The way of life of the Hemudu people, the life of the Hemudu people

3 allThe people of Hemudu lived a settled life, lived in dry stilt houses, used boats and rafts to carry people and goods, floated water to collect, used knives, daggers, hammers, shovels, spears, bowls, tubes, small sticks, handles, spinning wheels, butterfly tools and other wooden tools, cultivated artificial rice, raised domestic pigs, dogs and buffalo and other livestock, and dug wells.

In terms of artefacts, stone tools are less numerous, mainly hunting tools such as axes, but also ornaments. Most of them are wooden and bone tools, among which the earliest wooden ornament in China, the wood carved fish, other tools include ploughing utensils made of wooden handles and bones, and cutting tools such as knives and shovels, as well as a large number of textile tools.

Cooking method. Archaeological excavation data show that the Hemudu people mainly cook food in three ways: roasting, boiling, and steaming.

Roasting is the most primitive and simple cooking method, without using any cooking utensils, directly put animal meat and plant fruits in the fire to cook.

During the excavation of the site of Liaojia Mountain, which is only 1 km away from the Hemudu site, two remains of barbecue food of the Hemudu people were found. One ruin was on flat ground, made of a jumble of tree branches, the middle of which showed signs of fire, and the surrounding area was littered with barbecued bones and food remnants. The other remains were originally an ash pit, and after half silting up, people filled it with a layer of stones as a barbecue surface, and on top of it was a layer of ash mixed with fish bones and animal bones, some of which were still black due to the fire.

Hemudu people are ancient humans who lived in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River for more than 7,000 years. They built houses, used boats and rafts to carry people and loads, floated water to collect, used knives, daggers, hammers, shovels, spears, bowls, tubes, sticks, handles, spinning wheels, butterfly tools and other wooden tools, cultivated artificial rice, and raised domestic sheep, deer, monkeys and other livestock. The earliest lacquerware found in China was unearthed in Hemudu, and its pottery production was of a certain standard, with an estimated maximum firing temperature of 1,000 degrees Celsius.

The Hemudu site was discovered in 1973, with a total area of 40,000 square meters and four cultural layers. The lowest layer has been dated to 7,000 years ago. Through two scientific excavations in 1973 and 1977, nearly 7,000 pieces of cultural relics such as production tools, daily necessities, decorative handicrafts, artificially cultivated rice relics, dry-column building components, animal and plant remains, etc., were unearthed, which fully reflected the prosperity of the matriarchal clan period of China's primitive society.

The excavation of the Hemudu site provides extremely precious physical evidence for the study of the agriculture, architecture, textile, art and other oriental civilizations at that time, and is one of the most important archaeological discoveries since the founding of China.

The Hemudu people live in the Yangtze River basin. Hemudu culture.

It is an early culture of the Neolithic period in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In the ruins, the remains of the "ganlan" type building were found, and the mortise and tenon joints were used between the beams and columns.

Jointing, the floor is densely assembled with tongue and groove boards, and it has quite mature wood construction technology.

The utensils include stone axes, stone chisels, bone rakes, bone axes, etc. The pottery is black pottery, and there are five main types of pottery: kettles, bowls, pots, pots, and plates, and Jomon patterns and patterns depicting animal and plant images are widely used on them. At the same time, a large number of rice remains were found, indicating that agriculture had become the main sector of production at that time.

Domestic animals such as pigs, dogs, and buffaloes were also raised.

Cultural significance

This is a Yangshao culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

Completely different types of cultures. Its age is quite ancient, according to the dating of its age, about 4,800 years B.C., is an important site of the Neolithic Age in China.

The discovery of this site proves that the ancestors have learned to grow rice from the time of the dawn of Zhiye, and now the mountains and mountains have a history of 7,000 years, and it proves that the ancestors are not only in the Yellow River Valley.

At the same time, it has also created a splendid primitive culture in the Yangtze River Basin.

The main reason for the difference in the structure of the two houses living in Hemudu and Banpo is the natural environment.

The original inhabitants of Hemudu lived in Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province (Yangtze River Basin), while the Banpo Primitive Inhabitants lived in Banpo Village, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province (Yellow River Basin), and the climatic conditions of the two places were different.

Its life: The original Xunna residents of Hemudu live in a dry-bar house and live a settled life. They have dug wells, and drinking water is more convenient than before. They raise domestic animals and make pottery. The original inhabitants of Hemudu also made simple jade and primitive musical instruments.

The dry-stilt houses found at the Hemudu site, with people living on the top and livestock on the bottom, and ventilation and moisture-proof bends, are a major achievement in architecture. The pottery at the Hemudu site is depicted with animal and plant figures, and jade as earrings and dozens of bone whistles have also been unearthed.

They are the representatives of the burial sheds of the clans of the Changhe River Valley.

The day of the Hemudu people is as follows

Early in the morning, the villagers woke up. Everyone has a clear division of labor, and everyone does their own thing. The man told them that they were doing the work: look, they were digging another well with no water, and they saw one man digging straight down, and several others were building sheds to protect the well.

The women did the delicate work: they carried bone necklaces, mixed water with mud, kneaded into all kinds of pots and jars, and sent them to the stove to bake, and the pottery was made. Another group of women was sewing clothes with bone needles, all from animal skins.

Although the workmanship is a little rough, the warmth effect is not ordinary.

The old people were not idle either - they sat beside large stones and sharpened stone tools: stone knives, stone hammers, stone axes, ......Not only that, but of course there are many bone tools: bone needles, bone knives, all kinds!

In the blink of an eye, at noon, the women set up the stove, put the freshly made clay pots, and grabbed a large handful of rotten rice from a delicate pig-patterned pottery bowl, and made a fire to cook. People who have been tired all morning sweep away their meals.

Soon it was dusk. Pushing open the window and finding that the sun was about to be swallowed up by the horizon, he panicked and quickly gathered the able-bodied men to go out hunting—if it was dark and we had nothing to gain, we would starve. We grabbed the ** and set off.

Everyone is divided into three teams, action! After a while, we heard the whining of our companions, and we hurried towards the place where the sound had come from. They danced and celebrated around a behemoth.

The industrious Hemudu people shared their prey around the campfire, ending a busy day.

Seven or eight thousand years ago, the climate of the Yangtze River basin was warm and humid, and the rain was abundant, and archaeologists found some sites of ancient human activities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, among which the ruins of Yuyao and Mudu in Zhejiang, which were about 7,000 years ago, were the most representative.

These are the earliest wooden buildings in China, which have had an important impact on Chinese classical architecture, and archaeologists have also found the Yuansen wooden structure well, which is the earliest wooden structure well found so far.

A large number of traces of artificially cultivated rice were found in the transplantation, which indicates that the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are one of the origins of Asian rice suspects, the agricultural tools are the most classic bone roots, the domestic animals are mainly pigs, dogs and buffaloes, and the Hemudu people will make pottery, jade and simple musical instruments, bone whistles.

The Hemudu people also used carving and other techniques to make quaint artworks from ivory and animal bones, and the earliest ivory carvings in China were unearthed here, and the Hemudu people also knew how to use natural lacquer.