Prevention and control measures of cucumber virus disease, what are the symptoms of cucumber virus d

Agricultural control. 1. Choose disease-resistant varieties. Leave seeds on disease-free areas or disease-free plants.

Soak seeds in 55 warm soup for 40 minutes before sowing; Or treat the seeds at a constant temperature of 70 for 72 hours. Apply enough organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Proper watering to increase field humidity; timely control of aphids; Clean the countryside in a timely manner.

2. Strengthen management: use shade nets to cool down and shade seedlings, and stay away from diseased crops. Cultivate strong seedlings, timely top dressing (apply enough organic fertilizer, base fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer), watering, and prevent premature senescence of plants.

In pruning, tying vines, and picking melons, it is necessary to first "healthy" and then "sick", and work in batches. Hands and tools that have been in contact with diseased plants should be washed with soapy water or treated with liquid medicine. Remove weeds in the field, eliminate the source of poison, and cut off the route of transmission.

3. Prevention and control of aphids and other stinging and sucking pests: timely prevention and control of vector insects that spread viral diseases: In the early stage of the occurrence of aphids, whiteflies and thrips, timely use drugs to prevent the spread of viruses.

Physical anti-aphid – cover with silver-gray aphid-repellent screen or hang silver-gray nylon membrane strips to avoid aphids, or make a yellow board to trap aphids (hang yellow wood or cardboard in the shed and apply oil to it to absorb aphids and stick them).

2) Cultivate strong seedlings, planting in a timely manner, generally after the local late frost, that is, should be planted, and the protected land can be appropriately early.

3) Formula fertilization to strengthen management.

4) Strengthen agricultural operations, find that the central diseased plants are uprooted in time, and pay attention to cleaning when collecting seeds to prevent seeds from being poisonous.

5) Shoot branches, tie vines, pollination, harvesting and other agricultural operations to reduce plant collision, reduce root damage during tillage, watering should be timely and appropriate, to prevent the soil from being too dry.

According to the specific requirements, it should be used before the middle term, sprayed three times, and there was no major epidemic and no virus disease in one season. It's been used for more than 20 years.

Symptoms: 1. The seedlings are susceptible, the cotyledons turn yellow and wilt, the young leaves are dark and light green flowers, and the plants are dwarfed.

2. Adult plant stage susceptible, the new leaves are yellow and green flowering leaves, the diseased leaves are small, shriveled, and the leaves become hard and brittle when they are serious, and there are often angular auspicious necrotic spots, clustered leaflets.

3. The surface of the diseased fruit appears dark and light green inlaid with spots, uneven or deformed, and the growth of the banquet is stopped, and the internodes of the diseased plant are shortened in severe cases, and the melons are not formed, and they shrink and die.

4. Thick green ridges and wrinkles appear along the veins of the new leaves, the leaf shape becomes smaller, fern leaves, lobes appear, and sometimes necrosis occurs along the veins.

Prevention and control measures: 1. Choose disease-resistant varieties.

2. Leave seeds on disease-free areas or disease-free plants.

3. Soak the seeds in 55 warm soup for 40 minutes before sowing, or treat the seeds at a constant temperature of 70 for 72 hours.

4. Appropriate watering, increase field humidity, timely control of aphids, and timely cleaning of the countryside.

5. When raising seedlings, use shade nets to reduce the temperature and shade the light, and stay away from diseased crops.

Viral diseases are not evenly distributed in the field, and there are often central diseased plants, or the distribution of diseased plants is scattered, and the disease occurs first in many places, even if it is adjacent to each other, there are healthy plants and diseased plants; Physiological diseases, on the other hand, tend to be distributed in sheets and strips, and the symptoms are consistent and occur at the same time. You can also use sunlight to disinfect the soil at high temperatures, and thoroughly water the diseased farmland in summer to promote sclerotial rot; Before cucumber planting, 50% Pythium or iprodione visible powder per mu was mixed with 20kg of sieved fine soil, stirred evenly and raked in the soil;

Crop rotation deep ploughing: In conditional plots, it is best to implement 2-3 years of rotation with gramineous crops, cucumbers cultivated in protected areas, vegetables should be deeply cultivated after seedlings are pulled, and the pathogens will be buried deep under the soil, so that they can not germinate normally and produce ascomycetes. Cucumber requires 60% 90% relative humidity in the air and 60% 90% in the soil.

However, each growth stage of cucumber is different, with a relative humidity of 60% to 70% at germination, seedling and early flowering, and 80%-90% at flowering and fruiting.

If sclerotiniostobacle cysts or diseased residues at the affected site fall on the cucumber leaves at will, the cucumber leaves can be harmed. In the early stage of the disease, irregular yellow-brown lesions are formed on the leaves, and then spread to the center of the leaves, the leaf edges are mostly black-brown, and the back of the leaves gradually turns light gray, which can also harm the stems and leaves, and can occur from cucumber seedling stage to adult plant stage. Stem infection, the disease site is mainly at the base of the stem and the stem branch, the initial occurrence of water-soaked spots, after the expansion of light brown, the diseased stem soft rot longitudinal crack, the stem above the diseased part of the stem and leaves withered and died.

