reading and writing has reached the point of sores on the mouth and tongue and calluses on the fingers. That's why people call it "poetry demons".

Confucius – a sage.

Mencius - Yasheng.

Confucius and Mencius are also called: Confucius and Mencius.

1) Confucius and Mencius are generally said to be after the Tang Dynasty, and before that, there were Zhou Kong, Kong Yan. Because Mencius's status was not very high before the Song Dynasty, Confucius and Mencius also said that one recognized Mencius's status, and the other was the Taoist statement, because Xunzi's influence was relatively large before that.

2) Because Mencius's thoughts and propositions are based on Confucius's thoughts and propositions, the ideas and propositions that Mencius studied are also Confucius's, and Mencius once again carried forward his own thoughts and propositions on Confucius's thoughts and propositions, Mencius's thoughts and propositions also had a great influence, Confucius respected as a sage, and Mencius was a sub-sage, so it is called Confucius and Mencius.

3) Confucius and Mencius are both representatives of Confucianism, and the core of Mencius's political thought is "benevolent government", and the doctrine of "benevolent government" is the inheritance and development of Confucius's "benevolent learning" thought. Confucius's "benevolence" is a kind of ethical and moral concept with a wide range of meanings, and its most basic spirit is "loving others". Mencius started from Confucius's idea of "benevolence" and expanded it into a program of governance that includes ideology, politics, economy, culture and other aspects, that is, "benevolent government".

The basic spirit of "benevolent government" is also to have deep sympathy and love for the people.

Later, people called Confucius a "sage" and Mencius a "sub-sage".

Summary. Hello dear, Mencius believed that the result of cultivating talents is to be motivated and forbearing, and Zeng benefited from what he could not.

What did Mencius think was the result of cultivating talents.

Hello dear, Mencius believed that the result of cultivating talents is to be motivated and forbearing, and Zeng benefited from what he could not.

In this way, it motivates his mind, makes him stoic, and increases his abilities that he does not possess.

In "Born in Sorrow, Died in Peace", Mencius believed that the objective condition for cultivating talents is to "suffer their minds, strain their muscles and bones, starve their bodies and skins, empty their bodies, and act chaotically". The subjective condition for cultivating talents is that "people are permanent, and then they can change; Trapped in the heart, balanced in the worry, and then done; Signified in color, issued in sound, and then metaphor. ”。

Born in Sorrow, Died in Peace" is an excerpt from Mencius, under the Confession, which is a well-argued, eloquent and powerful prose of reasoning. The author first cites the examples of six people who have been tempered by poverty and frustration and finally taken on great responsibilities, proving that adversity can motivate people to work hard, and hardships can motivate people to achieve new things. Then, from the two different perspectives of a person's development and the rise and fall of a country, the author further argues the truth that if you are in trouble, you will be born and if you are happy, you will die.

As the most important representative of Confucianism after Confucius, Mencius developed Confucius's "benevolence" into the doctrine of "benevolent government", put forward the idea of "the people are noble and the monarch is light", and advocated that the monarch should practice "benevolent government" and "enjoy together" with the people. Mencius's ideological doctrine is the work Mencius. Mencius records Mencius's words and deeds and is a dialogical work.

Its distinctive features are vigorous, eloquent and colorful; Second, he is good at using typical examples, parables and fables to illustrate things.