What were private schools like in ancient times, and what would be taught in ancient private schools

A private school is a type of private school. In the Qing Dynasty, local Confucianism was in name only, and the places where young people really studied and received education, except for Yixue, were generally in local or private schools, so the Qing Dynasty schools were developed and spread all over the urban and rural areas. Distinguished by funds, one is to hire teachers for wealthy families to teach their children at home, which is called sitting in a hall or a home school; the second is to donate money and learn land for the local (village) and clan, and hire teachers to set up schools to teach poor children, which are called village schools and clan schools (zongshu); (3) If a private teacher sets up a private library to teach students and apprentices for a fee, it is called a door, a teaching hall, a school hall, a book house or a private school.

Most of the teachers are young or old. There is no age limit for each student. There are people from five or six years old to about 20 years old, and most of them are under the age of 12 or thirteen.

The number of students ranges from one or two to as many as thirty or forty. In the twelfth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1886), the Xixi Private School (in today's Chashi Street) was founded by Xiucai Zhu Xingliu and served as a teacher, with more than 20 students at the time of its opening, and more than 40 at its peak. In general, there is usually one teacher, but the number of large village schools is uncertain.

Students are taught individually by their teachers. Young children first know "square characters" (regular script characters written on more than one inch square paper), and after they know about 1,000 characters, they are taught to read the "Three Character Classic", "Hundred Family Names", and "Thousand Character Text". There are also those who directly teach the "Four Books".

Most of the teaching methods are to teach students to read and memorize first, and then the teacher will explain sentence by sentence when appropriate. In addition to reading and reciting, there are character practice classes, starting from the teacher's handrail to moisten the words, then painting red, then writing the book, and then posting. After the schoolchildren roughly understand the meaning of the words, they are taught to be right and prepare for the poem.

After reading the "Four Books", he reads the "Five Classics", and also reads ancient texts, such as "Donglai Boyi" and "Guwen Guan Zhi", etc., and begins to learn composition. Since the imperial examination was popular among the people, the school also attached great importance to the study of the subject script (Bagu Wen) to prepare for the imperial examination. The school rules are very strict, there are strict punishments, and corporal punishment is the norm.

Private schools are teaching places set up by private individuals in ancient China. In the course of China's more than 2,000 years of history, it has played an important role in disseminating the culture of the motherland, promoting the development of education, cultivating and enlightening children, and enabling schoolchildren to read and understand science.

It's similar to the current school, you have to pay tuition, but it's a small house.

It's pretty much the same on TV.

Isn't it just a place to read?

In the enlightenment stage of the private school, you will learn the "Three Character Classic" and "Hundred Family Names".

Thousand Character Texts" and other books, and further study the Four Books and Five Classics. In addition to book learning, they also teach things such as habits, daily etiquette, and morals.

Private schools are ancient teaching places set up by families, religions or individual teachers in China, and have a history of more than 2,000 years in China. "Xue Ji".

The Western Zhou Dynasty was recorded.

The school system: "The ancient teachings, the family has a school, the party has a school, the art is orderly, and the state has a school." "At that time, in addition to studying in the government, there were also some retired ** who would recruit students at home for teaching. Later, private learning arose, Confucius.

He opened a private school in his hometown of Qufu and was the most famous private school teacher.

Later, the Han Dynasty implemented the cultural and educational policy of "overthrowing the hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", and private schools also followed in the footsteps of the state and took Confucianism as the basis of education. In ancient times, children generally entered a private school at the age of six to begin their studies, and children at this stage belonged to the Mongolian Museum. Students do not need to take the exam to enter the private school, and after the gentleman agrees, go to Confucius.

In front of the tablet, kowtow to Confucius and Mr. He, and then go to school. The content of learning begins with "three, hundred, thousand, thousand", that is, "Three Character Classic", "Hundred Family Names" and "Thousand Family Poems".

1000 Words. After the initial stage of enlightenment, one can study the Four Books and the Five Classics.

In addition to book learning, private school teaching also teaches things such as living habits, daily etiquette, and moral norms, such as dressing, forking hands, and making gestures.

