What kind of substance is cesium? What is cesium used for? How do I get cesium metal?

1.It is an important material for the manufacture of vacuum parts, photocells, etc., and is chemically used as a catalyst.

2.In nature, cesium salts are found in minerals, and a small amount of cesium chloride is found in carnallite. It is prepared by calcium chloride reduction with calcium at high temperature.

3.element uses.

In order to explore the universe, there must be a new, extremely fast means of transportation. Ordinary rockets and spaceships cannot reach such speeds, and at most they can only rush out of the Earth-Moon system; Only an "ion rocket" capable of flying hundreds of thousands of kilometers per hour can meet the requirements.

As we have said earlier, the outermost electrons of the cesium atom are extremely unstable and can be easily excited and radiated into positively charged cesium ions, so it is an ideal "fuel" for astronautical ion rocket engines.

The working principle of the cesium ion rocket is as follows: after the engine starts, a large amount of cesium vapor is generated, and the cesium vapor is "processed" by the ionizer and becomes positively charged cesium ions, and then accelerates to 150 kilometers per second under the action of the magnetic field, and is ejected from the nozzle, and at the same time gives a strong impetus to the ion rocket to push the rocket forward at a high altitude.

Calculations have shown that the thrust per unit weight of such cesium ions as propellants for space rockets is hundreds of times higher than that of liquid or solid fuel. This cesium-ion rocket can travel in space for a year or two or more!

Caesium, element symbol cs, atomic number.

is 55, located in the sixth period, group ia, the relative atomic mass of cesium.

It is a pale golden-yellow lively golden hall code genus, with a low melting point and a pole in the air.

It is easy to be oxidized, and can react violently with water to produce hydrogen and **.

Cesium was eventually discovered by Professor Kirchhoff and Benson in Heidelberg, Germany, in 1860. They tested mineral water from Durkheim and observed lines in the spectrum that they could not recognize, which meant the emergence of a new element. They produced about 7 grams of cesium chloride from this **, but were unable to produce a sample of the new metal itself.

It was named after its discoverer, Professor Kirchhoff and Bunsen in Latin.

coesius" (meaning sky blue) named cesium.

There is a very rare metal, which is more expensive than **, about 1,000 yuan each, and it is not available for bought. Its texture is very soft, the hardness is very low, it is the easiest metal in the world to be cut, but the temper is very short-tempered, it will start to be natural when it touches the air, and it is even more direct when it meets water**. Although this character is a little unpleasant, it looks beautiful, the appearance is absolutely enough, with the luster of golden cesium, although it looks like **, but the melting point is very low, and it can be melted into liquid metal in the heart of the hand, this is cesium, a very lively metal.

It can only be packed into special dark cloths, which are made of silicate glass, because they cannot be exposed to the air, so they need to be filled with hydrogen, and they cannot be opened directly when they need to be tested, they need to be taken out in kerosene, and they must be very careful, once exposed to the air, they will be ** in an instant. However, although Cesium is very short-tempered, he is very afraid of kerosene, and once he comes into contact with kerosene, he will immediately lose his golden cesium coat and turn into a puddle of black soft mud. This is because kerosene contains impurities such as water and oxygen, which can cause cesium to be covered with a layer of oxide and peroxide, because the hardness is very low, cutting cesium in kerosene is like cutting butter imitation bridge, it does not require much effort at all.

But it's dangerous, if you throw a dark cloth with cesium on a damp wall, it will happen instantly**, and it will quickly oxidize and burn when exposed to the air. At the same time, the flame it burns is different from the ordinary flame, and this is because of the cesium ion. If you put it on a flammable paper towel, you will be able to tell the difference between the two flames more clearly.

At that time, the German scientist Robert Wilhelm himself and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff used this change in cesium to discover cesium.

A German scientist, Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, found out that he had just invented a spectrometer that could separate the light from the smile. So the two of them cooperated and developed a method for discovering gold and cesium. And the discovery of cesium is to make use of the method itself.

A bottle of mineral water from Sweden was placed on the flame of the Bunsen burner and the composition was analyzed with a spectrum analyzer. It found spectra of elements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, lithium, etc., in water, but there were also two blue cesium rays that were very close together. Through trial and error, they determined that it was a new alkali metal element and named it type C, which means cesium azure.

