Urgent! Help recommend a book about the history of cement and cement manufacturing

In 1756, the English engineer JWhen studying the properties of certain limes to harden in water, Smiton found that to obtain hydraulic lime, limestone containing clay must be used for firing; The ideal composition of masonry mortar for underwater construction is hydraulic lime and volcanic ash.

This important discovery laid a theoretical foundation for the research and development of modern cement.

In 1796, the Englishman JParker fired a type of cement out of marl, which had a brown appearance, much like a mixture of lime and volcanic ash from ancient Roman times, and was named Roman cement. Because it is made of natural marl as raw material and fired directly without ingredients, it is also known as natural cement.

It has good hydraulic hardness and fast setting characteristics, and is especially suitable for projects in contact with water.

In 1813, the French civil engineer Picat discovered that cement made from a three-to-one mixture of lime and clay had the best performance.

In 1824, Joseph Aspdin, an English construction worker, invented cement and patented Portland cement. He used limestone and clay as raw materials, combined in a certain proportion, calcined the mature material in a vertical kiln similar to burnt lime, and then grinded it to make cement. It was named Portland Cement because its hardened color was similar to the stone used for construction in Portland, England Island.

It has excellent architectural performance and is of epoch-making significance in the history of cement.

In 1907, Bée in France used bauxite from aluminum ore instead of clay and mixed limestone to make cement. Because this cement contains a large amount of alumina, it is called "bauxite cement".

In 1871, the construction of a cement plant began in Japan.

In 1877, Crampton of England invented the rotary furnace, which was reformed into a better rotary furnace by Lansom in 1885.

In 1889, near the Kaiping Coal Mine in Tangshan, Hebei Province, China, a Tangshan "Fine Cotton" Plant was set up to produce with vertical kilns. In 1906, on the basis of the plant, Qixin Ash Company was established, with an annual output of 40,000 tons of cement.

In 1893, Hideyuki Endo and Misada Utsumi invented Portland cement, which was not afraid of seawater.

In the 20th century, while continuously improving the performance of Portland cement, people successfully developed a number of cements suitable for special construction projects, such as high-alumina cement, special cement, etc. There are more than 100 types of cement in the world, and the annual output of cement in 2007 was about 2 billion tons. In 1952, China formulated the first national unified standard, which determined that cement production should be based on the principle of multiple varieties and multiple labels, and renamed Portland cement according to the main mineral composition it contained, and later changed to Portland cement.

In 2012, China's cement output reached 100 million tons, accounting for more than 50% of the world's output.

Q&A on Cement Production

Introduction Based on the four national occupational standards of the cement industry, and in accordance with the cement production process, the Q&A on cement production comprehensively introduces the basic knowledge, operation methods, common problems and solutions of cement production technology. There are 1232 questions in the book, which are highly pertinent and rich in content, and more than 200 appendices provide a large number of practical information and materials such as production data, product indicators and instrument and equipment indicators in the form of **, which is convenient for readers to check and use. "Cement Production Q&A" can be read by technicians and front-line operators of cement production enterprises, and can also be used as a reference for students of related majors in colleges and universities.

Outline of Knowledge of Modern Cement Production

This book comprehensively describes the history of the development of China's cement industry, and in order to objectively comment on the history of China's cement, the author of La Zheng places the development process of China's cement industry in the process of China's modern social history and the development history of nuclear cement in the world, focusing on the relevance and inheritance of history, as well as historical experience.

What is Cement? Cement is a kind of hydraulic cementitious material that is mixed with water to synthesize a plastic slurry that cementes sand, stone and other materials together, and can be hardened in air and continue to harden in water. Non-hydraulic cementitious materials can only be hardened in air, not in water, such as lime, gypsum acid-resistant cementitious materials, etc.

To study the history of cement, we must start with cementitious materials.

As early as 2000-3000 B.C., people began to use non-hydraulic cementitious materials. The pyramids of ancient Egypt were built with calcined gypsum cement, and the Great Wall of China was built with lime cementitious materials.

At the beginning of the Common Era, the ancient Greeks and Romans began to use lime mortar, which is hydraulically hard due to volcanic ash, to build buildings. In ancient buildings in China, a large number of "sanhe soil" is a kind of lime volcanic ash water hard cementitious material.

With the development of society, there is a need for cementitious materials with high strength. In 1756, hydraulic lime appeared, and in 1796, Roman cement appeared, both of which were made by calcining clayey limestone with an appropriate amount of clay, and on this basis, it was developed to calcined and ground natural cement made of natural cement rock (limestone with a clay content of 20-25%).

