From avian flu to African swine fever, how far does China still have to go to prevent related diseas

For such a thing as the plague, it must always be prevented, which means that China's epidemic prevention work must be persisted in for as long as adhering to the core of socialist values.

There is such a thing as a virus, not that it can be prevented all at onceJust like medical care, which is always seeking progress, always researching new drugs, and developing more advanced medical equipment, will never stop,Similarly, epidemic prevention work cannot be stopped for a while.

Like the previous avian flu, the swine fever has not completely calmed down, all because a virus source began to spread and develop, and it evolved violently.

How to make an analogy, just take people directly, you have to eat breakfast and lunch all the time, on the one hand, because of the needs of the human body, the need for a certain amount of nutrition, on the other hand, it is also to prevent stomach problems, you can't say that you can eat and drink enough today to solve tomorrow's amount together.

Let's take learning againThe learning that has always been advocated is lifelong learning, and knowledge is endlessThat is, the source of knowledge is always updated, and you have to prevent your own knowledge and interruption of information from the outside world, so you can say that you live to learn.

The same is true for the epidemic prevention road, you can't start not paying attention just because you feel calmEpidemic prevention and epidemic prevention is to prevent the source of the plague, and only by doing long-term epidemic prevention work meticulously can we prevent the epidemic to the greatest extent and reduce potential losses.

Therefore, for animals, the vaccines that should be given must be missing, and the places that should be paid attention to must be in place. But after all, the plague can only be said to be prevented, and no one can say that it is guaranteed to be permanently stopped, but only that every time something happens is a warning to us!

Diseases are always ahead of prevention, but in recent years, China has made a lot of progress in the prevention of these diseases.

As long as the times continue to progress, these problems will not stop, we must persist and always maintain a rigorous attitude.

I think we should go a long way, and the prevention of diseases is not so simple, and it takes a lot of energy and material resources.

I think the road ahead is still very long, and it will take a lot of effort and sweat, and I believe it will get better and better.

Now when it comes to African swine fever, everyone will be more afraid. In particular, pig farmers are very worried about whether their pigs are infected, and whenever they hear about swine fever, they are afraid that the pork sold in the market is not safeWhat are the main ways of transmission of African swine fever? How long is the incubation period of this virus?

1. What is African swine fever?

African swine fever is a disease that can infect domestic pigs, wild boars and other pigs, and is an infectious disease that can cause acute, hemorrhagic and virulent infectious diseases, and is a type of epidemic that China focuses on preventing. African swine fever has a short onset time, once the fever is as high as 40-42, it will cause pigs to beat faster, dyspnea, mainly harm the spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidneys, heart, etc., the incubation period is 4 days to 19 days, if there is a sudden infection of pigs mortality will reach 100%.

2. What are the main transmission routes of African swine fever?

African swine fever may be related to the airport, port and other import channels have not been processed at high temperature has been infected pig products, its tissues and organs, secretions, excretion, blood, etc. contain viruses, can contaminate pig houses, appliances, bedding, feed, vehicles, etc. Healthy pigs are mainly infected by contact with sick pigs and feed, drinking water, and kitchen residues contaminated by the virus, and other insects such as the blunt-edged soft tick, which carries ASF, can also transmit the ASF virus by biting healthy pigs.

At present, there is no effective drug that can**, and there is no relevant vaccine to prevent it. Only by strengthening the supervision and testing of pigs, strictly enclosing the management of the places where pigs are raised, and disinfecting and isolating the pig houses. In order to prevent sick pigs from infecting healthy pigs, once the epidemic is discovered, the sick pigs should be blocked, isolated, culled, disinfected, and harmlessly treated to prevent the spread of the epidemic from affecting other healthy pigs.

It is necessary to ensure that the items used by the pigs, the feed they eat, and the water they drink are healthy and pollution-free, and the air circulation of the pigsty should be strengthened, the breeding density should be reduced, and the insect bites should be prevented. Local quarantine agencies should strengthen management and registration, do a good job in the investigation of sick pigs, and strengthen the inspection intensity of veterinarians.

3. How long is the incubation period of African swine fever virus?

The incubation period of ASF is 4-19 days, and there is no indication during the incubation period of ASF, and the farm cannot detect the arrival of ASF, and then the farm continues to do all kinds of activities. For example, pigs are transported and transferred, pigs are **, pig farms are mated, and other operations are carried out in the same way, so that when the onset of the disease almost the entire pig farm is a pig carrying the virus, and even other pig farms are affected.

