Who invented the abacus 5, who invented the abacus

Inventor of abacus: Liu Hong.

Liu Hong, whose name is Yuan Zhuo, was born in Mengyin County, Taishan County, Eastern Han Dynasty (now Mengyin County, Linyi City, Shandong Province), and a descendant of Liu Xing, King of Lu in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Xu Yue (?) 220) word Gong River. He was a famous mathematician and astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the world's first "abacus" proposer and "abacus" recorder.

A native of Donglai (now Laizhou City). During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous astronomer Liu Hong created the "Dry Elephant Calendar" and "personally taught it the law" to Xu Yue. Xu Yue devoted himself to the study of the calendars such as obscurity, Shuo, strings, hope, and the eclipse of the sun and the moon, and further improved the "dry elephant calendar", and later taught the calendar to Kan Ze, the secretary of Wu Guozhong, so that the calendar could be implemented in Wu State.

The study of the calendar laid a solid foundation for Xu Yue's future research in arithmetic. He collected a large number of mathematical materials since the pre-Qin period, and wrote mathematical works such as "Records of Mathematics" and "The Need for Arithmetic". The "Records of Mathematics" records in detail the essence of his arithmetic questions and answers with Liu Hong, and introduces 14 calculation methods.

For the first time, the style of the abacus was recorded, and for the first time, it was named "abacus". Emperor Yankang of the Han Dynasty died of illness in the first year (220).

The abacus is a commonly used calculation tool in the daily life of our people. In addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, people who are proficient in the abacus are about the same speed as modern electronic calculators, and the abacus is faster than electronic calculators in addition and subtraction.

Regarding the invention of the abacus, Mei Wending, a famous mathematician in the Qing Dynasty, said in the "Ancient Calculation Strategy" that the method of the bead plate began with Guo Boyu in the early Ming Dynasty. Qian Daxin's "Ten Drivers Fasting and Raising New Records" volume.

Seventeen "abacus" article, according to Taonan Village's "Dropout Record" has the metaphor of walking pan beads and abacus beads, which proves that there was an abacus in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, Zhang Zeduan put an abacus on the counter of a pharmacy in "The Riverside Scene of Qingming Festival", which shows that the abacus has been widely used in Song Dynasty society. The invention of abacus in China is very early, and the mathematician Xu Yue of the Eastern Han Dynasty said in the "Chronicles of Mathematics":

It can be seen that there was an abacus in the Han Dynasty, but the shape of the production is somewhat different from today's abacus, but one bead above the middle beam is five, and each bead below is one, and this structure is still the same as the current abacus. Cheng Dawei of the Ming Dynasty "Algorithm Tongzong" is a book dedicated to abacus, the end of the volume contains "Pan Zhu Ji", "Walking Pan Ji", said to be Yuanfeng (1078 1085), Shaoxing (1131 1162), Chunxi (1174 1189) since the engraving, these are the Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty abacus books, it can be seen that the Northern Song Dynasty has a special book on abacus. The above statements are based on the Qing Dynasty Ling Tingkan's "School Hall Anthology" volume 32 "After the Scholar Cheng Dawei (Algorithm Tongzong)".

Dr. Joseph Needham's History of Science and Technology in China, Volume III, "Mathematics", also adopts Ling Tingkan's statement in the section on "Abacus".

Now it seems that the invention of abacus in China is very early, and it did not start with Xu Yue. According to Xu Yue, his teacher, Liu Hong, once asked Mr. Tianmu, a Taoist scholar, who taught him 14 ancient arithmetics, one of which was abacus. It can be seen that the invention of abacus was also in the Eastern Han Dynasty at the latest.

In ancient times, China used calculations, and invented the abacus that is more convenient than calculations in the long-term practice of production and life, which is the creation and progress of the working people. After the Han Dynasty, the abacus and calculation methods were continuously improved and developed, and the current abacus and calculation methods were already available in the Song Dynasty.

The abacus was supposed to have been invented by working people, and the time was in the Warring States period.

Xu Yue was a mathematician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the inventor of the abacus, and a native of Laizhou.

You don't have to bother, Xu Yue of the abacus invented, my answer is very accurate, if you don't believe it, you can check it, haha!

In fact, it was Xu Yue's math teacher who guided him. The teacher took an apple to teach arithmetic, but there were not enough apples, so he thought of wearing beads.

Why did someone on the Internet say that it was Ling Junpini?

The abacus was invented by Liu Hong.

