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Eniake "was originally designed as a specialized computer for ballistic calculations. But later, by changing the wiring method inserted into the control board, it solved various problems, and became a general-purpose machine. The "Eniac" program is an external plug-in that reconnects the lines every time a new calculation is made in the software center.
Sometimes a few minutes or tens of minutes of calculations can take hours or 1-2 days to prepare for the line connection.
Software system
Software systems include: operating systems, application software, etc. Application software in the computer industry management software, IT computer industry development essential tools, computer industry ERP software.
Hardware
The hardware system includes: chassis (power supply, hard disk, memory, motherboard, CPU ** processor, optical drive, sound card, network card, graphics card), monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc. (can also be equipped with headphones, speakers, printers, video screens, etc.). The motherboard of home computers generally has an onboard sound card and a network card.
Some motherboards are equipped with integrated graphics.
The full English name of CPU is"central processor unit", translated into Chinese is"Processor Unit"。Its role in the PC can be said to be equivalent to the role of the brain in the human body. All computer programs are run by it.
The motherboard is also called the mother board. It's actually just a circuit board, and it's densely packed with all kinds of circuits. It can be said to be the nervous system of the PC, the CPU, memory, graphics card, sound card, etc. are directly installed on the motherboard, and the hard disk, floppy drive and other components also need to be connected to the motherboard through wiring.
Generally, the computer parts that are placed in the chassis are collectively called"Host"。It is the most important component of a computer, and the main components such as the motherboard, CPU, and hard disk are all located in the main unit.
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Mine is dell's, bought in April 2010, quality OK. Lenovo's price-performance ratio is good and cheap, but the failure rate may be a little larger than Dell's. I've also sold computers and notebooks before, and I've learned a little bit.
ASUS is too much, don't buy it. Other miscellaneous brands are even worse. Nowadays, it is fashionable to save a computer, and you can save a lot of money by saving one.
It's the same thing about fixing computers. You can study the configuration or something by yourself first, don't be bothered, wait for a little understanding, take a look**, estimate**, and then save one. That is, let the parts dealer assemble one for you.
I bought it for 4,050 yuan, and if I saved it, it was estimated that it would be less than 3,000 yuan. I won't buy a brand machine in the future. It's all advertising money.
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The English of T desktop computer hard drive is hard drive, which literally translates into Chinese"Hard drives"。Since hard drives are built into hard drives, hard drives and hard drives are generally confused. The apparent size of a hard drive is generally inches.
The capacity of hard disks is generally calculated in M (megabytes) and G (1024 megabytes). The capacity of hard disks is usually seen from tens of megabytes to several gigabits. The C drive and D drive that are commonly referred to are not exactly the same thing as real hard disks.
A real hard drive term is called"Physical hard drives"You can partition a physical hard disk in the DOS operating system and divide it into C drive, D drive, E drive, etc"Fake hard drives", the term is called"Logical hard drives"。
Computer power supply and chassis Of course, the computer must have a power supply, but the power supply of the computer cannot directly use an ordinary voltage of 220 volts. There is a transformer inside the power supply of the computer, which converts the ordinary 220V mains power into the voltage required by the various parts of the computer, such as the working voltage of the CPU, which is generally only a few volts. For safety reasons, all parts of the computer (except for the monitor, of course) are placed in the chassis properly.
There are many buttons on the case case, such as the power start button, the reset button (for the reboot of the computer), and so on. There are also some indicators on the case, such as the power indicator should be on when the computer is working, the hard disk indicator will flash when operating the hard drive, and so on. Floppy and optical drives can be used directly at the front of the chassis.
Keyboard and mouse*** is a digital universal disc. An optical drive is a device that reads a disc. The capacity of the platter is seven times that of a CD ROM disc.
Hard disks and hard drives*** platters can be divided into: *** ROM, *** R (can write once), *** RAM (can be written multiple times), and *** RW (read and rewrite).
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On February 14, 1996, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the advent of Eniac, Gore once again pressed the starting button of this huge electronic computer that had been sleeping for 40 years at a grand ceremony held at the University of Pennsylvania. Speaking to the scientists who participated in the development of Eniake and are still alive today, Gore said: "I would like to congratulate the pioneers who developed this computer back then.
The two rows of lights on Eniac flickered to 46 with an accurate knot, marking its advent in 1946, and then flashing again to 96, marking 50 years since the beginning of the computer age.
Computer Aided Design (CAD).
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).
Computer-aided manufacturing is the process of using computer systems for the management, control, and operation of production equipment. For example, in the manufacturing process of products, computers are used to control the operation of machines, process the data required in the production process, control and process the flow of materials, and inspect products. The use of CAM technology can improve product quality, reduce costs, shorten production cycles, increase productivity and improve labor conditions.
The integration of CAD and CAM technologies to automate design and production is known as computer-integrated manufacturing systems (CIMS). Its realization will truly be an unmanned chemical plant (or workshop).
