On the question of the shame of Jingkang

The Jingkang Revolution refers to the historical event in the second year of Jingkang (the fifth year of Jin Tianhui, 1127) when the Jin Dynasty went south to capture Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and captured the two emperors of Hui and Qin, leading to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is also known as the rebellion of Jingkang, the difficulty of Jingkang, and the disaster of Jingkang.

In the winter of 1125, the seventh year of Xuanhe, the Jin Dynasty after the destruction of Liao attacked the Song Dynasty. At the age of forty-four, Song Huizong abdicated, and his eldest son Zhao Huan, who was twenty-six years old, succeeded to the throne, and the temple was called Qinzong. Shi Jin implemented a two-pronged policy of attacking and negotiating peace against Song.

In the first month of 1126 in the first year of Jingkang, the Jin army was under the city of Kaifeng, the capital of the country, and the situation was critical. Song Qinzong wanted to flee south with the Manchu Dynasty, but was dissuaded by Li Gang, the right man of Shangshu. Li Gang stepped forward at a critical moment to preside over the defense of Kaifeng, and commanded the Song army to repel the Jin army attacking the city several times.

At the same time, Shaanxi's veteran Master Dao also led the army back to help. However, Song Qinzong sent the Song general Yao Ping to rob the enemy camp in the middle of the night, and Song Qinzong had no choice but to hurriedly sign an alliance with the Jin people under the city, agreeing to cede the three towns of Taiyuan, Zhongshan and Hejian. Song Huizong returned to Kaifeng.

After the Jin army retreated on the East Road, Song Qinzong repented of ceding the land again. Jin prepared to invade the Central Plains again.

In October 1126, the first year of Jingkang, the master died of illness. Seed Master Dao is a good general, and he once made four key suggestions to Song Qinzong: the first time was that Yao Ping failed to rob the gold camp in the middle of the night in early February, and Seed Master Dao suggested that he send troops to rob the camp again, or send thousands of troops every night to attack the enemy, which can be successful, and Song Qinzong does not need to.

The second time was that Wanyan did not retreat, and the master suggested that he should launch a surprise attack when the Jin army was halfway crossed, otherwise it would be a disaster for him, and Song Qinzong would not need it. The third time was after the loss of Taiyuan, the master Dao urgently ordered the transfer of troops to the capital, and the fourth time was the deathbed posthumous performance, suggesting that the emperor retreat to Guanzhong, Li Gang and Zong Ze guarded Kaifeng, and Song Qinzong did not use it.

Due to the Northern Song Dynasty's advocacy of "governing the country with literature" after the establishment of the state, and developed a strong atmosphere of emphasizing literature and ignoring martial arts, after the death of the master of the country, in the face of the fierce attack of the Jin State, Song Qinzong had no generals available for a while.

In November, more than 100,000 elite troops of the Jin army entered the Central Plains, and at the end of the month, they attacked Kaifeng, the capital of the Great Song Dynasty. Song Qinzong wanted to cede the land and sue for peace, so he asked Song Huizong to persuade the ninth brother King Kang (that is, the later Southern Song Emperor Song Gaozong Zhao Gou) to cede the land of Taiyuan, Zhongshan and Hejian to envoy to the Jin State, and at the same time sent Geng Nanzhong and Nie Chang to cede Hebei and Hedong.

King Kang and Jin Jun went in the opposite direction to Xiangzhou, Hebei, ignoring state affairs, and sang and danced with Wang Boyan of Zhizhou. Later, when he went to Cizhou Zong Ze to defend the land, Zong Ze persuaded him to use his identity to call on the troops of the surrounding five states to send troops to Zhending, encircle Wei to save Zhao, and distract the Jin army from attacking Kaifeng.

However, King Kang was reluctant to send troops, only seeking his own safety, and returned to Xiangzhou to spend all day drinking. Geng Nanzhong, who was ordered to cede Hebei, was expelled by the people of Weizhou (present-day Jixian, Henan) and also came to Xiangzhou to reunite with Geng Yanxi and his son, while Nie Chang, another who was ordered to cede Hedong, was killed by the locals. So far, none of the land cession plans have been successful.

A famous event in Chinese history, what exactly does the shame of Jingkang refer to during the reign of Emperor Jingkang of the Northern Song Dynasty?