Liu Hong (c. 129-210 AD), the character Yuan Zhuo, was a native of Mengyin County, Taishan County, Eastern Han Dynasty (now Mengyin County, Linyi City, Shandong Province), and a descendant of Liu Xing, King of Lu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was an outstanding astronomer and mathematician in ancient China, the inventor of abacus and the discoverer of the theory of inhomogeneity of lunar motion. Liu Hong has been intelligent and studious since he was a child, well-read in the six arts, and is knowledgeable, especially good at astronomy and calendar.

When he was young, he stepped into the official career and was recruited to the capital Luoyang by the Taishi Order, and was awarded Langzhong, and later moved to Changshan Changshi.

Liu Hong's book "Dry Elephant Calendar" is the first calendar handed down by mankind to introduce the theory of uneven motion of the moon. The length of the return year of the eclipse is set as the sun, and for the first time, the intersection angle of the white and ecliptic is given at about 6°1 of ancient degrees. The length of the perigee month measured is days, which is very different from the current measured days.

In 190 A.D., he successfully invented the "positive and negative number abacus", so he was respected by later generations as the early founder of the "abacus" and the father of the abacus.

Abacus origins

The abacus originated in China and has a history of more than 2,600 years and is an important invention in ancient China. Before the advent of Arabic numerals, the abacus was a widely used calculation tool in the world. Today, abacus continues to be used in parts of Asia and the Middle East, especially in stores, where it can be bought from stores of Chinese and Japanese goods.

In the West, it is sometimes used by blind sedan chairs to help children understand numbers, and some mathematicians enjoy the joy of using an abacus to calculate simple arithmetic problems.

Although we have entered the age of electronic computers, we cannot but admire the great wisdom of our ancestors when we look at the ancient Chinese abacus. The general abacus is mostly made of wood (or plastic products), and the rectangular wooden frame arranges a number of beads such as a string of hungry sails called a file, and there is a beam to divide the beads into two parts, the upper half of each abacus represents 5, and the lower half of each abacus represents 1. From right to left, each bead represents the decimal digits, tens, hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands.

A set of arithmetic formulas with finger bead rules can solve all kinds of complex operations.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Liu Hong.

More than 2,000 years ago, people began to use small wooden sticks to calculate, these small wooden sticks are called "calculation chips", and calculations made with calculation chips as tools are called "calculations".

It wasn't until the Northern Song Dynasty more than a thousand years ago that the abacus was invented.

Abacus related:Abacus is also a simple calculation tool created and invented by our ancestors, China is the hometown of abacus, in the computer has been widely used today, the ancient abacus has not only not been abandoned, but because of its convenience, accuracy and other advantages, in many countries are in the ascendant.

Therefore, people often compare the invention of the abacus with the four great inventions of ancient China, and there is an abacus painted in the cabinet of Zhao Taicheng's pharmacy in the famous painting of the Northern Song Dynasty "Qingming Riverside Map". Due to the convenience and speed of the abacus calculation, it has been a common calculation tool used by the working people of ancient China for thousands of years, and even the most advanced electronic calculators in modern times cannot completely replace the role of the abacus.

The abacus was invented by Xu Yue.

As early as the 15th century, Xu Yue invented the abacus. The abacus, also known as the Abacus, is a simple calculation tool invented and created by the working people of the Han nationality. China is the hometown of the abacus, and today, when computers have been widely used, the ancient abacus has not only not been abandoned, but has been in the ascendant in many countries because of its convenience and accuracy.

The connection between the abacus and the abacus

The abacus evolved from the common use of calculations as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, and it was not only an important invention in ancient China, but also a calculation tool that was widely used before the advent of Arabic numerals. China is the homeland of the abacus, and today, when computers have been widely used, the ancient abacus has not only not been abandoned, but because of its dexterity.

Advantages such as accuracy are still favored by many people. Therefore, people often compare the invention of the abacus with the four great inventions of ancient China, and believe that the abacus is also a major contribution of the Chinese nation to mankind. However, when did China start to have calculations?

Since the Qing Dynasty, many arithmetic scholars have studied this issue, and Japanese scholars have also devoted a lot of energy to it.

However, due to the lack of sufficient evidence, the question of the origin of the abacus remains controversial to this day. Abacus is a method of using the abacus as a tool to make calculations, and is known as the fifth greatest invention in China. "Mental arithmetic" can change the learning attitude and increase concentration, because when learning the pearl heart, the instrument should be independent and focused thinking, which can cultivate people's concentration and memory.

The abacus also plays an important role in China's economic development, and the development of the abacus has been closely linked to China's economic development since its birth. In addition to helping with business, abacus also plays a role in the development of mathematics and science and technology in China. The pearl ear itself is also an important mathematical achievement and scientific and technological achievement, which supported the further development of mathematics and science and technology in ancient China.