In ancient times, private schools had the same function as today's schools, both of which were to teach and educate people, and to make children into pillars of the country. The subtle difference between them is that private schools are completely private, and teachers invite students to their homes and teach them at home, whereas many schools are not only private, but also public. The students in the private school also have to go through a series of tests, and after layers of selection, those who meet the conditions of the imperial examination are selected.

In ancient times, not all families could afford to educate their children, and some children from poor families could not afford to go to school, and only those children of rich families or royal families were qualified and able to enter private schools. In ancient times, private schools were equivalent to elementary schools today, and only children of a certain age were given the opportunity to enter private schools. There are several sizes of private schools, and some teachers teach students in their own homes, which is a small-scale private school, and Mr. Wu He gathers the students into a hut and allows them to learn from each other and make progress together.

Large-scale private schools are built at their own expense, in order to be able to recruit some people who are really talented and learned, and train them well, so as to achieve the goal of prospering the country. The large-scale private school is a hybrid type, and basically the children of rich families take classes with the princess and prince in the palace, so that the students can get to know each other and learn more.

Definition of private school: It is a kind of folk early childhood education institution opened in the family, clan or village in ancient China. It is an old private school, and it is an important part of the ancient private school.

Types of private schools:

1.The teacher's own teaching hall, school hall, and village school, 2A school set up by landlords and merchants, 3A school built with income from the rent of an ancestral hall or temple or private donations.

Educational stage of private school:

1. Initiation education, i.e. literacy education, about one to two years;

2. Reading education, about 3 to 5 years;

3. Lecture and writing composition education, about 5 to 8 years;

Four: the completion of the eight-strand essay, the practice of speculation, and the stage of participating in the imperial examination, about eight to ten years;

Five: Review, continue to practice writing eight strands, and strive to show talents, raise people, and enter the examination.

Teaching materials for private schools:

1.Elementary book: "Three Character Classic", "Hundred Family Names", "Thousand Family Poems", "Thousand Character Text" and so on.

2.Intermediate Edition: Four Books and Five Classics, "Ancient Texts and Views", etc.

Number of teaching hours in private schools:

1.The short teaching time is called "short school", which generally ranges from one to three months, and parents do not have high requirements for this kind of private school, but only ask students to be able to read some words, keep accounts, and write couplets in the future.

2."Long learning" is generally a year or several years, and students learn a lot of content.

Teaching Principles and Methods of Private Schools:

1.Pay attention to the moral education of Mengtong.

2.Mr. is completely injected.

3.Emphasis is placed on retelling and memorization.

4.Corporal punishment is prevalent.

The role of private schools: to spread the culture of the motherland, to promote the development of education, and to cultivate enlightened children.

"Ancient Private School" is a kind of folk early childhood education institution opened in the family, clan or village in ancient Chinese society. It was an old privately run school, centered on Confucianism, and it was an important part of private learning.

Private school is a kind of private learning, the Qing Dynasty local Confucianism has no real name, the place where young people really study and receive education, except for Yixue, are generally in local or private schools. Therefore, the Qing Dynasty schools were developed and spread all over the urban and rural areas. Distinguished by funds, one is to hire teachers for wealthy families to teach their children at home, which is called a teaching hall or a sitting hall; the second is to donate money and learn land for the local (village) and clan, and hire teachers to set up schools to teach poor children, which are called village schools and clan schools (zongshu); The third is that the private library of the teacher teaches the apprentices for a fee, which is called the door hall, the home school, the school hall, and the book house.

Most of the teachers are young or old-fashioned, and there is no age limit for students. From the age of five or six to the age of twenty, there are people on the left and on the right, and most of them are under the age of 12 or thirteen. The number of students ranges from one or two to as many as thirty or forty.

On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party implemented a policy of land reform in the liberated areas, and some students in private schools lost their ability to hire tutors because their land was confiscated. At the same time, with the further deepening of the ideological transformation of the tutors, some tutors felt that it was no longer suitable to set up a museum to make a living, so they sought other jobs. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, private schools gradually disappeared.