Before sowing to sterilize the seeds, you can put the seeds in 55 warm water, soak for 15 minutes, the ratio of water and seeds is 4:1, take a tool to stir in the water when soaking, if you are afraid that the water temperature will drop, you can add warm water halfway. When it is time to soak, the temperature can drop naturally, and the interval is 5 days; or 300 450 times liquid spray of 2% amino-oligosaccharide aqueous solution, with an interval of 7 10 days; or 5% bacterial poison water agent 250 300 times liquid spray, with an interval of 7 days; or 3% triazole riboside aqueous agent 900 1200 times liquid spray.

1. Choose disease-resistant varieties. 2. Strengthen management: cultivate strong seedlings, timely top dressing (apply enough organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer), watering, and prevent premature plant aging.

In pruning, tying vines, and picking melons, it is necessary to first "healthy" and then "sick", and work in batches. Hands and tools that have been in contact with diseased plants should be washed with soapy water or treated with liquid medicine. Remove weeds in the field, eliminate the source of poison, and cut off the route of transmission.

3.Control of stinging and sucking pests such as aphids: physical aphid control - cover with silver-gray aphid-repellent screen or hang silver-gray nylon membrane strips to avoid aphids, or carry out yellow board aphid trapping (hanging yellow wood or cardboard in the shed and applying engine oil to absorb aphids and stick them).

Cucumber physiological diseases are mostly caused by unreasonable farming, cultivation, management and unsuitable environmental conditions of growers, as well as toxic substances that cause abnormal plant growth. Although this type of disease is not contagious, it often occurs in patches and has a great impact on cucumber production. The symptom identification and prevention methods of common physiological diseases in cucumber production are introduced as follows

1. Cucumber high temperature obstacle 1Symptoms: After the cucumber in the solar greenhouse enters April, as the temperature gradually rises, the temperature in the shed can sometimes be as high as 40-5o in the case of untimely ventilation or poor ventilation, which seriously affects the growth and development of cucumber.

2.**: The temperature in the greenhouse is higher than 40, and the soil moisture content is low, in this case, the plant growth is accelerated, which is easy to cause overgrowth.

3.Control methods: select cucumber varieties with high temperature resistance; Strengthen the ventilation of the solar greenhouse, so that the temperature in the shed is kept below 30 during the day, about 18 at night, and the relative humidity is lower than 85; It is best to choose 8-10 a.m. for watering, and do not water at night or on cloudy days; Formula fertilization technology is adopted, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are appropriately increased, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0 5 urea can also be sprayed on the foliar surface, sprayed 1 time in 5-7 days, and sprayed 3 times in a row; In the event of continuous high temperature or dry weather, the cucumber evaporation in the shed is large, and the respiration is vigorous, so the watering frequency and amount should be increased appropriately according to the situation.

2. Cucumber physiological wilting 1Symptoms: From the early stage of melon picking to the peak period, the growth and development of the plant has been normal, sometimes at noon on a sunny day, the symptoms of acute wilting and wilting suddenly appear, and gradually recover at night, so that after several days, the plant can not recover and finally die, there is no abnormality from the appearance, the diseased stem is cut, and the catheter is not diseased.

2.**: Cucumber physiological wilting is mainly due to too much watering too often, resulting in too high water content in the soil, resulting in root suffocation, and at the same time producing toxic substances in the soil, so that root poisoning causes disease.

3.Control methods: select heat-resistant varieties; The watering in the shed should be observed frequently, and the amount and frequency of watering should be adjusted in a timely manner.

3. Cucumber burnt edge leaves 1Symptoms: Mainly appear on the middle leaves, the affected leaves initially appear in part or most of the leaf margins and the entire leaf margins dry edges, the dry edges reach 2-4 mm deep in the leaves, and in severe cases, the leaf margins are dry or curled.

2.**: First, the shed is suddenly released under high temperature and high humidity conditions, resulting in excessive water loss of the leaves; Second, when spraying insecticides or fungicides, the concentration of the drug is excessive or the liquid is excessive, which gathers on the leaf edge and causes chemical damage.

3.Prevention and control methods: the shed should be ventilated, and it should be slowly and appropriately ventilated according to the actual situation; Adopt formula fertilization technology; When using insecticides and fungicides, scientific and rational use of drugs should be achieved.

Fourth, cucumber leaf burn disease 1Symptoms: It mostly occurs in the middle and upper leaves of the plant, especially the leaves close to or touching the greenhouse film are more serious, the chlorophyll decreases in the early stage of leaf burning, and part of the leaves becomes bleached, and then turns yellow and dies.

Leaf burns are mild, and half or the whole leaf is burned. 2.**：

Leaf burning is a physiological disease caused by high temperature, cucumber has a strong tolerance to high temperature, and 32-35 will not cause damage to the leaves.

The soil should be kept at a good humidity, and fertilizer should be carried out properly, some weeds should be removed, and seedlings should be tipped properly, so that cucumbers can be exposed to more sunlight, and some pesticides can be sprayed.

