What nutrients do people need, and what nutrients does the human body need

Carbohydrates (sugars), fats, proteins, vitamins, water and inorganic salts (minerals) are the six major nutrients needed by the human body, and the first three produce energy after metabolism in the body, so they are also called energy-producing nutrients.

The main role is the composition of the body, providing energy. The six major nutrients come from eight major food groups: cereals, eggs, milk, roots, meat, fish, shrimp and shellfish, beans and dried fruits, vegetables and fruits.

The substances in food that have the function of nourishing the human body are called "nutrients", which include six categories: hunger proteins, sugars (i.e., carbohydrates), minerals (i.e., inorganic salts), vitamins and water.

Proteins, lipids, and sugars are called macronutrients because they are required in large quantities and are obtained in larger amounts from food every day. Minerals and vitamins are required in relatively small quantities and are obtained in smaller amounts from food each day and are known as micronutrients.

Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, sulfur, chlorine, and magnesium in minerals are more abundant in the human body, called macro elements, and there are 8 kinds of minerals that are less abundant in the human body, called trace elements, such as iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, etc.

Energy and various nutrients are necessary to sustain life and are indispensable!

Our human body needs to consume certain nutrients every day to maintain the normal operation of the body, and some elements must be ingested every day, so what are the essential nutrients for the human body? What nutrients do you need to supplement to meet the normal operation of the body? Let's take a look.

What are the essential nutrients for the human body?

1. Water. Water is the source of life and the foundation of human existence. Our body's material metabolism and physiological activities are inseparable from the participation of water, so it is necessary to maintain an appropriate amount of water intake every day. In addition, water plays a large role in maintaining the stability of the temperature of living organisms.

2. Carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates are the main nutrients that provide energy for the body, it exists widely, and most foods contain a certain amount of carbohydrates, such as rice, noodles, beans, and various grains, which are rich in carbohydrates. In addition to energy, carbohydrates also promote the metabolism of other nutrients and maintain the body's metabolic balance.

3. Protein.

Protein is an indispensable substance for maintaining our body, we must know that human tissues and organs are composed of cells, and the main component of cells is protein, which can see how important protein is in our body. The growth of the body, the repair of tissues, and the biochemical reactions of various enzymes and hormones are also inseparable from protein, so the diet is accompanied by protein-rich foods.

4. Fat. Many people hate fat, especially obese people, but did you know that fat is one of the essential nutrients for our body, and it is the main nutrient for storing and supplying energy? We need to consume a certain amount of fat every day to keep warm and insulated, and protect the healthy operation of internal organs, joints, and various tissues.

5. Vitamins.

Most of the growth and physiological functions of the human body are inseparable from the role of vitamins, which play a major role in the human body. Of course, there are many types of vitamins, including A, D, E, K, B, C, etc., and some vitamin categories are easy to destroy, and some cannot be stored in the body, so the daily diet should be supplemented with sufficient vitamins.

6. Minerals.

Minerals are the main components of the human body, and we need to consume an appropriate amount of mineral elements every day, including potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, etc., different elements have their important, unique and irreplaceable effects. Minerals have important physiological functions, such as the components that make up enzymes, maintain the normal osmotic pressure of the body, and so on.

7. Dietary fiber.

Dietary fiber is generally divided into soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber. General dietary fiber has the effect of strong adsorption and elimination of harmful substances from the human body, which helps intestinal health and is an essential nutrient balance for the human body. It has a unique molecular structure and cannot be directly digested by the human body, but it can adsorb harmful substances from the body and excrete them to promote good health.

The above is about the seven nutrients that people need every day, and I hope you will pay attention to the above nutrients when eating together.

What are the types of nutrients in the human body?

Some of the nutrients needed for human life activities are digested and decomposed into small molecule monomers through the absorbed nutrients, and then transformed and synthesized into biochemical substances needed by the human body. However, there are some small molecule substances that the human body cannot synthesize, or the synthesis speed is too slow, can not meet the needs of the body, and must be supplied by the outside world, such small molecule substances are called "essential nutrients".

Essential nutrients include the following 5 categories:

1) Essential amino acids.

There are more than 20 kinds of amino acids that make up proteins, 8 of which are necessary for the human body and cannot be synthesized in the body, which are called essential amino acids. They are isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, lysine, and valine. Arginine is also an essential amino acid for children.

2) Essential fatty acids.

There is only one type of essential fatty acid, linoleic acid. It is also believed that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are also essential fatty acids, but both can be synthesized from linoleic acid through biochemical reactions in the body, and are generally not considered essential fatty acids.

3) Vitamins.

Vitamins are generally not synthesized in the body and need to be ingested through food, which are essential nutrients. Includes 4 fat-soluble vitamins: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K; 9 water-soluble vitamins:

Vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, niacin, and vitamin C.

4) Inorganic salts.

There are 21 essential mineral elements for the human body, including 7 macro elements: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur; 14 trace elements: iron, copper, zinc, vanadium, cobalt, chromium, fluorine, iodine, selenium, silicon.

5) Water. At present, there are a total of 44 kinds of essential nutrients confirmed by scientific research, they are all small molecule substances, the human body has a certain amount of daily needs, they have different physiological functions in the body, and insufficient intake of the human body will produce a nutrient deficiency sexual dysfunction or disease. Therefore, essential nutrients have become the focus of nutrition research, and they are also the priority objects in the development of health foods.

With the deepening of scientific research, people are still discovering some new essential nutrients that are indispensable to the human body but must be ingested from the outside world, such as organic germanium, flavonoids, etc., but more adequate research is needed to determine.

It seems like a lot, but in fact, as long as we eat in a balanced manner and don't be picky eaters, we can basically meet our needs.

Some say that the human body needs 6 major categories of nutrients, while others say that it needs 7 major categories of nutrients.

Isn't there a universal answer?

Vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats, water.

There are seven categories, and they are:

1) Protein.

2) Lipids, including fats and cholesterol, etc.

3) Carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

4) vitamins, including fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A and E; Water-soluble vitamins, such as B vitamins, vitamin C, etc.

5) Inorganic salts and trace elements, including inorganic salts, such as calcium, phosphorus, etc.; Trace elements, such as zinc, chromium, etc.

6) Dietary fiber.

7) Water.

A: There are seven categories of nutrients that the human body needs: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, inorganic salts, water and dietary fiber.

The seven nutrients can play three physiological roles in the human body: one is as an energy substance, providing the energy (mainly proteins, carbohydrates and fats) required by the human body; The second is as a "building" material for the human body. The main energy that supplies the human body is protein

The third is as a regulatory substance to regulate the physiological functions of the human body, mainly vitamins, inorganic salts and cellulose. These nutrients are distributed in a variety of foods and can be obtained as long as you can eat widely.