What is the definition standard for regular script and line script?

Regular script is also called regular script, true book, and regular book. It gradually evolved from the official book, which became more simplified, horizontal and vertical. Cihai explains that it has "a square shape and straight strokes, which can be used as a model". This kind of Chinese character font is upright, and it is the handwritten orthographic character of Chinese characters that is now popular.

At the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, the writing of Chinese characters gradually changed into waves, and became apostrophes, pinching, and there were strokes such as "side" (point), "sweep" (long apostrophe), "peck" (short apostrophe), "mention" (straight hook), etc., so that the structure became more rigorous. Such as "Wuwei Medical Jane", "Juyan Han Jane" and so on. The characteristic of regular script is that it is neat and tidy, and it is a model in the font, so it is called regular script, and it has been used to this day.

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Xingshu is a general term, which is divided into two types: Xingkai and Xingcao. It developed and originated on the basis of regular script, a font between regular script and cursive script, which was produced to make up for the slow writing speed of regular script and the difficulty of cursive script. "Xing" means "walking", so it is not scribbled like cursive and not as upright as regular script.

In essence, it is a cursive or cursive italization of regular script. The one with more regular law than the grass method is called "line Kai", and the one with more grass method than the regular method is called "line grass". The practicality and artistry of the line script are high, while the regular script is a text symbol, which has high practicality and relatively insufficient artistry. In contrast, cursive writing is highly artistic, but it is relatively less practical.

Wang Xizhi. Wang Xizhi (303-361, 321-379), a small number of characters, Han nationality, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, known as the "sage of calligraphy". Langya Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong) people, later moved to Huiji Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), in his later years lived in seclusion in Jinting, Yan County.

He successively served as secretary Xun, General Ning Yuan, Jiangzhou Assassin History, and later Huiji Internal History, leading the right general. Its calligraphy is good at both li, grass, Kai, and line, carefully studying the posture, copying the hand chasing, drawing on the strengths of the people, preparing the fine body, smelting in a furnace, getting rid of the Han and Wei pen style, becoming a family of its own, and having a far-reaching influence. The style is peaceful and natural, the gestures are euphemistic and subtle, and the style is beautiful and beautiful.

The representative work "Orchid Pavilion Preface" is known as "the first book in the world". In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi are collectively known as the "two kings".

The definition criteria for regular script and line script are very clear, and it is very easy to determine which is the line script and which is the regular script from the structure and strokes. In terms of structure, the regular script gives people a sense of stability and stability, and the line of writing is more elegant. This is one aspect, there is another, that is, strokes, regular script strokes "point horizontal and vertical skimming" have high requirements, line of writing can be drawn and connected when writing.

The structure of regular script is rigorous, and every stroke is indispensable. Because the regular script was formed in the Han Dynasty and slowly evolved and transformed, it followed the penmanship of the official script, but omitted the wave of the official script (we call it "silkworm head swallowtail"). There are several main features of the penmanship of regular script:

Horizontal and vertical, square shape. Because it can be used as a "model", it becomes a "regular script". Regular script is also called "regular book" or "real book", and the reason why it is called "regular book" is because of its square structural characteristics.

It is also called "real book", because the rules are neat, which is the original appearance of this word. Therefore, there is a saying in ancient China to learn calligraphy: "To learn calligraphy, you must first use the law, and you must first write big characters."

The big character is based on the face of the law, the middle block is the law of Europe, the middle block is familiar, and then the small block is collected, and the king of Zhong is the law". Learning calligraphy, starting from regular script, is because regular script best shows the original state of a glyph, from which you can see its true nature, so it is called "real book".

Xingshu is a general statement, which evolved from regular script, and is divided into two types: Xingshu and Xingcao. The penmanship has been simplified a lot, which also makes up for the lack of slow writing caused by the large number of strokes and the correct structure. The structure of the book is not so rigorous, the writing is smooth, and there is a sense of flowing water, so it is called "line book".

The wind bones are sprinkled and the slow walk is a major feature of the beautiful calligraphy, and the artistic conception shown is also profound. Wang Xizhi's work "Lanting Collection Preface", which has the reputation of "the world's first line of books", is a plastic art beauty of "longitudinal lines, no lines", and "seeking peace in danger" throughout the whole article, which is amazing. In terms of brushwork, the circle is used instead of the square fold, and the hook, pick and pull the wire are used to strengthen the echo between the dot and the painting.

This is the distinctive feature of the line script that clearly distinguishes it from regular script.

Xingshu is a calligraphy between regular and cursive, and the main characteristics are that there is a connection between the strokes, the pen speed is faster, and the strokes are reduced. The line book can have the elements of the regular line, which is called the line of the book, and the elements of the grass in the line book are called the line grass.

There are also regular books called true books and regular books. The strokes start and close obviously, the pen speed is slow, the strokes are not reduced, there is no connection, and the rules are decent.

You should first practice official calligraphy, line calligraphy, cursive script, and finally regular script, which is the evolution process of Chinese calligraphy, and there is a scientific reason.

First, the pen is different

1. Writing: When writing the book, usually the pen in the pen is removed, and the method of putting the front into the paper is adopted, which not only saves time but also improves the efficiency of writing.

2, regular script: change the square of the regular script to the circle, and remove the pen, as we all know, the regular script is very complex in the pen, in addition to the oblique, the pen and the pen need to be paused, especially at the turning point need to pause the pen.

