What are the characteristics of plants that use insects to spread pollen

Insect-borne flowers mostly have the following characteristics:

1) Most of them have nectar. The nectar glands are distributed in a certain part of the flower, mostly at the bottom of the flower, and the flowers of some plants are formed by the distance between them, and the nectar is stored in them. Flowers with nectar outside are pollinated by bees, flies, beetles, etc., and flowers with nectar hidden deep in the corolla or at a distance are pollinated by butterflies and moths with long mouthparts.

2) Insect flowers often have a special smell. Different plants have different scents and attract different types of insects.

3) Insect flowers tend to have large flowers, significant flowers, bright colors, the color of plants that bloom during the day can be divided into red, yellow, blue, purple and other colors, and the flower color of plants flowering at night is mostly white, which can be identified by nocturnal insects. Although the flowers of some plants are small, they form inflorescences densely and are very prominent, such as lilacs.

4) The pollen grains of insect-borne flowers tend to be large, with sticky substances attached to the surface, and the pollen outer wall is rough and often has spines. It is not easy to be blown away by the wind and is easy to be adhered to by insects. Flowers and insects often adapt to each other and evolve together in the long-term evolution.

The pollen of the wind flower is scattered and scattered by the wind, and then falls to the stigma of the pistil. Wind flowers have formed the characteristics of adapting to wind pollination in the long-term adaptation to wind pollination, and their flowers are densely composed into spike-like inflorescences, soft inflorescences, etc., which can produce a large amount of pollen, pollen grains are small in size, small in mass, drier, more smooth on the surface, and less ornamentation. The stamens of wheat and rice are elongated, and the anthers stick out of the flowers and swing with the wind during flowering, which is conducive to pollen dispersion.

The stigma of the stamens of wind-flowered flowers tends to be long and in the shape of feathers in order to receive pollen. The perianth is inconspicuous or absent. Some wind-borne plants are unisexual or dioecious.

Some woody wind-pollinated plants, such as poplar, tend to bloom first in spring, and the pollination process is not blocked by branches and leaves.

This answer is from our botany textbooks.

Flowers adapted to insect pollination generally have the following characteristics:

1. Insect flowers have a special smell to attract insects. Different plants emit different odors, so the types of insects that tend to be attached are also different, some like aromatic and some like bad smells.

2. Most of the insect-borne flowers can produce honey. The nectar glands are either distributed in various parts of the flower or develop into special organs. Nectar is secreted and accumulates at the base of the flower or within the characteristic distance.

Exposed nectar is often concentrated by beetles, flies, short-snouted bees and moths; The nectar is hidden deep in the corolla and is mostly absorbed by long-snouting butterflies and moths. When insects collect nectar, pollen grains adhere to the insect body and are spread.

3. Another characteristic of insect-borne flowers is that the flowers are large and significant, and have a variety of bright colors. Generally, the flowers that bloom during the day are mostly red, yellow, purple and other colors, while the flowers that bloom at night are mostly pure white, and only nocturnal moths can identify and help pollination.

4. The structure of insect-borne flowers is often adapted to the relationship between pollinating insects, such as the size, body size, structure and behavior of insects, and the size, structure and position of nectar glands of flowers.

5. The pollen grains of insect-borne flowers are generally larger than those of wind-borne flowers; The outer wall of pollen is rough, often with spines; When the anthers crack, they are not blown away by the wind, but stick to the anthers; Insects are easy to touch when visiting flowers and collecting nectar, and attach to the periphery; The stigma of the pistil also has a lot of mucus secretion, and the pollen is stuck once it comes into contact; The amount of pollen is also far from being taught to be small.

Insect flowers have a special smell, most of them can produce honey, the flowers are large and prominent, and have a variety of bright colors. Generally, the flowers that bloom during the day are mostly red, yellow, purple and other colors, while the flowers that bloom at night are mostly pure white. The pollen grains of insect-borne flowers are generally larger than those of wind-borne flowers; The outer wall of pollen is rough, often with spines; When the anthers are dehiscence, they are not blown away by the wind.

The flowers of wind-borne plants are mostly densely formed into spike-like inflorescences or soft inflorescences, etc., and the amount of pollen produced is particularly large, small, smooth surface, dry and light. The pistil of the wind flower is long, and the stigma is often enlarged into a pinnae. Most wind-borne plants have the habit of flowering with leaves.

Insect-borne flowers: bright petals, nectar, large pollen grains; Wind flowers: mostly inflorescences composed of many small flowers, pollen grains are small and light.

Summary. Peach blossoms, apricot blossoms, lilies, sunflowers, rape flowers, etc. are all insects that need to spread pollen.

Peach blossoms, apricot blossoms, lilies, sunflowers, rape flowers, etc. are all insects that need to spread pollen.

These flowers are insect-borne flowers that allow insects to spread pollen, as these flowers emit an aromatic smell when they bloom and have a unique smell that attracts insects, so insects help the flowers to spread pollen.

Are the flowers of rice and corn insect-vectored?

Dear, these two are not.

The flowers of rice and corn are wind-borne flowers, that is, the flowers of rice and corn are wind-borne flowers, which are generally small and not bright, and the flowers are often degraded or non-existent, and there is no fragrance and nectar glands.

What are the types? Their species can be listed as follows: (1) most of the cruciferous plants; For example, choy sum.

