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Balance is a software primarily used for mass balance simulations (Parkhurst et al., 1982), but it can also be used to calculate the isotope chizakura equilibrium and the mixing of two different components of water. Since the balance is not limited by the chemical equilibrium conditions, the simulation results may contradict the calculation results of the saturation index. For example, the balance simulation results show that a mineral has precipitated, but the calculation of the saturation index may show that the mineral has not reached saturation. Or the opposite is true, where the balance simulation results show that the mineral dissolves, but the saturation index calculation shows that the mineral is in a supersaturated state.
Both cases are considered unreasonable, so the simulation results of the balance must be verified with the results of the calculation of the mineral saturation index.
The simulation capabilities of NetPath (Plummer, 1991), which was developed after Balance, have been significantly enhanced. In addition to mass balance simulations, NetPath includes a pre-processing software for easy access to input files, as well as a modified version of the WATEQF program for calculating the equilibrium distribution of water-soluble components and the saturation index of minerals. Therefore, netpath is more convenient for the selection of rational response models.
In balance, the simulator needs to build feasible reaction models separately and then calculate each model individually. NetPath allows the simulator to identify as many reactive minerals as they want, and the software automatically models the reaction and performs the simulations. The simulator can also limit the type of output model so that only the most reasonable model is retained in the output. NetPath can simulate up to 5 water mixes, and its enhanced simulation capabilities include water evaporation and dilution.
In addition, if the isotopic composition of the relevant components in groundwater is analyzed, NetPath can also perform isotopic fractionation of carbon, sulfur, and strontium according to the equilibrium fractionation of the ascending plexus**, according to 14
c. Groundwater dating. In Netpath's illustrative book (Plummer et al., 1994), the authors cite several examples of simulations that can be performed with the software, including weathering of silicate rocks, evaporation of lake water, mixing of acid mine drainage, and the application of carbon and sulfur isotopes in chemical reaction simulations.
Interested readers may refer to the brochure.
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