What is the main terrain of Africa and what is the topography of Africa

The topography of Africa, which can be said to be a vast plateau rising from a narrow coastal strip, is made up of ancient crystalline rocks. The plateau is higher in the southeast and then dips downwards to the northeast. Overall, the plateau can be divided into the southeast and northwest parts.

It is roughly bounded by the mouth of the Congo River to the northern edge of the Ethiopian plateau (the southeastern half of the plateau is mostly above 1000 meters above sea level, called high Africa; The northwestern half is mostly below 500 meters above sea level and is called Low Africa). The northwestern part contains the Sahara Desert and the well-known Maghreb region of North Africa, with two mountainous regions The Atlas Mountains in Northwest Africa, which are thought to be part of the mountain system that juts into southern Europe; The Ahagar Mountains of the Sahara. To the southeast of the plateau are the Ethiopian Plateau, the East African Plateau and the Longshan Mountains in eastern South Africa, and the edge of the eastern South African Plateau slopes down like a steep slope.

The plateau is dominant, also known as the "plateau continent". There are East African Plateau, Ethiopian Plateau, South African Plateau.

However, the average altitude is lower than that of Antarctica and Asia, ranking third.

Africa is dominated by highland terrain, but there are also some basin river valleys.

The highland terrain is predominant, with the Sahara Desert in the north and tropical rainforests in the center.

The plateau is predominant, and the climate is savannah and tropical desert.

Basically, the plateau desert is the main body, and the geological structure is unstable.

Topography of Africa:Africa is bordered by the Indian Ocean in the east and the Atlantic Ocean in the west, and the terrain is dominated by plateaus, high in the southeast and low in the northwest, with an average altitude of more than 600m, and is known as the "plateau continent". The northern part of Africa is a desert (Sahara Desert), the central part is a basin (Congo Basin, Congo River), and the eastern part is a highland mountain (Ethiopian Plateau, East African Plateau, South African Plateau, Kilimanjaro, Great Rift Valley, Nile River).

Africa's natural environment

There are not many islands off the coast of Africa, most of them are very small, and the islands cover only 2 per cent of the continent's area. The continent is wide in the north and narrow in the south, like an unequal triangular coast with straight coasts and few bays and peninsulas.

Africa's taller mountains are mostly located along the coast of the highlands: the Atlas Mountains on the northwest coast, Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro on the east, and the Drakensian Mountains on the south. Mount Kilimanjaro is an active volcano with an altitude of 5,895 meters, making it the highest peak in Africa.

Africa's major rivers are affected by geological structures and other natural factors, and the water system is more complex, with many rapids and waterfalls, according to the length of the Nile River (6,671 kilometers in length, the longest river in the world), the Congo River (Zaire is called the Zaire River), the Niger River, the Zambezi River, the Ubangi River, the Kasai River, the Orange River, etc. Most of the lakes are found in the East African Rift Belt.

Refer to the above content: Encyclopedia - Africa.

The terrain of Africa is dominated by plateaus, and the ground is not very undulating, and it is called the "plateau continent". The average altitude is more than 600 meters, and the terrain slopes from southeast to northwest. The Atlas Mountains are laid in the northwest and the Drakens Mountains in the southeast.

The topography of Africa can be divided into 3 parts: first, the plateau. From north to south, there are Ethiopian Plateau, East African Plateau, South African Plateau, and Mount Kilimanjaro (5895 meters above sea level) is located in the East African Plateau and is the highest peak in Africa.

In eastern Africa, there is a fault subsidence zone that runs through the north and south - the East African Great Strike Valley Belt, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, and there are a series of narrow and deep lakes at the valley bottom;

Second, the basin. The central part is the vast Congo Basin, which was originally a vast inland lake, and then formed by the rise of the earth's crust, the river cut downward, and the lake water leaked out;

Third, the desert. To the north is the Sahara Desert, with an area of more than 7.7 million square kilometers, making it the largest desert in the world.

Mountains of the African continent.

There are only two folded mountain ranges on the African continent: the Cape Mountains at the southern tip of the continent and the Atlas Mountains in the northwest. Although they occupy a certain area, their extent is still small when viewed from the whole continent.

The reason for the lack of folded mountains is that the ancient continents of Africa have a long history, and the folded mountains formed by paleoorogeny have long been leveled.