Second, the characteristics are different

1. Calligraphy: The strokes of the calligraphy are connected at will, also called the pen. It is written with a drag and drop, the font is irregular, and the size of each word is different. Furthermore, compared with regular script, the strokes are exaggerated, which makes the personality characteristics of the characters more obvious, and most of them are changed to the side of the characters.

2. Regular script: The dot painting of regular script is a little, horizontal, vertical, apostrophe, pinch, pick, fold, hook eight kinds. Although there are very few square characters in the strict sense, they all use squares as their basic fonts.

The origin of the line script and regular script

The origin of Xingshu is earlier than that of regular script, because the true character in Zhensheng Xing and Xingsheng Cao refers to Lishu, which originally means that Xingshu was first developed on the basis of Lishu. Comparing the official script with the regular script, it can be seen that the regular script has the medium gestures of hooking and skimming that the official script does not have, so it is more like the product of the standardization and standardization of the line book.

Differences: 1. Different types.

Xingshu is Chinese calligraphy.

One of the forms, the line.

It belongs to the book.

2. Different styles.

The lines are relatively clear, and the strokes are neat. The line of calligraphy is mostly grassy, relatively smooth, and the strokes are arbitrary.

3. Different uses.

The line is more practical and artistic. Xingshu pays more attention to artistry and is less practical.

Xingshu is developed on the basis of official script, which is intermediate to regular script.

Cursive script is created to compensate for the slow writing speed of regular script and the difficulty of cursive writing to be legible. "Burying the line" means "walking". It's not scribbled like cursive, and it's not as upright as regular script. The one with more regular law than the grass method is called "line Kai", and the one with more grass method than the regular method is called "line grass".

The time of the appearance of the Xingshu is about the same as that of the eight-point regular script, and its form is also very close to that of the eight-point regular script and later official scripts. This is equivalent to conjuring (chapter) cursive script from the official script - deriving other branches from the "orthographic characters". In addition to the official book, the "orthographic character" of the Huan Ling Dynasty is the "eight-point Kai method", so people think that the Xingshu is another branch of the "eight-point Kai method".

In fact, it is also the same as other calligraphy, the original founder is still the general mass writer, as long as the eight points are written with other calligraphy to flow away some and go to its subordinate body potential, it will become a line of calligraphy, in the late Han Dynasty generally unearthed a simple book.

We can see it everywhere. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Xingshu was not universally used. Until Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty.

The emergence of the only one that made it popular.

The regular script is quiet, and the book is moving:

1. The dot painting of regular script is placed in accordance with the basic knot requirements such as balance and plainness, and the dot painting itself requires more strength and a sense of strength. On the surface, the dot paintings in regular script are static, and the echo between dot paintings is not as obvious as that in Xingshu.

2. In addition to the texture and tenacity of the dot paintings, the calligraphy also requires the dot paintings to echo each other and concentrate on each other. When appreciating Xingshu, if our eyes follow the starting strokes of a universe in turn, we will feel the strong sense of flow that runs through the dots and paintings of Xingshu. This sense of fluidity is used in the process of writing, which is one of the prerequisites for us to understand the dot painting of the calligraphy, and to give it life in the process of writing and creating.

The regular script is rigorous, and the line of writing is slow:

1. Because the regular script must strictly abide by the law of dividing the white cloth of the dot back, the placement requirements of the dot painting are very strict, and the slightest move of the position will become a failure, which will affect the image of the whole word.

2. The calligraphy is not only placed freely and casually, but also the form of the dot painting is very different, just like a human face. You can't find two faces in the world who are exactly the same, and you can't find exactly the same style of calligraphy. It's just that the styles of calligraphy are very different, and their aesthetic values are different because of their different charm characteristics.

The dotted and circular quality of a good calligraphy work must meet the aesthetic requirements of human beings in the pursuit of a sense of form.

First, the style of the book is different.

Regular script and line script, both born from the official book, evolved from the official book, the two are both related and similar. The production of Lishu began in the Qin Dynasty, and the Han and Wei dynasties were popular, laying the foundation for regular script.

Second, the stroke style is different.

Regular script strokes are static. The strokes of the regular script, in accordance with the balance, plain, neat and other basic knot requirements are placed, the stroke lines pay attention to the thickness of the same, straight to the straight, the stroke itself requires a sense of strength and strength.

Third, the structure of the chapter is different.

The regular script is well-structured. The regular script is harmonious, the font style in the length is unified, and the font size is the same.

Fourth, the method of moving the pen is different.

The regular script is quiet, and the line of writing is used at the same time. Comparatively speaking, the significant difference between the line and the regular script is that the speed of the line and the pen is faster than that of the regular script. It's so fast, so that the book shows a lot of style.

Radicals and structural techniques for writing letters

1. Shortened, more use of skimming length and vertical short, less short and vertical length. The skimming pen should be slightly heavier, and the vertical pen should not use a hanging needle.

2. People, skimming long and short, skimming stretching and shrinking, skimming and stopping should not be on the same level, note: both strokes should not be too fine.

3. Eight, both strokes should not be too long or too large, but should be short and concise. Pay attention to the various variations in use.

4. Beg, the two strokes echo, pitch to the back, not too thick, not too heavy.

5, the pen is full, the horizontal pen is strong, the pen of the point points to the front of the pen of the horizontal pen, the pen is broken, and the head and tail are taken care of.