What is the topographical area near the Tropic of Cancer in Africa

The African continent has a tropical desert climate near the Tropic of Cancer.

The northern continent of Africa has a large area and a long distance from east to west, which is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone, with sinking air currents and scarce precipitation, forming the world's largest tropical desert climate. The eastern region is close to western Asia, with a small ocean area, and the drought is exacerbated by the influence of the offshore winds from western Asia, and the tropical desert climate extends to the eastern coast.

Located in the Tropic of Cancer, the climate of northern Africa is a tropical desert climate, with drought and heat all year round, especially in the hot season.

The tropical desert climate is distributed between the Tropic of Cancer and 30°N, and is caused by the alternating control of the subtropical high pressure zone or the trade wind belt. It has many characteristics, such as many sunny days, strong sunlight, dryness, hot summer, large temperature difference between day and night, wind and sand, and so on.

The key to this is "dry". Because it is dry, there are few clouds and rain, more sunshine, and stronger sunlight; Because it is dry, there are no clouds in the sky, it cannot block part of the sun, there is no moisture on the ground, it cannot evaporate and cool, and the heat of the sun on the ground is all used to heat the earth and air, so the temperature in summer is particularly high, and the temperature difference between day and night is particularly large; Because it is dry, there are few plants on the ground, and when the wind blows, the sand is blown.

The high temperature on the surface of the desert makes the temperature difference between the upper and lower levels of the air layer close to the ground very large. The distribution of the temperature above the cool and hot at the bottom of the air layer can reflect the distant scenery in front of the traveler, which is called a mirage in meteorology, commonly known as a mirage. Therefore, travelers in the desert often see a blue lake in front of them, but in fact it is a reflection of the distant sky, which makes them rejoice.

On the black asphalt road in the summer afternoon, you can often see a pool of blue water on the road ahead, but when you get closer, you can see that it is gone, and it moves to the front. This is also the ** mirage on the road.

The four seasons in the desert are very different from those in other places at the same latitude. In eastern China, because of the monsoon continental climate, the spring and autumn seasons are already short. In desert areas, however, spring and autumn are shorter.

Because the desert area is too dry, there is no moisture conditioning. In the spring, the temperature rises sharply, and in the autumn, the temperature plummets, and the spring and autumn seasons add up to only about 2 and a half to 3 months.

Spring and autumn are short, but winter and summer are exceptionally long, so it has been described as "the arid regions of Central Asia, where there are only two seasons a year: winter in Siberia and summer in the Sahara."

There's a bit of truth to that. The temperature variation in a desert climate is the most extreme of all climates in the world. Specifically, the tropical desert climate zone has the following climatic characteristics:

Summary of tropical desert climate characteristics: drought and heat all year round, especially in the hot season.

The Tropic of Cancer in northern Africa passes through the Sahara Desert and has a tropical desert climate with high temperatures and dryness.

The equator crosses the central part of the continent, and the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer cross the north and south of Africa, respectively.

As shown in the figure below:

The area around the Tropic of Cancer on the African continent has a tropical desert climate, and the reason for the low precipitation here is that it is controlled by the subtropical high.

The tropical desert climate is distributed on the north and south sides of the savannah, mainly the Sahara Desert and Kalahari Desert in Africa, the Arabian Desert in West Asia, the Northeast Western Australia Desert in Oceania, the California Desert in North America, and the Atacama Desert in South America.

There are many characteristics of the desert climate in the desert zone, such as many sunny days, strong sunlight, dryness, hot summer, large temperature difference between day and night, wind and sand, and so on. The key to this is "dry". Because it is dry, there are few clouds and rain, more sunshine, and stronger sunlight; Because it is dry, there are no clouds in the sky, it cannot block part of the sun, there is no moisture on the ground, it cannot evaporate and cool, and the heat of the sun on the ground is all used to heat the earth and air, so the temperature in summer is particularly high, and the temperature difference between day and night is particularly large;

Controlled by the subtropical high and the northeast trade wind belt, the latitude is low, the high temperature, and the northeast trade wind is relatively dry due to the influence of the distribution of sea and land, and the subtropical high is a downdraft, which is not easy to form clouds and rainfall.

Controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone or trade wind belt, it is hot and dry all year round, and has a tropical desert climate.

It is controlled by the subtropical high all year round, and there is little precipitation.

It is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone throughout the year, with prevailing downdrafts and low precipitation.

Important latitude and longitude in Africa: Do you want to ask the longitude of the Great Rift Valley (35°E) or the **longitude of Africa (15°E)? Both are very important, the important latitude is the equator (0°), and the equator and the Great Rift Valley together are called the East African Cross.