The orogeny since the Paleozoic Era can only fracture the rigid platform, but cannot cause it to form folds. That is, it can only create blocky mountains, not linear folded mountains. The above two mountain ranges were attached to the paleocontinent by the late strata of the outer margin of the paleocontinent that were extruded and folded during the late tectonic movement.

The topographical characteristics of Africa: mainly plateaus, the terrain is undulating, and it slopes from southeast to northwest.

The Sahara Desert is in the north, the Ethiopian Plateau, the East African Plateau, and the South African Plateau in the east, and the Congo Basin in the west near the central equator.

The terrain of Africa is dominated by plateaus, and the ground is not very volatile, and it is called "the plateau continent". The average altitude is more than 600 meters, and the terrain slopes from southeast to northwest. The Atlas Mountains are found in the northwest and the Drakensnes in the southeast.

Geographical location:Africa is located in the southwest of Asia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and Europe across the Mediterranean Sea to the north.

The mainland is bounded by Cape Havon in the east, Cape Agulhas in the south, Cape Verde in the west, and Cape Gilan in the north. It covers an area of about 30.2 million square kilometers, with a length of 8,000 kilometers from north to south and 7,403 kilometers from east to west. It accounts for about the total land area of the world, second only to Asia, and is the second largest continent in the world.

Topographic features:Africa is a vast plateau that rises abruptly from a narrow coastal strip, rising higher in the southeast and then dipping down to the northeast. Overall, the plateau can be divided into the southeast and northwest parts.

The northwestern part is home to the Sahara Desert and the well-known Maghreb region of North Africa, with two mountainous areas: the Aqin Hutras Mountains in Northwest Africa, which are thought to be part of a mountain system that juts out into southern Europe; The Ahagar Mountains of the Sahara. In the southeastern part of the plateau are the Ethiopian Plateau, the East African Plateau and the Longshan Mountains in eastern South Africa, and the edge of the eastern plateau of South Africa slopes like a steep slope.

The largest desert in the world, the Sahara Desert.

The longest river in the world – the Nile.

The Congo River, the largest river in Africa.

The largest peninsula in Africa, the Somali Peninsula.

The largest island in Africa - Madagascar.

The largest lake in Africa – Lake Victoria.

The deepest lake in Africa – Lake Tanganyika.

Africa's largest bay - the Gulf of Guinea.

The highest peak in Africa - Mount Kilimanjaro.

The world's longest rift valley – the Great Rift Valley.

The world's largest basin - the Congo Basin.

The largest waterfall in Africa, the Gullies of Victoria (Moséotunia Falls), the longest strait in the world, the Strait of Mozambique.

The best-preserved of the Seven Wonders of the World – the Pyramids.

The African continent is wide in the north and narrow in the south, and has an unequal triangular shape. The longest from north to south is about 8,000 kilometers, and the widest from east to west is about 7,500 kilometers. Africa is a plateau continent with relatively flat terrain and distinct mountain ranges limited to the northern and southern ends.

The average altitude of the whole continent is 750 meters. The plateau at an altitude of 500 to 1,000 metres above sea level occupies more than 60 per cent of the continent's area. Mountains and plateaus above 2,000 meters above sea level account for about 5% of the continent's area.

Plains below 200 meters above sea level are mostly found along the coast. The topography is roughly bounded by the mouth of the Congo River in the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the northern edge of the Ethiopian plateau, with the southeastern half higher and the northwestern half lower.

The northwest half is called low Africa, with an altitude of less than 500 meters, and most of it is low plateaus and basins, including the upper Nile Basin, the Congo Basin and the Chad Basin.

Extended information: The outflow from Africa is about 68.2% of the continent's area. Most of the Atlantic outflow water systems are large rivers with long origins, including the Nile, Congo, Niger, Senegal, Volta, Orange, etc.

Africa's desert area accounts for about 1 3 of the continent's area, making it the largest continent in terms of desert area. The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, with an area of 7.77 million square kilometers; There are also the Namib Desert and the Kalahadi Desert in the southwest.

Africa's taller mountain ranges mostly stand in the coastal zone of the plateau, and the northwest coast has the Atlas Mountains; On the southeast coast there are the Drakensi Defeat Mountains; To the east are Mount Kenya and Mount Kilimanjaro. Mount Kilimanjaro is an extinct volcano with an altitude of 5,895 meters, making it the highest peak in Africa.