Folk Hakka Tanabata Festival, do you want to know how to spend it

For the Hakka people, the seventh day of July is a festival of "coincidence". On this day, the girls and young daughters-in-law in the boudoir will buy seven-colored silk and weave it into a seven-color ribbon by traditional hand, and also pick some fresh beans, cucumbers, bitter gourds, pepper leaves, eggplant leaves, pumpkin leaves, and seven kinds of green vegetables to cook into a dish called "Seven Sisters". According to the older generation, the dish of "Seven Sisters" is a more ingenious dish than the young daughter-in-law of the family, because the seventh day of July is generally around the beginning of autumn, and the beans, bitter gourd, cucumbers, etc. at this time are close to the season, and the leafy vegetables have not yet grown, and there are no greenhouse vegetables in the old days, so it depends on whose daughter-in-law can cook these vegetable leaves that are not usually eaten sweet and delicious.

After dinner, the village elders and children gather to enjoy the moonlight. The old woman told the children the story of the thousand-year-old Cowherd and Weaver Girl, and at the same time, she would also compare whose "Seven Sisters" cooked well and whose young people were filial. And the young girls will gather in a bunch, while eavesdropping on the whispers of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, comparing who weaves the seven-colored ribbon with new patterns and more patterns, whose heart is more spiritual, and whose hands are more skillful.

Some of the more pious girls even bathed in incense and prayed to the Weaver Girl under the moonlight, so that they could have a pair of skillful hands to weave clouds and brocade like the Weaver Girl in the sky.

In addition to "Biqiao", every July 7, the Hakka people have the custom of taking well water and mountain spring water at noon, and the water taken out at this moment is called "July 7 water". Legend has it that the seventh day of July is the day when the Jade Emperor En Quasi-Cowherd and Weaver Girl meet at the bridge, and this pair of lovers can only meet once a year, and the time is very short. Therefore, they cherished this rare opportunity very much, and complained to each other, tears rained down.

The tears they shed gathered into the river water of the world, so the "Seven Waters of July" can be preserved for several years without deterioration, and can also play a role in cooling and detoxifying, warding off evil and curing diseases.

On the seventh day of July, the Hakka people have been passing on the folk customs of making "seven sisters", "seven layers of cakes", drinking "seven layers of water", and bathing by the river, and the Hakka people have been inheriting them for generations.

Hakka festival customs: 1. Spring Festival: New Year's "Hundred festivals are the first", the Hakka people, like most places in the Central Plains, regard the New Year as the most solemn and joyful festival of the year.

The traditional festivals of the Hakka people are Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, and June.

Sixth, the middle yuan, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the winter solstice, the king of the stove and other festivals. The Spring Festival is a big festival, and the New Year's goods are abundant, mostly cured meat, wrapped zongzi, fried peanuts, etc. On the first day of the first month, you can't kill, and you light the lamp, say auspicious words, and generally go back to your home to eat; The second day of the first year can be a hearty drink, and it is also the day to return to his parents' home during the Spring Festival.

The most important entertainment activity of the Spring Festival is the lion dance. During the Qingming Festival, the Hakka people like to make zongzi and eat a big meal again. "February stove", cook glutinous rice to kill chickens and worship the king of the stove, seeking a bumper harvest and smoothness for a year.

March Qingming is the traditional tomb sweeping festival, cooking sweet glutinous rice, preparing wine and dishes, touring to sweep the ancestral tombs, and the Hakka people add dishes casually, which is also a festival. Dragon Boat Festival, wrapping zongzi. June 6, prepare wine and food.

The Midyear Festival is the second major festival in a year, killing chickens, ducks and fish, daughters, sons-in-law and relatives have to return to visit the elderly, and it is lively. Mid-Autumn Festival, prepare fruits, moon cakes to enjoy the moon. Double Ninth Festival, go out and climb high.

On the winter solstice, eat a kind of boiled bun that is larger than dumplings, wrapped in glutinous rice flour, and filled with fish, pork, and diced radish. The day of sending the king of the stove, that is, the 23rd day of December (lunar calendar), is also a festival. On Chinese New Year's Eve, the Hakka family stopped working, gathered the various harvests of the year, had a grand reunion dinner, and the family members who worked outside had to rush back for reunion.