In general, the transmission route of African swine fever is relatively wide, and it can contaminate pig houses, utensils, bedding, feed, vehicles, etc. from tissues and organs, secretions, excretions, blood, etc., and then spread to normal pigs, so it is difficult to control, and the general incubation period is 4-19 days, and there is no warning in the early stage.

African swine fever can be transmitted from country to country through (), among other things.

a.Smuggled pork and its products from endemic areas (correct answer) bWaste and swill in international flights, ships, trains, vehicles and other means of transportation from epidemic areas.

c.International mail, inbound travelers, and pork products illegally carried by e-commerce companies across the epidemic area.

d.Wild boars infected with African swine fever virus migrate or move freely at the border.

Correct answer: ABCD

Since the first case was confirmed in Shenyang, Liaoning Province on August 3 last year, African swine fever began to spread across the country, and both pig farmers and the general public have been affected to varying degrees.

However, at present, there is the latest progress in the African swine fever vaccine candidate, and the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute issued an announcement yesterday, that is, on May 23: Harbin Veterinary Research Institute began to spread across the country from the first case confirmed in Shenyang, Liaoning Province on August 3 last year.

However, at present, there is the latest progress in the candidate vaccine for African swine fever, and the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute issued an announcement yesterday, that is, on May 23: the African swine fever laboratory of the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute has successfully isolated the African swine fever strain, conducted a more systematic study on its infectivity, pathogenicity and infectivity and other biological characteristics, and successfully established an animal infection model.

As we all know, African swine fever has many viral gene types, a large number of them, complex and diverse immune escape mechanisms, and can also evade the clearance of host immune cells.

However, at present, there has been significant progress in the research and development of African swine fever vaccine, which may be developed before Europe and the United States.

1. At present, the first strain of African swine fever virus has been isolated in China, a virus cell isolation and culture system and a model of animal infection have been established, and its biological characteristics such as infectivity, pathogenicity and transmissibility have been systematically studied, and the genomic characteristics and evolutionary relationship of the epidemic strain of African swine fever in China have been revealed.

2. African swine fever vaccine candidate was created, and laboratory studies have proved that two of the candidate vaccine strains have good biosafety and immune protection effects.

3. The two vaccine candidate strains have strong genetic stability in vitro and in vivo.

The biological characteristics and genome sequences of the two vaccine candidates were passed in primary cells in vitro, and no obvious virulence was found in pigs.

4. The minimum protective vaccination dose was clarified, and the safety of high-dose and repeated doses was proved.

5. The process research of preclinical pilot products has been preliminarily completed.

At present, the seed bank for the production of two vaccine candidates has been established, the purity of the vaccine production seed batch and the inspection of exogenous viruses have been preliminarily completed, and the cell culture and lyophilization processes of the candidate vaccines have been preliminarily optimized.

What is the significance of this development?

In this experiment, the domestic epidemic strain of African swine fever was successfully isolated, and the infectivity, pathogenicity, transmissibility and transmission route of the virus were systematically studied, and the genome characteristics and evolutionary relationship of the strain were preliminarily clarified, which laid an important foundation for virus detection technology and vaccine research and development, and provided an important scientific basis for the prevention and control of ASF epidemic in China.

At present, the country attaches great importance to this aspect, although the vaccine has not been successfully developed since the discovery of the non-Hengzhou swine fever virus, but at present, Chinese scientists have created a candidate vaccine for African swine fever, and the two candidate vaccine strains also have good biosafety and immune protection effects, and I believe that the African swine fever vaccine will be successfully developed.

I believe that whether it is a farmer or a city person, the four words of non-comic swine fever should be completely familiar with it recently, since the emergence of African swine fever in our country, everyone is panicked. It was thought that only one region would appear, but every once in a while another province was discovered. So how does African swine fever spread?

1. Transmission of means of transportation.

All kinds of vehicles, passing through the epidemic area, loading and transporting sick pigs and their pig products, once the disinfection is not strict and thorough, will become the source of transmission of African swine fever. As long as these means of transportation go to **, they will spread to **, which is an important way for the spread of African swine fever epidemic.

Second, personnel exchanges are spread and buried.

All pigs and their pork products that have been exposed to African swine fever have a high probability of spreading the epidemic, such as viral germs hiding in hair, hats, clothes, shoes and socks, hanging bags and body **, etc., there is a great possibility of spreading African swine fever disease.

