The development stage of geological work led by mining demand

According to its characteristics and uses, it is usually divided into metallic minerals, non-metallic minerals and energy.

There are three major categories of source minerals.

It is the material basis for the development of extractive industries. The variety, distribution and reserves of mineral resources determine the possible development of the sector, region and scale of the mining industry. Its quality, mining conditions and geographical location directly affect the utilization value of mineral resources, the construction investment, labor productivity, production cost and process route of the mining industry, and have an important impact on the development and layout of the primary processing industry (such as steel, non-ferrous metals, basic chemicals and building materials) and the entire heavy industry. The regional combination characteristics of mineral resources affect the development direction of regional economy and the characteristics of industrial structure.

The utilization and industrial value of mineral resources are closely related to the level of development of productive forces and technical and economic conditions, and with the progress of geological exploration, mining and processing technology, the breadth and depth of the utilization of mineral resources are constantly expanding.

According to Article 2 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Mineral Resources Law, the so-called mineral resources refer to the natural resources formed by geological processes and have utilization value, and are in solid, liquid and gaseous states.

At present, 171 minerals have been discovered in China. It can be divided into four categories: energy minerals (such as coal, oil, geothermal), metal minerals (such as iron, manganese, copper), non-metallic minerals (such as diamond, limestone, clay) and water and gas minerals (such as groundwater, mineral water, carbon dioxide gas).

The development trend of geological prospecting is engineering. Geological prospecting has developed from a small number of prospectors and the masses to prospecting by large consortia or special organizations supported by large consortia; From surface observation to the use of various methods to observe and measure in the sky, ground and underground; In the whole prospecting work, the workload of engineering construction (including physicochemical exploration construction and drilling construction), indoor data processing and interpretation, and specimen detection (including laboratory testing) greatly exceeds that of general surface geological observation. The "three treasures" of geologists (hammer, compass, magnifying glass) are still useful today, but their position in prospecting has taken a back seat compared to various advanced instruments; prospecting personnel have changed from walking to using advanced vehicles; All these are the concrete manifestations of the engineering of geological prospecting work.

Under the guidance of the principles of system engineering and information theory, the engineering system obtains underground geology and mineral distribution information more, faster, better and more economically, so that the prospecting work can be optimized. The goal of optimization is to reduce the risk of prospecting.

The results of geological prospecting engineering will lead to the establishment of a mineral exploration engineering system, and change the situation that geological prospecting in China is attached to geology. Mineral exploration engineering needs specialized technical personnel, these people must have the knowledge of information theory, system theory, cybernetics and other horizontal disciplines, know the key points of economic laws, be familiar with the prospecting profession, and be proficient in one of them. In addition, these people are sensitive to the progress of science and technology, and need to be able to use advanced tools such as computers.

The computer is no longer just a tool for quick calculations, but a tool that can replace part of the mental work.

Therefore, it is a very meaningful work to apply the principles of systems engineering to study all aspects of geological prospecting and accelerate the establishment of mineral exploration system.

It should be pointed out that the development of geological prospecting work in all countries in the world is unbalanced, in the past, in the developed countries developed rapidly, now, these countries from their own mining of minerals to the import of mineral products from abroad, geological prospecting work is weakening day by day, and China, as a developing country, has discovered minerals except for a few kinds of minerals, can not meet the needs, geological prospecting work to develop is an objective need. Ridge orange.