Hello, this question is so big, I'm afraid that if I don't answer comprehensively, I will be attacked by other Hakka people, so let's put it this way, although it is said that they are all Hakka people, but each place still has the characteristics of each place, as far as the place where I live, there are no characteristics now, like many places, sticking Spring Festival, eating Chinese New Year's Eve dinner, greeting the New Year or something, but before (when I was very young) there were still some differences (it can be said that it was a feature), dancing lanterns or something, I don't know when it was gone, it was all replaced by money, and here there is a strong call for the preservation of characteristic culture! That's all, I hope it helps.

It's the same as ordinary people.,It's not very distinctive... The rural ones will be more grand.

Hakka Spring Festival Chinese New Year's Eve taboo:

On the first day of the new year, you can't sweep the floor and take out the garbage, so as to prevent the "wealth" from being swept away; On this day, it is not possible to go to the river to fetch water; inability to move needles and threads; You can't hit your child, etc. Especially during the period from the beginning of the year to the Spring Festival, ominous words such as "death" and "illness" cannot be spoken.

According to the traditional rules of the Zu Hakka family, from the first day of the first month to the third day of the first lunar month, it is not allowed to bring "green" from outside, so before the Chinese New Year, housewives will buy enough vegetables for the Spring Festival.

Then you should consult the Hakka to be able to know.

The Hakka people generally give their children New Year's money, and they also have the custom of worshiping gods and driving out poor ghosts. Most men go out to pay New Year's greetings, children go out to play with firecrackers, and women and the elderly wait at home to pay New Year's greetings.

Tanabata Fighting Skill.

The original theme of this festival was that the girl "begs" to the Weaver Girl. According to folk legend, the Seventh Sister is a weaving expert in the sky, and the girls beg the Seventh Sister to teach her the craft of spiritual ingenuity. The Qixi Festival is mainly a festival activity for girls to worship immortals, beggars, and competitions, so it is also called the Daughter's Day and the Girl's Day.

In addition, because there is a custom of threading needles on this day, it is also called the needle threading festival.

Beggar

The Qixi Festival is also known as the Qiqiao Festival, and has derived a variety of Qiqiao customs.

Legend has it that the Weaver Girl's hands are very dexterous and can weave a beautiful heavenly garment like cloud brocade. In order to allow themselves to have the same skillful hands as the Weaver Girl, the ancient girls would hold silk threads in their hands and thread needles against the moonlight on the night of Qixi Festival, to see who passed through first, and who would be "clever".

Worship the stars

According to legend, the seventh day of the seventh month of July is the birthday of Kuixing, and Kuixing is the first star of the Big Dipper, so it is called Kuixing or Kuishou. Kui Xing Shiwen, in charge of the examination, the champion of the ancient scholars called "winning the championship in one fell swoop", so the scholars who want to seek fame and fame must worship Kui Xing on the night of the Chinese Valentine's Day, in order to bless themselves with the success of the examination.

Drying clothes

Qixi Festival is generally around the beginning of autumn, the sun is still strong, and the ancients have the custom of "July 7, drying cotton clothes".

It is said that the custom of drying cotton clothes originated in the Han Dynasty, because there is the drying pavilion of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty on the west side of the Taiye Pond, and it is common to see palace maids drying clothes on the seventh day of July every year.

Publish books

In addition to drying clothes, Qixi also has the custom of drying books. "The World Speaks New Words" records a very interesting story of drying books. In July, everyone was drying books, and Hao Long, a famous scholar of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, ran to lie down under the sun.

People asked him why? He laughed and said, "I dry books."

In fact, Hao Long is boasting about his talent in his womb, and secondly, he also wants to use this dissolute form to satirize some literati, who only have tangible books on the shelves, but no invisible books in his belly.

1. Threading needles is skillful.

This is the earliest way of begging, which began in the Han Dynasty and flowed in later generations. "Xijing Miscellaneous Records" said: "Han Cai women often wear seven-hole needles in the plackets on July 7, and people are accustomed to it.