Due to the limited reserves of natural cement rock, at the beginning of the 19th century (1810-1825), there was a hydraulic cementitious material that used artificial ingredients to mix the fine powder of limestone and clay together in a certain proportion, sintered into a block (clinker) in a furnace similar to a lime kiln, and then grinded. 1824 English plasterer JAsproyan set up a factory to manufacture cement successfully, and obtained a patent, because the color of this cement is similar to the building rock in Portland City, England, so it is called Portland cement (called Portland cement in China).

After the advent of Portland cement, it has become more and more widely used. At the beginning, it was an intermittent earthen vertical kiln, a rotary kiln appeared in 1885, a vertical kiln realized mechanized production in 1910, a vertical kiln appeared in 1928, a suspension preheater technology was applied in 1950, and an external decomposition technology of cement kiln was developed in 1971, which was a major breakthrough in cement production technology, and soon appeared many pre-decomposition technologies with their own characteristics. At the same time, the production technology and equipment of raw meal preparation and cement grinding have also developed simultaneously, which has significantly improved the quality of clinker produced by dry process, and great progress has been made in energy saving, and the dry process has gradually replaced the traditional wet and semi-dry production.

At present, the backward production technology and high energy consumption of production equipment are basically eliminated, new technology, new technology and computer control have been widely used, the new dry cement production technology has developed rapidly, and can effectively use all kinds of industrial waste residue, eliminate or degrade all kinds of hazardous waste and domestic waste, so that cement production to environmental protection, energy saving and sustainable development.

Note: Some of the information is taken from "Cement Technology".

Wang Yanmou, male, born in November 1932, is a native of Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province.

In 1956, he graduated from Nanjing Institute of Technology (now Southeast University) with a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering, and at the end of 1958, he went to the Leningrad Institute of Construction and Engineering in the Soviet Union (now St. Petersburg University of Architecture and Architecture in Russia) to study abroad, and in 1962, he received a doctorate degree in technical science from the USSR (equivalent to a doctor of philosophy in the United States).

After graduating from university, he worked in the China Institute of Building Materials Science, and returned to the Institute after returning from studying in the Soviet Union, and successively served as the head of the cement process room, the head of the cement research institute, the vice president and the dean, and obtained the titles of engineer and senior engineer. In 1982, he was transferred to the State Building Materials Industry Bureau, and successively served as deputy director and director.

He used to be a member of the 8th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the chairman of the 5th Council of the Chinese Ceramic Society, and the first member of the State Building Materials Industry Bureau.

Chairman of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Science and Technology Committees.

During his work in China Building Materials Research Institute, he participated in the trial production of dam cement; presided over the study of cement retarding mechanism in oil wells; guide the research and development of sulfoaluminate cement, iron-aluminate cement and glass fiber reinforced cement; He is in charge of the cement precalciner test project. From 1978 to 1979, he was seconded to the State Building Materials Administration as the head of the introduction office, and organized the introduction of new dry complete sets of foreign clinker cement with a daily output of 4,000 tons for the construction of Jidong Cement Plant and Ningguo Cement Plant.

During his work in the State Building Materials Bureau, he presided over the research, formulation and organization of the implementation of China's building materials industry technology policy; Decided to build new technology demonstration production lines for major building materials products such as new dry cement method, glass float method, automatic assembly line of building ceramics and glass fiber 10,000-ton pool kiln wire drawing; lead the formulation and implementation of the building materials industry "export, energy saving, adjustment" development policy; advocating and initiating the innovation of wall materials and building energy efficiency; Focus on promoting the development of new dry process of cement pre-calcining kiln, decide to introduce patented technology for the design and manufacture of new dry process equipment for cement, and propose and lead the implementation of cement T-type development strategy; In accordance with the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, we will actively promote the reform of national key large and medium-sized building materials enterprises.

In 1994, after stepping down as the director of the State Building Materials Industry Bureau, he served as an advisor to the Expert Committee of China International Engineering Consulting Corporation, a special consultant of the China Investment Association, an honorary president of the China Building Materials Association and a senior consultant of the China Cement Association, and continued to help the reform and development of building materials enterprises.

Participated in the trial production of dam cement and won the National Science and Technology Conference Award; He presided over the research on the cement retarding mechanism of oil wells, and won the Science and Technology Conference Award of the Ministry of Building Materials; Guided the research and development of iron-aluminate cement and won the second prize of the National Invention Award; He presided over the research and formulation of China's building materials industry technology policy, achieved remarkable results, and won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.

He is the author of "Introduction to China's Building Materials Industry"; Co-author of "Sulfoaluminate Cement"; Edited "China Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement"; Editor-in-chief of Contemporary China's Building Materials Industry; Editor-in-chief of "Entrepreneurs of New China's Building Materials Industry".