Computer Aided Teaching (CAI) Computer-aided teaching is the use of computer systems to use courseware for teaching. Courseware can be developed and produced using authorship tools or high-level language, which can guide students to learn in a cyclical and gradual way, so that students can easily learn the knowledge they need from the courseware. The main features of CAI are interactive education, individual instruction and individualized teaching.
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Expansion cards and expansion slots for S computer computers.
When you need to use the computer to watch VCD and listen to **, you need to configure a sound card. The sound card is not a necessary part of the PC, it is a functional expansion card of the PC. The so-called expansion card means that this kind of card can expand the function of the PC, such as the sound card can make the PC sound, the network card can be connected to the network, and so on.
The expansion card is plugged directly into the expansion slot on the motherboard that is designed specifically for the expansion card. A graphics card is actually an expansion card, because from the basic principle of a computer"Display"It's actually an extra function just to make the computer's work process directly visible to people. Although the monitor is already one of the basic equipment of the computer, the graphics card is still regarded as an expansion card due to habitual reasons.
Of course, sound cards and network cards are standard expansion cards.
Keyboards and mice are input devices for PCs.
When the keyboard is struck, the keyed is struck sends a signal to the PC's motherboard, which continues to send it to the CPU, which confirms what the key will react to when pressed according to the relevant programs in the operating system. For example, when doing word processing, if you don't start the Chinese character input system, typing the English letters on the keyboard will directly type in English"a"The key will be displayed"a"。When the Chinese character input system is activated, after typing the Y English letter on the keyboard, it will not directly enter English, but first determine whether the typed English meets the rules in the Chinese character input method, and if it can express a certain or certain Chinese characters, it will enter Chinese characters.
Otherwise, you cannot enter the Chinese character z. Keyboards generally have 101 or 102 keys, and some keyboards also have 3 Windows 95 function keys.
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Computer memory (RAM).
Memory, in contrast to external memory such as disks, refers to internal memory that can be read directly by the CPU, mainly in the form of chips. Memory is also called"Main memory", abbreviation"Primary"。The memory chips that are generally seen are strip-shaped, also called"Memory sticks", which needs to be plugged into a memory slot on the motherboard to work.
There is also a type of memory called"Cache"The English name is"cache", which is usually already built into the CPU or motherboard. Generally speaking, how many megabytes of memory a machine has mainly refers to the capacity of the memory module. You can see the memory capacity display in the screen when the computer starts to start, you can also use commands to check the memory capacity in the DOS system, and you can also view the memory capacity in the Windows system to view the system resources.
Computer graphics card
It is an important element to connect the monitor and the PC motherboard. It is plugged into the expansion slot on the motherboard. It is mainly responsible for converting the display signal sent by the host computer to the display into a general electrical signal, so that the display can understand what the PC is asking it to do.
There is also memory on the graphics card, called"Display memory", how much it will directly affect the display of the display, such as clarity and color richness and so on.
Desktop monitor
It is one of the output devices of a computer, similar in appearance to a television. monitor refers specifically to the monitor, and screen refers to the screen only.
Disks and disk drives.
Disk is one of the external memories of a PC, which is divided into two types: hard disk and floppy disk. What both have in common is that they both use magnetic media to store data, so they are called"disks"。In order for a PC to use a disk, it must be placed in a special device, called a disk drive.
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Self-assembled brand machines are expensive and unevenly configured.
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Desktop computer brands include Acer, Lenovo, Asus, Thinkpad, Dell, etc. Acer's desktop computers are better.
1. Acer. Founded in 1976, Acer is an international private label company, mainly engaged in the research and development, design, marketing, sales and service of smart phones, tablets, personal computers, display products and servers, and also actively develops cloud technology and solutions in combination with the Internet of Things, and is an integrated software, hardware and service enterprise.
2. Lenovo computer.
Lenovo is a well-known brand in China, the world's third largest personal computer manufacturer after Apple and Acer, and ranked among the Fortune Global 500, the fastest growing among the world's top five computer manufacturers. Lenovo Computer is mainly engaged in personal computers, smartphones, etc. Lenovo computers are better desktop computers.
3. ASUS computer.
ASUS Computer Co., Ltd. **** (referred to as ASUS), the brand is"asus"Founded on April 2, 1990, the company is an international brand company in Taiwan and the world's largest manufacturer of motherboards, as well as graphics cards, desktop computers, communication products, etc. Desktop computers from ASUS computers are better.
4. ThinkPad computer.
ThinkPad computers are good performers and are cheap and affordable. The ThinkPad community covers ThinkPad, ThinkPlus, and ThinkVision devices, and if you want to understand the product, parameters, configuration, and other information, you can come to the Lenovo ThinkPad community. Desktop computers of ThinkPad computers are better.
5. Dell computer.
Headquartered in Austin, Texas, Dell Computer is the world's No. 1 computer systems company and a premier provider of computer products and services that help customers build their information technology and Internet infrastructure. Desktop computers of Dell computers are better.
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