What is the development of genre painting in the Song Dynasty?

Some famous painting treatises of the Song Dynasty mostly classify paintings according to their subject matter, such as "Xuanhe Painting Spectrum" and "Pictures and Stories", which are divided into painting disciplines such as Figure Gate, Landscape Gate, Flower and Bird Gate, and Small Scene Miscellaneous Painting Gate. The greatest influence on ancient Chinese ink painting was the painting system of "literati playing with ink" that began in the Song Dynasty, which gradually formed a powerful mainstream system after the Song Dynasty, which dominated the development of Chinese painting, and is commonly known as "literati painting" in modern times. Regarding the general issue of ink painting, this article does not intend to define the scope of literati painting or its development context, but to express the fact that when this system was formed, the identity and social background of the creator were more clearly separated at the same time, that is, the Chinese painting theory of the past dynasties often emphasized the creator's character, knowledge or cultivation connotation, and other conditions that ancient intellectuals should have.

The Song Dynasty custom painting was developed with the development of the commodity economy, reflecting the style of the market, and the typical representative is the "Qingming Riverside Picture".

Speaking of genre paintings, the famous "Qingming Riverside Picture".

We can't avoid it, this painting is one of the top ten famous paintings in China. for the Northern Song Dynasty.

Genre painting, the only surviving masterpiece of the Northern Song Dynasty painter Zhang Zeduan, is a national treasure-level cultural relic, and is now stored in the Palace Museum in Beijing. The Qingming Riverside Map depicts the capital city of Tokyo (present-day Kaifeng, Henan) during the Northern Song Dynasty.

The situation is mainly in Bianjing.

and the natural scenery and prosperity on both sides of the Bianhe River. It was a folk custom at that time to go to the river during the Qingming Festival, like today's festival gatherings, through which people participated in commercial activities. The whole map is roughly divided into three parts: the spring light in the suburbs of Bianjing, the scene of the Bianhe River, and the market in the city.

This is unique in the history of Chinese and even world painting. In the more than five meters long picture scroll, a large number of people of all colors are painted, such as cattle, mules, donkeys and other livestock, cars, sedan chairs, large and small boats, houses, bridges, city towers, etc., each with its own characteristics, reflecting the characteristics of Song Dynasty architecture. It has high historical and artistic value.

<>Of course, the genre paintings of the Song Dynasty are not only "Qingming Riverside Picture" and "Merchant Picture".

It's the Southern Song Dynasty. Painter Li Song's group fan ink painting on silk is light and colorful. The whole picture depicts the lively scene of the old merchant carrying the burden to the head of the village, and many women and children competing for onlookers, showing the Qiantang in the Southern Song Dynasty.

The customs of the area. The lines of this painting are delicate and elegant, the objects on the load are silky and flexible with a brush, and the clothing patterns of the characters are made with a trembling brush, and the twists and turns appropriately show the characteristics of the women and children of the lower classes wearing cloth clothes. Fine line drawing, expressive sketching of simple images, depicting the life of working people as an aesthetic object, has an important significance in the history of the development of ancient Chinese art.

Song Dynasty painting maintained a fairly close connection with all levels of society. Aristocrats, literati, doctors, merchants, and citizens all had a variety of needs for paintings. In particular, secular painting and court painting have diversified in subject matter, style, and content.

The Merchant Picture is Li Song's "custom painting" depicting rural life, reflecting the stories that working people like.

One of China's top ten famous paintings.

1. Northern Song Dynasty Zhang Zeduan's "Qingming Riverside Map", Li Song's "Merchant Picture", Eastern Jin Dynasty Gu Kai's "Luo Shen Fu Tu", "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map", Han Palace Chunxiao Map, Hundred Horses Map

Qingming Riverside Picture, Merchant Picture, Walking Song Picture, Phantom Drama Picture, Picking Rose Picture. They are all very good, and the genre paintings are particularly good at this time.

Qingming Riverside Map", "Caiwei Map", "Village Doctor Map", "Merchant Map", "Walking Song Map", "Village Doctor Map".

The most prominent representative works of Song Dynasty genre painting are Li Song's "Merchant Picture" and Zhang Zeduan's "Qingming Riverside Picture".

The subject matter of genre painting appears in the form of landscape painting, which is most perfectly expressed in the works of the Song Dynasty painter Ma Yuan. Judging from the works with the theme of customs in the history of Moshi, the earliest Chinese genre painting is the portrait brick of the Han Dynasty. Due to the early Han Dynasty's advocacy of ruling by doing nothing and living with the people, the social productive forces have achieved great recovery and development, and the self-sufficient manor economy has also flourished.

Mo laughs at the farmer's wine, the harvest year is full of chickens and porpoises, the mountains and rivers are doubtful, the willows and flowers are bright and another village, the drums chase and dismantle the trousers with the spring society, the clothes are simple and ancient, from now on, if you are allowed to ride the moon, the pillar staff will not be able to buckle the door all the time and night" This is the Song Dynasty poet Lu You depicted the poems of the customs of the peasant sacrifice society before and after the three springs. At that time, there were many painters who also painted many good works based on folk customs.

Customs

Customs refer to the customs of social life that prevailed in a certain era. Genre painting is a painting with this kind of custom life as the theme, which takes an objective perspective and realistically depicts the scene of social customs, without political, religious or ethical value judgments. Of course, successful genre paintings must also depict healthy and natural social customs, with a strong sense of poetry and painting.

Portrait bricks have been unearthed in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and other places, and the subject matter involves almost all aspects of social customs, such as feasting, riding and shooting, going on patrol, farming, dancing, acrobatics and so on.