Liang Zongmou of the Southern Dynasty said in "Jing Chu Years Chronicles": "On the seventh day of July, it is the evening when the women of the family tie the color building and wear the seven holes, or use gold and silver Yu Shi as the needle. ”

2. Spiders should be coincidental.

This is also an earlier way of begging, and its custom is slightly later than that of needle begging, roughly starting from the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Liang Zongyi of the Southern Dynasty said in "Jing Chu Years Chronicles": "It was the evening, Chen Guaguo begged in the court. There is a happy subnet on the melon, and it is thought to be a match. ”

3. Grinding and drinking.

Mojiule is the children's plaything of the old folk Qixi Festival, that is, a small clay puppet, and its image is mostly a half-arm dress with lotus leaves, holding lotus leaves. On July 7 every year, in Kaifeng's "Panlou Street East Song Gate Wai Tile, Zhou Xiliang Gate Wai Tile, North Gate Wai, South Zhuque Gate Outer Street and Mahang Street, all sell grinding and drinking, it is a small plastic clay ear".

4. Eat Qiaoguo.

Qixi begging for the festival food, the most famous for Qiaoguo. Qiaoguo is also known as "Qiqiao fruit", and there are many styles. The main ingredients are oil, flour, sugar, and honey.

The method of Qiaoguo is: first put the white sugar in the pot and melt it into syrup, then mix it with flour and sesame seeds, mix it well and spread it on the table, cut it into long squares with a knife after cooling, and finally fold it into a fusiform Qiaoguo embryo, and fry it until it is golden brown.

Qixi Festival was known as the Qiqiao Festival in ancient times, and on this day, people will wear needles and beggars to expect blessings.

The women of the ancient mortal world would pray to the Weaver Girl on this day for a happy marriage.

On the 15th day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, in the whole country, it is called the Zhongyuan Festival, also known as the "Obon Festival". However, in the Hakka region in the south, it is collectively referred to as "July and a half". How did the Hakka people spend the seventh and a half months?

After the Hakka people moved south, they inherited the legacy of the Central Plains, and there were customs of the Midyear Festival in various places. In the old days, "July and a half" was the traditional folk custom of the Hakka people, and it was an important festival of the year. "July and a half" is very particular in the Hakka area.

In fact, it is a "Halloween". On this day, the villagers, young and old, men and women of all villages participate in setting up altars to worship ghosts and gods. The people of each village carried the "Gongwang" to visit the village, the gongs and drums were noisy, the colorful flags were fluttering, and the "Gongwang" was welcomed into the village all the way.

When the "prince" carried it to each household, everyone put the incense cases and fruit offerings prepared in advance in front of the door to greet them. At this time, the people of the same clan in the township, regardless of men, women, and children, should gather together, prepare the fruit, three animals, and wine ceremony, and set up an altar in the ancestral hall to worship the ancestors and remember the ancestors. On this day, from morning to night, every household is very lively, and the distinguished customers are full.

In the evening after a day of celebration. Incense and candles, burning money, and setting off firecrackers outside the gate of the ancestral shrine of each surname in the township, and the gong and drum band make a "night night", commonly known as "Pudu". At the same time, it also carries out activities such as "Fu Ping" burning incense to welcome the gods and worship ghosts, so people call it "Ghost Festival".

With the changes of the times, society is constantly improving. The Hakka people are constantly "spitting out the old and accepting the new" during the Midyear Festival (that is, the half of July), abandoning those feudal bad customs and activities in the past during the festival. According to the actual situation and local practical customs, the date recognized by the people in the region was chosen as the festival of the seventh and a half months.

Therefore, there is a period from July 13 to July 15, and during these three days, the villagers choose their own dates. As for the activities of sacrificing ancestors and remembering ancestors, they are still unchanged to this day. Get rid of the feudal habit of asking gods to worship ghosts.

Nowadays, gongs and drums are still used in some places. On this day, families set up a feast to entertain guests from all walks of life, and family and friends gather together, which is more lively than major festivals such as the Spring Festival. Because during the "July and a half" period, the busy summer harvest and summer planting in the countryside have just ended.

The family takes this festival to take a break for a while, and it has a strong color of the times and a sense of life. (Gu Chunlin).