Why do people make money, why do countries make money

One of the most straightforward ways to experience lightness and heaviness.

First of all, it is clear that the state always has to spend money, and the money generally comes from taxes, if the tax money is not enough to spend, then the country may issue treasury bonds for loans, if these two methods can not help the country raise money, then printing money with machines will become the inevitable choice of the country, and this will likely cause hyperinflation. Under normal circumstances, whether the state buys foreign or domestic money, it is possible to directly create currency for purchase, but it will also raise funds from the other two channels first, and the direct issuance of currency will generally be controlled within a certain extent. Otherwise, if the amount is too large and causes high inflation, this is undesirable for a responsible **.

And if inflation exceeds a certain limit, the state can benefit less from issuing more money. You can think that when inflation reaches a certain point, your money is decreasing, and the amount of money the state gets from taxes is decreasing. At the same time, the national issuance of currency (implemented by the bank) will be based on the actual economic situation to draw up the next year's currency issuance plan for the approval of the relevant authorities, there is also a control range, at the beginning of this year there will be an announcement of the year's expected currency issuance, the actual currency issuance of the central bank will also be announced regularly (you can go to the central bank ** to see).

Money is used as a medium to make an exchange.

People make money in order to facilitate the exchange of equal value.

In primitive societies, people bartered for the goods they needed, such as a sheep for a stone axe. However, sometimes due to the limitations of the type of goods used for exchange, it is necessary to find an item that can be accepted by both parties to the exchange. This item is the most primitive form of money - money.

Items that were not easily available in large quantities, such as livestock, salt, rare shells, rare bird feathers, precious stones, sand gold, and stones, were all used as currency. After years of natural obsolescence, items used as money were gradually replaced by metals. The advantage of using metal money is that it requires labor to make and cannot be obtained in large quantities from nature, while it is also easy to store.

Scarce quantities of gold, silver, and smelt-difficult copper gradually became the main monetary metals. With the further development of the economy, metal currencies also showed inconvenience in their use. Large quantities of metal coins are used in large transactions, and their weight and volume are annoying.

As a result, paper money appeared as a symbol of metal money. As a result, metal coins and banknotes became money in the current sense.

In order to show what it means to be rich in Jizhou and what is it to be poor in the capital (poor) The landlord belongs to the latter, hehe, it's all the same, there is no need to take money too seriously.

The initial commercial activity was:"Thing to thing"of the direct exchange.

For example, I want a cow, you have a cow at the same time, but you want a sheep in my hand, so it's straightforward"Thing to thing"of the exchange. Maybe I'll find you half a bag of beans too.

However, in this kind of exchange of goods, the supply and demand of the two sides of the transaction are likely not to correspond, so it is likely that it will take several intermediate exchanges to finally get what you want.

For example: I want a cow, you have a cow, you want a sheep, I don't have sheep but a lot of beans, so I have to find someone who needs beans to do an intermediate deal.

With the development of productive forces, business activities gradually expanded. And so it appeared"General equivalents".Such as rice.

For example: I want something, and my area is based on rice"General equivalents"So I exchanged everything valuable in my hand for rice. Then I traded the rice for what I wanted.

Before the establishment of the state,"General equivalents"Generally, it has real use value. Such as consumption.

After the establishment of the state, money such as copper coins appeared, and they differed from their general equivalents in that money itself had little use value if it was not exchanged for commodities through market activities. Later, paper money, cloth money, and other currencies with no use value at all appeared. The fact that this money, which has no use value, can still circulate depends on the power system of the state.

The profit in the transaction represents only the transfer of ownership of the currency, and the total amount of the currency does not change as a result. The currency issued by the state is subject to macroeconomic regulation and control.

Inflation is when the growth in the total value of money is much greater than the growth in the total value of goods. This greatly reduces the purchasing power of money.

Surplus value is a point of view of Marx, who believed that the value of the worker's production - the worker's remuneration = surplus value. Marx believed that this part of the value was exploited by the capitalists.

In fact, the capitalist's management, decision-making, and assumption of business risks are all indispensable components of production, and this kind of behavior is a kind of labor in itself, and legitimate business activities cannot be equated with exploitation.

Of course, judging from the information released by China, China is still Marxist socialism, so Marx's point of view cannot be wrong.

To facilitate the circulation of goods (this is what the book says), in fact, the question is the same as why to have children, or why chickens lay eggs.

For the sake of order, or it will be chaotic.

For the people to be more active in development.