And although cesium is short-tempered, it will ** when it encounters water and air. But its usefulness is also very important. The definition of world time is determined by the time it takes for a cesium atom to orbit and move, and it has a wide range of applications in various high-tech industries such as medicine and aerospace.

The elemental element of this metal is a pale golden yellow, and then it is an active metal with a relatively low melting point, and it is generally distributed on land and in the sea.

This pure difference is a rotten rock species of golden yellow, low melting point of the active metal is very easy to oxidize in the air, and can react violently with the water hungry pants to produce hydrogen.

Cesium is a golden-yellow metal, belonging to a low melting point of the active metal, cesium is easy to be oxidized in the air hail clear gas, it can react violently with water to produce hydrogen and **, cesium has no elemental form in nature, cesium element in the form of salt this hole is distributed in the land and sea.

Physical and chemical properties of cesium: group 1(ia) (alkali metal) elements. Atomic number 55

Stable isotope 133The density melting point boiling point body-centered cubic crystal structure is ductile and has 22 isotopes, and its mass is between 123 and 144. It has all the chemical properties of alkali metals.

It is the strongest element in alkali metal chemistry, with an oxidation state of +1Golden-yellow light metal. The hardness is softer than wax.

Electrons can be emitted in the light. At room temperature, it can interact with all non-metals except nitrogen. It can spontaneously ignite in oxygen or air, react violently with water, react violently with sulfur and phosphorus, and even react violently.

Store in kerosene. The minerals known to form separately are cesanogar and boron-cesium-rubidite. Cesium metal is prepared by reducing cesium chloride with calcium.

Because it is particularly sensitive to light, it is mainly used as a photocell. Cesium halides are good optical materials for the manufacture of scintillation counters and special light pipes. It is also used to make the most accurate timekeeping instrument - cesium atomic clock.

Caesium-137 is a radioactive isotope. It is widely used in the electronics industry, glass ceramics industry, medicine and metallurgical industry.

The cesium content standard book is sold as follows:

Cesium Detection Standard in Aquatic Products (GB T): The maximum allowable residue of cesium is milligram kilograms (mg kg). "Standard for the Detection of Radioactive Substances in Aquatic Products" (GB T): The maximum allowable residue of cesium is 1 milligram kilogram (mg kg).

USA: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set the maximum allowable residual level for cesium to be 1 milligram kilogram (mg kg). European Union:

EU "Standard for the Detection of Radioactive Substances in Aquatic Products" (EU Regulation No.).853 2004) stipulates that the maximum state tremor permissible residue for cesium is 1 milligram kilogram (mg kg).

Caesium, element symbol CS, atomic number is 55, located in the sixth period, group ia, its elemental element is a light golden yellow active metal, low melting point, easy to be oxidized in the air, can react violently with water to produce hydrogen and **. Cesium has no elemental form in nature and is only rarely distributed in the form of salt on land and in the sea. Cesium is an important material for the manufacture of vacuum parts, light hole elbow tubes, etc.

The radionuclide CS-137 is one of the radioactive contamination leaked from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan. Cesium is located in the ia group of the sixth cycle and is a silvery-gold alkali metal that is very soft (it has the lowest hardness on the Mohs scale of all elements) and is malleable. Cesium metal is not radioactive, but cesium metal is a hazardous chemical, which is flammable and spontaneously combustible when wet.

Care should be taken when using it.

The laws of metallicity and non-metallicity of the periodic table are:1) In the same period, from left to right, the metallicity weakens and the non-metallic property increases. The metallicity of the same main group increases from top to bottom, and the non-metallic property decreases.

The most metallic is cesium, which is located in the lower left corner, and the most non-metallic is fluorine, which is located in the upper right corner.

2) The stronger the metallicity, the easier it is for the element to react with water or acid to replace hydrogen, and the corresponding most ** oxide hydrate is more alkaline. The stronger the non-metallic pie impulse, the easier it is to react with hydrogen, the more stable the gaseous hydride generated, and the more acidic the corresponding most oxide hydrate.

Determination of the metallicity of metallic elements:As far as the metal atom loses electrons, under certain conditions, the easier it is to lose electrons, the less energy it absorbs, and the more difficult it is to lose electrons, the more energy it absorbs, so the metallicity of metal elements can be judged according to the amount of energy absorbed by metal atoms when they lose electrons under the same conditions.