3. Spread of pig products, etc.

Pigs and pig products are the main route of transmission of African swine fever. If there is a hidden source of infection in the major pig farmers, there will be sick pigs and pork missed detection and enter the market, resulting in pigs and pigs, pigs and farmers, pork and the market, pork and farmers, pork and consumers, reciprocating crossing, overlapping measures, from near to far, from point to surface, from line to surface, mutual transmission of infection, resulting in an increase in transmission routes and accelerated transmission speed.

Fourth, pig feed spread.

After the diseased pork products flow into the market, consumers carry pork into restaurants and hotels, and into the kitchens of thousands of households, and the kitchen waste oil and water produced usually flow to rural farmers as raw feed for pigs, resulting in a pandemic in Africa. This is currently the most important way for the transmission of swine fever in the mountains, and it is a source of transmission that cannot be ignored.

5. Natural biological transmission.

Due to the poor management of pig manure and other wastes in rural pig farms, incomplete disinfection and sterilization, and not strict, all kinds of insects, birds and other small animals carry germs and viruses from diseased pig feces and fly to other places or farmers and feed, spreading diseases. In addition, the spread of waste such as manure of sick pigs expands with natural factors such as winds and heavy rains, leading to the rapid spread of epidemics.

This year is not destined to be an ordinary year, from the very beginning of the epidemic to African swine fever, every minute is painful, African swine fever was found in our country, is this virus highly contagious? Very strong, and he seems to have a special purpose to only infect pigs, so that the country's pig industry has suffered a major blow, we can know according to the current pork **, directly ** three or four times.

It is relatively strong, African swine fever will cause pig convulsions, and it will die after a while, and the contagion is still relatively strong, and it should be dealt with in time.

It is very contagious, and once infected, other livestock are also very easy to get caught and die.

It is very contagious, and there is a high chance of contagion after contact, so we must resolutely eradicate this virus.

This virus not only spreads very quickly, but also has a high mortality rate, and there is no better solution to this disease at present, and a vaccine is still being developed.

11. Disinfection of pig house.

First of all, it is natural to do a good job in the disinfection of the pig house. When disinfecting the barn, the pigs must be moved out of the barn first. It is then thoroughly disinfected, from top to bottom.

Remove cobwebs, dirt, and everything else that can harbor bacteria. And can not miss the pig house feeding equipment, feeding equipment can be dismantled to remove it and then put in the disinfectant to soak for at least a day. Paint the wall with quicklime powder, etc., and then spray aldehyde preparations into the pig house to eliminate the germs in the pig house and control it for about a week.

Wait until the effect is no longer effective before placing the pigs in the barn.

2. Environmental disinfection.

Environmental disinfection is key to preventing African swine fever. We must control the environment around the pigs, and we must not let go of people, vehicles, etc. People and vehicles that can enter the barn directly must be thoroughly disinfected before entering.

Be careful not to let other livestock, poultry or wild animals approach, as they may carry germs. Then, with the pig house as the central point, quicklime powder is sprinkled on a diameter of about 800 meters to suppress the spread of germs. Finally, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of disinfectants, and the variety of disinfectants should not be too much, so as to prevent the conflict of ingredients and reduce the disinfection effect.

3. Pig herd disinfection.

Of course, the disinfection of the pig herd is also indispensable, and we need to improve the disease resistance of the pig herd and strengthen the immune system. When breeding, it is necessary to minimize the stress response of pigs, which can have a great impact on their immune system. In addition to strengthening management, we also need to disinfect the pig herd.

When disinfecting pigs, the choice of disinfectant is very important. To prevent the production of pigs, the method of pig herd disinfection is mainly atomization disinfection, which can not only achieve the purpose of disinfection, but also reduce the impact on pigs as much as possible.

4. Drinking water disinfection.

In order to achieve the purpose of comprehensive disinfection, drinking water is naturally a point that we cannot ignore. Drinking water disinfection is mainly aimed at reducing the number of microorganisms in drinking water. Preventing the presence of viruses in the water that can lead to infections in pigs can prevent diseases such as digestive and respiratory tracts.

However, drinking water disinfection requires our attention, because disinfectants are also needed when disinfecting drinking water. Disinfectants can get into pigs, so be careful to choose disinfectants that won't cause harm to pigs. Water purifiers, high-temperature disinfection and other methods can be used to improve the quality of water first.

The above is a brief introduction to how to prevent African swine fever. African swine fever does not yet have an effective vaccine and ** agent, so it can only be killed in the whole group after the onset of the disease, resulting in the loss of farmers' capital, so everyone must pay more attention!