What are the classifications of jade and how to define them?

Jade is a very wide concept, there are jadeite, Hetian jade, quartz jade, agate, Xiuyu, garnet jade, etc., each of which is different, and the same kind of different quality and size is also different. Jadeite A refers to jadeite raw materials that have not been artificially treated except for cutting, molding, grinding and polishing, that is, natural jadeite. Jadeite A goods have little to do with the value of jadeite, but they are relatively processed B and C goods.

If we talk about the varieties of jadeite: there are A, B, C, B+C, and imitations are collectively referred to as D;

A goods can be divided into green, white, yellow, red, purple, black, two-color, three-color, floating flowers, etc.;

According to the texture, it can be divided into glass species, ice species, bean species, glutinous species, dry green, white background green, etc.;

If you want to distinguish the above types specifically, you need to participate in special training courses and look at a wealth of specimens to master.

Chinese jade is divided into two categories: nephrite and jadeite.

Jadeite, commonly known as "jadeite" in China, is a rising star in China's traditional jade, and it is the top grade of all jade in modern times. Common jadeite colors are white, gray, pink, light brown, green, emerald green, yellow-green, purple-red, etc., most of them are opaque, some are translucent, and have a glass luster. According to the color and texture, there are more than 20 varieties such as ruby green, bright green, yellow yang green, yang pretty green, glass green, parrot green, spinach green, light water green, light yang green, frog green, melon skin green, plum green, blue green, gray green, oil green, and violet and lotus root powder.

Nephrite jade is called true jade, such as white jade, green jade, white jade, jasper and black jade, etc., they all have a waxy luster, pure milky white, from the jade of the past dynasties, our country uses jade to nephrite jade, ancient nephrite jade in our country is called traditional jade. The common colors of nephrite are white, gray-white, green, dark green, yellow, black and other colors, most of them are opaque, some are translucent, and have a vitreous luster. The best of the white jade is as white as mutton fat, which is called mutton fat jade.

Green jade is grayish white to bluish-white, and some people currently refer to gray-white green jade as green and white jade. Jasper is green or dark green, sometimes with black dirty spots, which are caused by impurities such as chrome spinel minerals. When it contains many impurities and is black, it is a precious black jade.

Topaz is also a more prized variety. There is a yellow skin shell of sugar water in the green jade, which is called "sugar jade" by existing people, and some people call it "pink jade" if it is white and slightly pink, and "tiger skin jade" when it is colored by tiger skin.

People who play jade for the first time are most afraid of encountering fakes because they don't understand jade. At present, the identification of glass imitation jade products on the market is probably the most common and simplest of fakes. Common ones are small smooth rings called "jade", small chicken hearts, jade plaques, etc.

Because this kind of glass product is made of pouring mold, the high-temperature molten glass will overflow a little bit on the edge of the utensils when it is in order, and it will become a faintly convex line after cooling. If you touch it with your hands, you will find it with your eyes. If you take a magnifying glass to reflect the light, there must be large and small bubbles in it.

If you don't invite an expert, the first-time jade player should identify the authenticity of the jade by himself, which can be observed from three aspects:

1. Because the texture of the glass is very brittle and hard, the structure is arranged and dredged, and the density and toughness of jade are lacking, and it cannot withstand strong high-speed rotary carving, so it is generally not processed on the glass with high relief and round carving.

Second, use a magnifying glass to find bubbles, even if you can only see one, you can confirm that it is not jade.

3. Chromium oxide is added to the glass, and the color is close to ruby; Cobalt oxide is added, and the color is nearly sapphire; Chromium oxide and copper oxide are added to give the color to the ...... of emeraldsAnd so on, and so on, and there are many kinds of fake jade. However, their tones always appear thin, lacking the oily and rich feeling of natural jade.

The identification of new jade and old jade is different. The identification of new jade focuses on the true and false varieties, the quality of the texture and the finesse of the carving. The identification of old jade is relatively complex, in addition to several basic requirements for new jade, it is also necessary to identify the production of jade and its historical value.

Jade can be divided into nephrite and jadeite, jadeite is also known as jadeite. In terms of chemical composition, nephrite is a silicate containing calcium, magnesium, and iron, while jadeite is a silicate containing sodium and aluminum.

Here are some common ways to identify real and fake jade:

1) Water identification method.

A drop of water is dropped on the jade, and if it is in the shape of a dewdrop, it is a real jade that does not disperse for a long time.

2) Hand touch.

If it is real jade, it will feel cold and lubricated when touched by hand.

3) Observational method.

If you look at the jade against the light, the color is clear and the green color is evenly distributed.

4) Tongue tip identification.

Licking real jade on the tip of the tongue has an astringent feeling, while fake jade does not.

In addition, you can also use a magnifying glass to observe, mainly to see if there are cracks, and if there are cracks, their value is greatly reduced.

The types of jade include jadeite, Hetian jade, Dushan jade, etc.

Jadeite is one of the types of jade, jadeite is known as the king of jade, is the most precious jade, but also the most representative jadeite, its main origin is Myanmar, 95% of the world's commercial jadeite from Myanmar. Hetian jade is the most representative variety of traditional jade in China, its mineral composition is mainly tremolite and actinolite, which can present different colors such as white, turquoise, black, yellow, etc., and the jade is translucent, and it is waxy luster after polishing.

Dushan jade is named after Dushan in the suburbs of Nanyang City, Henan Province, China, and is a unique jade species in China. This kind of jade has bright color, delicate texture, good transparency and luster, and high hardness.

Methods for identifying jade

1. Texture: The texture of natural jade is warm and delicate, it feels more tactile to the touch, the surface has a certain sense of moisturization, and if the quality is good, it is a rigid glass luster, while the surface of fake jade is very rough and has no luster.

2. Clarity: Natural jade has a certain transparency, and the fluorescence reaction can be clearly seen under the illumination of the light, and the interwoven structure of cotton wool in the interior can be clearly seen, while the inside of the fake jade is not transparent and there is no fluorescence.

3. Density: The internal structure of natural jade is dense and hard, with high density and heavy weight, and it will obviously feel a certain pressure when carefully weighed on the hand, while the internal structure of fake jade is loose, the density is small, and the specific gravity is significantly lighter.