Equator: 0° parallel.

Through Africa, Asia, South America.

Tropic of Capricorn: 23°26 s n.

The Tropic of Capricorn passes through Africa (note that it passes through Madagascar, which is easy to ask), Oceania, and South America.

The Tropic of Cancer passes through Africa, Asia, and North America.

20°W: The coil of latitude at 20 degrees west longitude (20°W) and 160 degrees east longitude (160°E) divides the Earth into two hemispheres. From 20°W to 160°E is the Western Hemisphere and East is the Eastern Hemisphere.

Across the 20°W Atlantic, Arctic Ocean, Greenland.

0°: The 0° latitude is the equator, needless to say. The 0° meridian is the longitude that passes through the position of the Greenwich Observatory in the United Kingdom, and also becomes the prime meridian (note that it is different from the international date change line).

The equator passes through Africa, Asia, and South America.

The prime meridian passes through Europe, Africa, Antarctica.

20°E has no special significance.

Through the Arctic Ocean, Europe, the Mediterranean, Africa, Antarctica.

40°E has no special significance.

Is it these problems to cross the Arctic Ocean, Europe, West Asia, the Red Sea, Africa, the Mozambique Channel, the Indian Ocean, Antarctica? I would like to see more exchanges on geographical issues.

Click to enlarge and then right-click --- Save As. You can zoom in and see it.

I don't know geography, I'm sorry!

The African continent through which the Tropic of Cancer passes through all has a tropical desert climate, and the area through which the Tropic of Cancer passes through has a savannah climate in addition to tropical deserts.

This is relatively uniform with the topography of North Africa, with few influencing climate factors, and is greatly affected by the northeast trade winds from West Asia, all of which form a tropical desert climate. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the area where the terrain is high in the east and low in the west, and the terrain difference is large, and the east is greatly affected by the southeast trade winds from the Indian Ocean, so that the eastern part forms a savannah climate.

The entire territory of northern Africa through which the Tropic of Cancer passes is a tropical desert climate for the following reasons:

1) Sea and land factors: North Africa is located on both sides of the Tropic of Capricorn, which is controlled by the subtropical high pressure zone all year round, and the dry and hot downdraft prevails, and the African continent is narrow in the south and wide in the north, and the range controlled by the subtropical high pressure belt is large, and the dry and hot area is wide.

2) Influence of pressure zone and wind belt: North Africa is close to the Asian continent, and the northeast trade winds blow from the eastern land, which is not easy to form precipitation, making North Africa drier. As a result, the eastern part of North Africa also has a hot and dry climate.

3) Topographic factors: The coastline of North Africa is straight, and there is the Ethiopian plateau on the east side, which blocks the humid coastal airflow and makes the vast inland areas not affected by the ocean. At the same time, the terrain of North Africa is single, the terrain is flat, the ups and downs are not large, and the climate is single, forming a large area of desert areas.

4) Ocean current factors: The Canary cold current passes through the west coast of North Africa, which has a cooling and dehumidifying effect on the western coastal areas, making the desert close to the west coast.

The southern part of mainland Africa crossed by the Tropic of Capricorn has a tropical desert climate to the east, a savannah climate, and a tropical rainforest climate on the eastern side of the island of Madagascar.

Southern Africa also has a tropical desert climate, southwest Africa is affected by the southeast trade winds, the subtropical high pressure zone and the Bönala cold current, but because the southern hemisphere has a small land area and a vast ocean area, it is less affected by the dry and hot winds, only the southwest region is too far away from the eastern ocean to be affected by the warm and humid components of the southeast trade winds, and there are cold currents passing through, so there is a tropical desert climate. The trade winds in the southeast come from the ocean, unlike the north of Africa, which is relatively dry from the continent, and the trade winds here contain water vapor, and the trade wind belt moves to form a tropical savannah climate in the dry and wet seasons and extends to the north and south in a balanced manner.

As for the island of Madagascar, theoretically, by its latitude, it should be a savannah climate. (controlled alternately by equatorial low pressure and trade wind belt) However, due to the topography of the island, which is high in the east and low in the west, the east is located on the windward slope, and there is a lot of rainfall. Coupled with the influence of the warm current of Madagascar on the east coast, the temperature and humidity increase, so the tropical rainforest climate is formed.

The western part of the country maintains its natural climate.

Theoretically, the Tropic of Cancer is the boundary between the tropical yard sail and the north-south temperate zone. In terms of actual climate distribution, the Tropic of Cancer in Africa is located in the tropical climate zone.