How does laryngeal cancer metastasize? Lymphatic metastasis from laryngeal cancer Metastatic lymph f

There are two ways to metastasize laryngeal cancer

The first is called the lymphatic pathway, the cancer cells of laryngeal cancer fall off, enter the lymphatic tissue, and even lymph node metastasis, metastasis is mainly in the neck local metastasis, often on both sides of the larynx, the lymph nodes in the neck first metastasize on the other side, and the lymph nodes are enlarged, and at the beginning it is relatively small and less, and later the lymph nodes may grow larger and larger, fuse with each other into a large block, and metastasize to distant lymph nodes, for example, in addition to the neck, the lymph nodes of the supraclavicular fossa may also metastasize. In severe cases, lymph nodes in the chest cavity can metastasize. This lymphatic pathway is still boiled down to the local metastatic pathway.

The second route is called hematogenous metastasis, that is, cancer cells enter the bloodstream, and as the blood travels everywhere throughout the body, in a suitable place, it stops and grows, causing metastasis throughout the body, which most commonly occurs in the bones, liver, kidneys, lungs, and brain. In fact, all parts of the body can have this kind of distant metastasis of hematogenous travel, and once distant metastasis occurs, it is very difficult for the cancer to become advanced, which is a sign that the cancer has entered an advanced stage.

The cancer cells of laryngeal cancer enter the lymphoid tissue, mainly in the neck, which is relatively small at first, and metastasizes to the distant clavicle and lymph nodes in the chest cavity as it grows. Second, hematogenous metastasis. Cancer cells enter the bloodstream and travel throughout the body, causing metastasis throughout the body.

Once the whole body metastases, it means that it has entered an advanced stage, and it is difficult to **.

The spread and metastasis of laryngeal cancer is closely related to its primary site, degree of differentiation and tumor size. The main modes of metastasis were direct spread, lymph node metastasis, and hematogenous metastasis.

2.Lymph node metastasis: The early or late metastasis of cervical lymph nodes is closely related to the primary site of the tumor, the degree of differentiation of the tumor, and the patient's immunity to the tumor.

3.Hematogenous metastasis: A small number of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer will have hematogenous metastasis, which can metastasize to the lungs, liver, kidneys, bones, and pituitary gland.

Surgery for laryngeal cancer is a routine method for patients, but the surgery is not thorough, which is easy to cause tumors and metastasis, which not only makes patients suffer more pain, but also brings greater danger to patients' lives, and makes patients lose the best time.

The ways in which laryngeal cancer metastasizes and spreads are:

Direct spread: advanced laryngeal cancer often spreads to submucosal invasion. Located in the supraglottic carcinoma of the epiglottis, it can invade anteriorly into the anterior space of the epiglottis, the valley of the epiglottis, and the base of the tongue.

Arytenoid cancer spread outward to the piriform fossa and laryngopharyngeal lateral wall. Glottic carcinoma may invade anteriorly into the anterior commissure and spread to the contralateral vocal cord; It can also destroy the thyroid cartilage anteriorly, causing the laryngeal body to swell and infiltrate the soft tissues in the anterior neck. Subglottic carcinoma spreads downward to the trachea, or can penetrate the cricothyroid membrane to the anterior cervical muscle, develop to both sides, and invade the thyroid gland; Posterior involvement of the anterior wall of the esophagus.

Lymphatic metastasis: The metastasis site is mostly found in the lymph nodes at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery in the deep upper cervical group, and then develops along the upper and lower lymph nodes of the internal jugular vein. Subglottic carcinoma often metastasizes to the air and paralymph node groups.

Vascular metastasis: It can be transferred to the lungs, liver, kidneys, bones, pituitary gland, etc.

1. Implant metastasis: The larynx is located at the upper end of the respiratory system, and the exfoliated cells of laryngeal cancer can fall into the bronchi or lungs with local secretions due to the relationship between gravity and respiration. Lung metastases are up to 73% of patients with laryngeal cancer, and 89% of patients with low secretion have lung metastases.

However, pulmonary metastases can be either hematogenous or implantable metastases due to cell shedding.

2. Direct diffusion: The larynx is protected by thyroid cartilage, which is relatively slow to spread outward, and the way of direct diffusion is first to infiltrate along the surface of the mucosa to the submucosa. Vocal cord cancer mainly spreads posteriorly, develops anteriorly and anteriorly to the contralateral vocal cord, and can spread to the arytenoid cartilage posteriorly, but rarely invades the laryngeal belt upward.

Supraglottic carcinoma develops rapidly, most easily spreading to the anterior ephelottic space, or invading the piriform fossa along the epiglottis fold, or along the pharyngeal epiglottis fold to the posterior pharyngeal wall of the epiglottis valley and the base of the tongue.

3. Hematogenous metastasis: Hematogenous metastasis of laryngeal cancer is not very common, and generally occurs at an advanced stage, which is a manifestation of extensive metastasis throughout the body. Only a few early patients metastasize to other parts of the body, internal organs or bones through blood circulation, and less than 5% of all laryngeal cancer patients have blood metastases.

Some people are analyzing the cause of hematogenous metastasis, and it is believed that the tumor may directly erode the blood vessel wall, allowing cancer cells to enter the blood circulation.

4. Lymphatic metastasis: laryngeal cancer can metastasize through the lymphatic system, and the cervical lymph nodes appear first. Glottic type has few lymphatic vessels in the vocal cords, so metastases occur later.

In the supraglottic type, lymphatic metastases occur earlier due to the abundance of lymphoid tissue. The early and late appearance of lymph node metastasis is related to the histological characteristics of the tumor in addition to the primary site and clinical stage of the lesion.

The above is an introduction to the early metastasis of laryngeal cancer, I hope it will be helpful to you. In addition, experts from the China Biological Anti-Cancer Network reminded patients not to be discouraged in the face of the disease, and to take active and effective measures to achieve early detection and early detection. (:Zhang Huimei).

Disease analysis: The incidence of laryngeal cancer accounts for the whole body malignant tumors, and it is second only to nasopharyngeal cancer and nasal cavity and sinus cancer in the field of otolaryngology. The age of onset is 50 to 70 years old.

In China, the northeast region has the highest incidence rate, and most of the patients are male, and their ** is not very clear, but the cities with heavy air pollution are higher than the cities with light pollution.

Guidance: If laryngeal cancer is prone to metastasis, surgery or radiotherapy is recommended**.

The spread of laryngeal cancer is mainly direct spread and lymphatic metastasis, and the supraglottic type is prone to metastasis to the lymph cleft node located at the bifurcation of the common cervical mosy shed vein, and the glottic metastasis is late, and the subglottic area often metastasizes to the anterior tracheal or paratracheal lymphatic hood closure node.