To observe the growth of cucumbers, once you see other things on the leaves of cucumbers, you should fertilize them in time, and you can carry out foliar fertilization to ** pests and diseases.

(1) Symptoms of harm. After the virus emerges, it appears as a shrunken type on cucumber seedlings. The young leaves of the diseased plant are unevenly mottled with light green at first, and then develop into dark green flowers and leaves.

The diseased leaves shrink and become smaller, and have a tendency to thicken and roll downward. The internodes become shorter and thicker, the plants become shorter, the stems are slender, and the whole canopy melon seedlings are not neat. In the later stage of the disease, the lower leaves gradually yellowed and died.

Mild diseased plants generally bear melons normally, but the fruit surface is mostly mottled with green. Seriously diseased plants produce deformed melons or do not produce melons. When the disease is severe, there are no normal plants in the whole shed.

2) Prevention and control technology. Agricultural prevention and control is the mainstay. 1000 times of 10% Ningnanmycin soluble powder can be used to spray, with an interval of 5 days; or 300 450 times liquid spray of 2% amino-oligosaccharide aqueous solution, with an interval of 7 10 days; or 5% bacterial poison water agent 250 300 times liquid spray, with an interval of 7 days; or 3% triazole riboside aqueous solution 900 1200 times liquid spray, with an interval of 7 to 15 days.

Cucumber BAI virus disease is one of the most serious diseases that can be encountered throughout the growth cycle of cucumber

First, insect pests

Comprehensive control of cucumber wilt.

In recent years, cucumber wilt has occurred severely, with an incidence rate of 10 30 in the field. Cucumbers in greenhouses are more seriously damaged, often causing the whole plant to die and the yield to be greatly reduced. Comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control production.

Blight disease will occur from cucumber seedling stage to fruiting stage, and the disease is the most serious at flowering and fruiting stage. The leaves of the victim plant wilted and drooped at noon, recovered in the morning and evening, and the whole plant died in severe cases. The base of the main vine is slightly shrunk and longitudinally cracked, and when the humidity is high, white or pink mold appears on the surface of the diseased part, and the roots are rotten and easy to pull up. Fields with water accumulation, wet soil, drought or rain and sunny weather, continuous cropping or heavy soil are prone to disease, and the disease is severe when seedlings are aging, insufficient fertilization, and partial nitrogen fertilizer application.

Agricultural control According to the local conditions, Zhongnong No. 5, Zhongnong No. 7, Zhongnong No. 8, Shannong No. 1, Zaofeng No. 2, Zaoqing No. 2, Jinchun No. 3, Ludi No. 3 and other varieties resistant to Fusarium wilt were selected. Soak the seeds in 60 water for 10 minutes before sowing, and mix the seeds with 50 carbendazim wettable powder with a seed weight of 0 1. Choose sandy soil with high terrain and good drainage for planting, and implement crop rotation with non-melon vegetables for more than 3 years.

When sowing, 50 carbendazim wettable powder or 70 methyl tobuzin wettable powder or 95 dixone soluble powder 1 25 kg per mu were used to prepare medicinal soil in the ratio of 1 100 and then sprinkled on the bed surface. Before transplanting, the same amount of 70 methyl tobuzin and 50 fumebi were mixed with 50 times of fine soil to form medicinal soil, and then applied to the planting hole or planting ditch, and the control effect was better than that of root irrigation. If the diseased plants are found to be pulled out in time, they should be taken out of the field and buried deeply, and at the same time, 20 lime milk or 40 dysenammonium water solution 400 times liquid should be poured into the diseased hole and around the soil to disinfect the soil to reduce the source of bacteria.

In the field of mild disease, the high temperature can be stuffy in the summer to eliminate the wilt fungus. 50 100 kg of lime and 500 kg of crushed straw were sprinkled per mu, and after turning into 60 cm deep soil, a ridge of 30 35 cm high was made, the ditch was filled with water, and the shed was stuffed for 10 days after covering the mulch. Keep the ditch full of water during the shutting period.

In the early stage of the disease, the garlic is mashed and soaked in 20 times water for half an hour, and the filtrate is sprayed; Or use 10 more antimycin wettable powder 1000 times liquid, Ruizinc mixture 1400 times liquid, 50 carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid, etc., spray once every 7 8 days, a total of 3 sprays. When the dew is not dry in the morning, sprinkle lime and plant ash mixed powder, and use 40 anti-drying, 70 methyl tobuzin wettable powder, 45 dysenammonium water 1000 times solution, 95 dixone soluble powder 750 times solution, 10 double effect spirit water agent 300 times liquid and other root irrigation, each plant irrigated 250 500 ml, irrigated once every 7 10 days, a total of 2 3 times. During the flowering and fruit setting period, 500 grams of 90 crystal trichlorfon plus 50 grams of Tobuzin wettable powder or 50 carbendazim wettable powder 500 grams per mu, add 60 kg of water to irrigate the roots, irrigate 200 ml per plant, irrigate once every 7 10 days, and irrigate 2 times in a row to control the development of the disease.