The basic characteristics of modern history are .

I think c d is unlikely, the answer should be between a b.

Personally, I'm more biased towards B. Because China's modern history is a history of humiliation. From 1840 to 1919, due to the backwardness and corruption of the Qing Dynasty.

It has been invaded repeatedly by foreign capitalist powers, and each invasion has always been accompanied by resistance. China's modern times have basically been spent in invasions--- resistances--- failed resistances by foreign powers. So modern history is humiliating, and it should be characterized by invasion and resistance.

For the downstairs, let me add. There are two distinctions between modern history and modern history. One is that modern Chinese history refers to the period from 1840 to 1919, while the period from 1919 to 1949 is the modern history of China, and the period after 1949 is the contemporary history of China.

The other is the modern history from 1840 to 1949, and the modern history is from 14949 to the present. The two distinctions are divided from different perspectives.

b. China's modern history is mainly about national struggle and resistance to oppression, and the overthrow of the three mountains.

First, the capitalist-imperialist invading forces have not only gradually manipulated China's financial and economic lifelines, but also gradually controlled China's politics, becoming increasingly the decisive force dominating China.

Second, China's feudal forces are declining day by day and colluding with foreign invading forces, becoming the social foundation and ruling pillar of capital-imperialist oppression and enslavement of the Chinese people.

Third, although China's natural economic foundation has been destroyed, the land ownership system of feudal landlords, the foundation of the feudal exploitation system, is still maintained in a vast area, which has become a serious obstacle to China's modernization and democratization.

Fourth, although China's emerging national capitalist economy has emerged and played a certain role in political and cultural life, under the oppression of imperialist feudalism, its development is very slow and its strength is very weak, and most of it is more or less connected with foreign capital, imperialism and domestic feudalism.

Fifth, because modern China was under the contention and indirect rule of the capitalist-imperialist powers, the economic, political, and cultural development of various regions in modern China was extremely unbalanced, and China was in a state of disunity for a long time.

Sixth, under the dual oppression of capital, imperialism and feudalism, the broad masses of the Chinese people, especially the peasants, have become increasingly impoverished and bankrupt in large numbers, living a life of hunger and cold and without political power.