The Influence of Ancient Drama 5, The Influence of Ancient Drama

To put it simply: it is a precedent for Chinese (or modern) drama.

1) Politics. Religious factors: The origin of opera in primitive times, the opera has a witchcraft tinge.

From the pre-Qin to the Tang dynasty, the ritual became an important part of the national sacrificial and ceremonial system. Singing and dancing during the event. Political darkness became Song.

Yuannan opera. Miscellaneous play creation material. The policy of despising intellectuals during the Yuan Dynasty.

So that the literati who have no way to go can focus on theatrical creation. The symbol of the production of Peking Opera: the Hui class entered Beijing.

It is to celebrate the birthday of Emperor Qianlong.

2) Economic factors: after the Song Dynasty. Southern Opera. The fundamental condition for the development of Yuan Miscellaneous Opera is the development of urban economy. The ranks of the burghers have grown. The demand for spiritual culture increases.

3) Cultural factors: the growth of the ranks of knowledge groups. Whether it's the upper floor.

Middle- and lower-class intellectuals are also folk entertainers. Whether it is the creator of ancient opera. Or a performer.

It is because of their contributions. The art of opera has only matured. Influence of other cultural forms:

Southern opera absorbed the tunes of Song Ci and the elements of Tang and Song music. Yuan miscellaneous drama will also be poetry. Sing.

Dialogue. **。Dance and other art forms combined.

The formation of Peking Opera. It is the product of the combination of local opera and Beijing language and culture. In a word.

The development of ancient Chinese opera. In the early stage, political factors were dominant. Then there are economic factors that play an important role.

The intellectual community has played an important role throughout.

The world's three major ancient dramas are Chinese opera, ancient Greek drama, and Indian Sanskrit drama.

1. Chinese opera.

Chinese folk opera let the number of spine songs, from the pre-Qin period"Haiyu", the "Hundred Operas" of the Han Dynasty, the "Joining the Army" of the Tang Dynasty, the Miscellaneous Operas of the Song Dynasty, the Southern Opera of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Miscellaneous Operas of the Yuan Dynasty, until the unprecedented prosperity of local opera and the formation of Peking Opera in the Qing Dynasty.

2. Ancient Greek drama.

Ancient Greek drama refers to the drama of the ancient Greek period, which flourished roughly between the end of the 6th century BC and the beginning of the 4th century BC. The city of Athens, the political and military center of ancient Greece at that time, was also the center of ancient Greek drama. Athenian tragedy and comedy are among the earliest forms of drama in the world.

Ancient Greek theater and plays had a lasting and profound influence on the development of Western theater and culture.

3. Indian Sanskrit drama.

Indian classical drama - Sanskrit drama, from the perspective of subject matter, one is based on epic poems and legends, and the other is based on real life, mainly to depict the urban world and human feelings, such as "Little Clay Car" and so on. In addition, there are some works aimed at religious propaganda, such as "Ma Ming's Drama Fragments". Sanskrit opera is basically the same as Tibetan opera in the three types of drama aesthetics: sadness, joy and righteousness, and belongs to the aesthetic character of the drama of tragedy and joy.

The main dramas of the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing's dramas include "Dou E's Injustice", "Moon Worship Pavilion", "Save the Wind and Dust", "Wangjiang Pavilion", "Single Knife Meeting", etc., and Wang Shifu's dramas include "The Legend of the West Chamber"; Bai Pu's dramas include "Sycamore Rain" and "Horse on the Wall".

1. Ma Zhiyuan, the drama "Autumn in the Han Palace", Ji Junxiang The drama "The Orphan of Zhao", Zheng Guangzu, "A Chinese Girl Leaving the Soul" and other ancient opera arts, such as "Wangjiang Pavilion", "The Story of the West Chamber", "The Peony Pavilion" and other famous excerpts of the artistic charm, let you fully taste the rich connotation of traditional culture.

2. As a traditional form of artistic expression in China, ancient opera was once the most important, the most popular, and even the only form of entertainment in ancient Chinese society. Today, although opera is experiencing the impact of various popular cultures, as a traditional form of national culture, it still affects the lives of each of us. The opera scripts are beautifully written, especially some excellent scripts, which are poems with stories in themselves.

Ancient Chinese drama is most representative of Song, Yuan, Southern Opera and Yuan Miscellaneous Opera.

The representative work of Song, Yuan, and Southern Opera is: Gao Zecheng (Gao Ming) of the Yuan Dynasty "Pipa Legend".

The famous representative works of Yuan Miscellaneous Opera are:

a, Guan Hanqing: miscellaneous dramas "Dou E's Injustice", "Save the Wind and Dust", "Lu Zhailang", "Moon Worship Pavilion".

b, Ma Zhiyuan: poetry and drama essay "Tianjingsha Autumn Thought", miscellaneous drama "Han Palace Autumn Plum Wine".

Dou E's injustice, Zhao's orphans, Han Gongqiu, and Wutong rain are called the four major tragedies.

"Dou E's Injustice", "Lu Zhailang", "Butterfly Dream", "Moon Worship Pavilion", "Tune the Wind and Moon", "Peony Pavilion", "The Legend of the West Chamber", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Dream of Red Mansions" Another drama form of the Yuan Dynasty - Southern Opera, is also an important part of the history of drama.

The ancient Chinese drama matured earlier, from the Song Miscellaneous Opera, the Jinyuan Script to the Yuan Miscellaneous Opera, and another branch that matured a little later was the Southern Opera, which was popular in the southeastern coastal areas. It was first produced in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province (formerly known as Yongjia), so it is also known as "Wenzhou Miscellaneous Opera", "Yongjia Miscellaneous Opera" or "Yongjia Opera".

The genre of Southern Opera is very different from Miscellaneous Opera, and it boils down to one point that it is more liberal than Miscellaneous Opera in all aspects. Its melody coordination, although there is a certain convention, does not have a strict palace tune organization, and it can be made more freely according to the needs of the plot; Its script structure is not like the fixed mode of "four books and one wedge" formed by the restrictions of miscellaneous dramas because of the restrictions of **, but is divided by the boundary between the upper and lower scenes of the characters, which can be long or short, and most of them are longer than miscellaneous dramas; It is not like a miscellaneous drama that can only be sung by one character in each play, but any character can sing, and there are various forms such as continuous singing, simultaneous singing, and multi-person chorus, which can organically combine music, white, and science.

The more famous ones are: Peking Opera "Yutang Chun", Huangmei Opera "Tianxian Pei", Henan Opera "Mulan", Yue Opera "Sister Lin Falling from the Sky".

There are more than 300 types of local dramas.

Higgins Gustavo is a little bit of a good guy for me.

1. Chinese opera is a theatrical form centered on the comprehensive performance of singing, reading, doing and playing, which has a wealth of artistic expression, and it is closely integrated with performing arts, which makes Chinese opera full of special charm. It integrates the beauty of lyrics, art, and performance, and uses rhythm to control in a play to achieve harmonious unity, fully mobilizes the appeal of various artistic means, and forms a unique performing art with a distinctive rhythm in China.

2. One of the most important features of Chinese opera is virtuality. Stage art is not simply imitating life, but selecting, refining, exaggerating and beautifying the original form of life, bringing the audience directly into the palace of art.

3. Another artistic feature of Chinese opera is its programmaticity, such as closing the door, getting on the horse, taking the boat, etc., all have a set of fixed procedures. Programs are both normative and flexible in opera, so the art of opera is appropriately called regular free movement.