Cabbage. Mustard.

Rapeseed. Kale.

turnips, etc.; (2) Most of the Cucurbitaceae plants: eg.

Wax gourd. Gourd or hairy gourd.

Pumpkin or sweet melon.

Loofah. Momordica charantia.

Buddha palm melon. water melon, etc.; (3) Most Rosaceae plants: eg.

Loquat. Apple.

Plum blossom. Seasonal flowers.

Pear. Wheel plum or spring flowers.

roses, etc.; (4) Most magnolia plants: eg.

Magnolia. White orchids.

Yellow orchid. smiling flowers, etc.; (5) Some butterfly flowers: eg.

Fallen peanuts or peanuts.

Sweet pea. Peas or snow peas. long beans, etc.; (6) Partial number of Asteraceae plants: eg.

Admiralty or Golden Burning Mountain Flower.

Marigold. Sunflower.

Autumn Ying or Shanghai chrysanthemum.

lettuce or lettuce, etc.; (7) Some Solanaceae: eg.

Jasmine. Tomato.

eggplant or dwarf melon, etc.; (8) Partial spiral plants: eg.

Morning glory. Wood roses.

urn vegetables, etc.; (10) Some orchids: eg.

Wild orchids. Phalaenopsis.

Slipper orchid or orchid, etc.

Reference: Most of the plant names are based on the Hong Kong Plant Names Catalogue 1966 of the Urban Council, Hong Kong, China

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All plants that have flowers and nectar are.

There are two types of plant pollination, same-flower pollination and cross-pollination; Among them, cross-pollination mainly relies on insects to transport pollen, which is called insect-borne flowers; Those that rely on wind to transport pollen are called wind-borne flowers.

1.The characteristics of adaptation to wind pollination are: the flowers are small, not distinct, and mostly densely formed into spike-like inflorescences or soft inflorescences; The pollen is light, large, dry, smooth and easy to be blown by the wind; The flower column tends to be long, and the stigma is swollen or branched in a pinnate shape, which rises above the outside of the flower, increasing the chance of receiving pollen; Many of them have the habit of flowering with preceding leaves, and because the flowering period often precedes the occurrence of branches and leaves, the pollen emitted by the wind will not be blocked by the branches and leaves.

In addition, the perianth of the aeolian flower is often degraded or absent, and does not have fragrance and nectar glands.

Most of the grasses, as well as the Salix family, Juglans and Shellaceae, belong to the wind pollinators.

2.Most of the insect-borne flowers have a bright and beautiful perianth, aromatic or other smells, or nectar glands. The pollen grains are usually large, with protrusions or patterns on the surface, and the pollen is not easy to be blown away by the wind when the anthers are cracked, and they are often glued into lumps, which are easy to adhere to the insect body, and the pollen amount is generally less than that of wind-borne flowers.

Another characteristic of insect pollination is that the flowers that bloom during the day are mostly bright colors such as red and yellow, and the flowers that bloom at night are mostly white, so that they can be easily identified by insects that are active at night. Insect flowers are mostly bisexual flowers, and under the condition that a certain number of insects are present, the pollinator of hermaphroditic flowers is 1 times more than that of unisexual flowers. The structure of insect-borne flowers is often adapted to the characteristics of specific pollinators, such as sage, rape, sunflower, and apple.

Neither wind pollination nor insect pollination is absolute.

1.There are many insects that can help plants pollinate, mainly bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and moths, as well as yellow-spotted wasps, golden turtles, noctuidae moths, spotted butterflies, etc., and some beetles that live on honey, etc., all of which can pollinate.

2.In addition, there are some large birds that are able to pollinate.

3.If the animal is not pollinated, it must be pollinated by hand.

There are two ways in which plants disperse pollen: self-pollination and cross-pollination.

1.Self-pollination: The process by which the mature pollen grains of a plant are transferred to the stigma of the same flower and can be fertilized and set fruit normally is called self-pollination. In production, pollination between the same plant and different flowers and the same variety is often regarded as self-pollination.

Such as rice, wheat, cotton and peaches.

2.Cross-pollination: Even if it is a hermaphroditic flower, under normal circumstances, the stamens of the same flower will not mature together, therefore, the pistil of the general flower receives the pollen of the other flower, which is cross-pollination.

In dioecious plants, the only way to produce unisexual flowers in monoecious plants is to carry out cross-pollination.

Such as rape, sunflower, apple tree, etc. are cross-pollinated plants.

Plants need to rely on the help of various external forces to spread pollen to the stigma of other flowers. Under natural conditions, cross-pollination relies mainly on insects or wind. Flowers that rely on insect pollination are called insect-borne flowers, such as apple blossoms.

Flowers that rely on wind pollination are called wind flowers, such as corn flower beds, where many kinds of flowers are grown. ）

Pollinators mainly include insects (including bees, beetles, flies and moths) and wind. Hummingbirds, bats and snails can also pollinate, and some plants pollinate through water.

There are two forms of pollination: self-pollination and cross-pollination. Pollination is a unique phenomenon of higher vascular plants, and male gametes are transported to female gametophytes through pollen tubes, so that plant fertilization is no longer mediated by water, which is of great significance for adapting to the terrestrial environment.

Plant pollination under natural conditions is mainly carried out with the help of wind and vector insects, and can also be achieved by artificial aid.