What is the status of the first seat?

Theravada is also known as elder, elder, shangza, shangza, head. This term refers to those who have been ordained for more years (dharma) among the monks, or to those who are older, and sometimes it is also used as an honorific title for monks. The first seat refers to the monk who is in the upper seat.

Ciming Zen Master Quotations": "First of all, Fenyang pre-said the first seat: 'There are different monks who have not been there for a long time, and they have preached my way.

The fourth chapter of "Water Margin": "Elder Zhizhen in the temple learned about it, and led the first seat and the waiter out of the mountain gate to greet him. "The Outer History of Confucianism" Chapter 38:

The first seat led a group of monks to pay homage to the old monks. "Pawn seat] refers to the priesthood of the public porridge in the Zen forest. One of the six governors of the Eastern Order.

The two prologues of the fourth volume of the Imperial Decree (Taisho 48.1132c) 'Pawn seat, in charge of the public porridge, all the offerings are in the fine, the material is reconciled and the inspection and control of the bureau affairs, the permanent residence is protected, and the people are not violent, and the people are disciplined, they obey the rules, they are invited to do the same, they are not slack, they are the gardeners, they are planted in time, they are all profitable, they cook porridge and rice at two o'clock, the food is not different, the porridge and rice are on the bucket, first look at the monk's hall, burn incense and worship, and then send it to the hall. According to the name of the throne, it is taken from the phrase "the seat of the throne". The Vinaya of the Maha Sangha, Vol. 6 (Taisho 22·280a) 'At that time, there was a monk named Dha Malamazi, and the monks worshipped the scriptures and knew the nine things.

Nine things, the pawn to pay the bed, the pawn to ask for the meeting, the pawn to divide the house, the pawn to divide the clothes, the pawn to divide the flowers, the pawn to divide the fruit, the time to know the warm water people, the time to divide the miscellaneous cakes, the time to know the casual and the people. It is a famous monk who worships the canon and knows nine things. The one who knows the nine things in the general canon is called the governor.

The throne is named after the 'bed seat'. "The History of the Great Song Dynasty Monks" Juan Zhongyun (Taisho 54·245a) 'The person who takes the throne is called the main bed seat of the canon, and everything is seated, and the color is taken by it, which is also a miscellaneous matter. Today, the Zen family calls the person who eats the porridge as the throne, and it is the transformation of its righteousness.

Zuting Shiyuan" Volume Eight Clouds (Swastika 113·237a) 'Today's Zen Gate is along the way, in order to establish this name. Although this position is in charge of cooking and other miscellaneous duties, it has been highly valued since ancient times. Choose more enlightened people to fill the position, so as to show that the way in daily life cannot be ignored.

Yongping Qing Gui Volume on the Lessons of the Throne Cloud (Taisho 82·320a) 'The position of the throne is to take charge of the food of the monks. Zen Garden Qing Guiyun to support the monks, so there is a canon. From the ancient Taoist heart of the monk, the heart of the master, the job of filling.

If there is no Taoist heart, it will be in vain and hard, and it will be useless after all. In addition, the monks who are subordinate to the throne and are ordered by him include rice, porridge, rice, firewood, garden, etc. Beg.

The first seat, one of the four major class leaders, its status is second only to the abbot monk, and it is often filled by those who are both virtuous and cultivators in the jungle. The first is the head of the east and west orders, and his position is to lead the monks of the whole temple on behalf of the abbot, that is, "the abbot of the exemplary jungle auxiliary yi." Separate seats, after the teaching.

Call to pat the sitting meditation to lead the crowd and abide by the rules. The porridge is coarse, and the deacons are exhorted. If the monk fails to behave, he will be punished according to the regulations.

The old man died of illness and mourned his death. All things. All must be held, such as clothes with collars, such as nets with outlines" ("Baizhang Qing Gui Zhengyi Ji - Two Prologues to the First Seat" volume 6).

Professional responsibilities touch the chain.

The responsibilities of the first seat can be summarized in two main aspects; The first is to assist the abbot, handle the affairs of the temple according to the abbot's instructions, punish the foul monks cited by the Vena or the Zhike, and supervise the deacons to perform their duties. The second is to set an example for the monks, such as the squatter house where they live should be neatly hung up in a single tent, the food can not be picky and tired, the walk should be calm, rest on time, go to bed early and get up early, etc.

Professional status. The position of the first one among the deacons of the temple is very important, so from the Song Liao to the modern era, there are cases of the first Xiaoliang out of the main temple as the abbot, and many of the abbots of the temple are changed to the first seat of the big temple, that is, the so-called "generous respect, if the abbot can be courteous, please also fill this position" ("The Sixth Book of the Two Prologues" Volume 4). In some jungles, there is a seat above the head, which is the head of the deacons.

The seat must be held by a respected Buddhist priest, otherwise, the position of deacon may become vacant.

1).Refers to the Prime Minister. Tang Fan's "Yunxi Friendship Discussion" Volume II:

In the second year of Yuanhe, Cui Shilang re-knew the tribute, and searched for the people of the rivers and lakes. In the early spring, twenty-seven people will be put and the first, and the name will be presented to the Prime Minister's Mansion, only to see the first Li Gong, and the public will ask: 'Wu Wuling and the first?'

Zizhi Hail Limb Tongjian: Later Tang Zhuangzong Tongguang Two Years": "Kong Qian replied to Guo Chongtao and said: 'The first prime minister has a lot of opportunities, and he is far away, and there are many books and books to rent, so it is better to try more.

Hu pants sang to the three provinces Note: "Douluge was the prime minister at the time. ” 2).

Refers to a monk who is in a position of high authority. "Quotations of Zen Master Ciming": "First of all, Fenyang pre-words first:

Not for a long time, there are different monks to preach my way. The fourth chapter of "Water Margin": "Elder Zhizhen in the temple learned about it, and led the first seat and the waiter out of the mountain gate to greet him.

The 38th chapter of "The History of Confucianism": "The first seat led a group of monks to pay homage to the old monks. ” 3).

The seat of the most respectful Hu Zheng. Qing Zhao Yi poem "Wang Ping Zhou Buys Chrysanthemums as Flowers to Invite Everyone's Banquet Collection": "The first seat of Xuangong is eighty-four, and the rest of the time is on the shoulder."

Guo Moruo's "High Gradual Departure" Act III: "Okay, I'm in the first seat for the time being." ”