What effective measures can be taken to reduce lead exposure in occupational workers

Human protection. 1) Respiratory protection: Workers should wear dust masks.

2) Eye protection: A safety mask can be used if necessary.

3) Protective clothing: wear work clothes.

4) Hand protection: Wear protective gloves if necessary.

5) Others: Smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited on the work site. After work, shower and change clothes. Pre-employment and regular medical examinations are conducted. Practice good hygiene.

Health monitoring. Carry out pre-job and regular health examinations for lead workers, timely detection of employment contraindications and early detection of lead poisoning patients and timely treatment.

1. In the atmosphere. It mainly refers to lead emissions from industrial production, life and transportation, and the emission of lead poison comes from the inevitable industrial exhaust gas, leaded gasoline, automobile exhaust, coal, iron and steel metallurgy, and chemical plant emissions. 2. Soil and dust.

Normally, the soil contains 10 50mg kg of lead, but in urban areas, the lead content in the soil can be hundreds or even thousands of times higher. Indoor lead dust is also one of the most important areas of lead exposure in children. 3. In the water.

Wastewater contamination of drinking water bodies can lead to increased levels of lead in the water. Although the content of lead in tap water is not high, its bioavailability is often higher than that of lead in food. 4. Daily necessities and decorative materials.

Lead contamination from household decoration materials (paints, coatings), cigarette smoke, cosmetics (lipsticks, talcum powders), lead-containing containers, and metal tableware is also one of the leading causes of lead exposure in children.

Categories: Healthcare.

Problem description: Working in a battery factory to expose to lead The factory has poor protective facilities Only one protective mask.

Analysis: Wear a mask and gloves.

Drink milk to avoid lead poisoning.

In modern society, more and more people have recognized the dangers of lead to the body. It can accumulate in the liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs and brain for a long time through blood, causing lead poisoning and causing damage to the human nervous system and hematopoietic system. Research results have shown that regular consumption of milk can reduce the body's absorption of lead.

How does milk reduce the absorption of lead in the body?

First of all, fresh milk contains nearly 20% whey protein in its protein.

Whey protein is rich in cystine, an essential substance ——— a precursor to glutathione.

Reduced glutathione is a tripeptide compound composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine, which can combine with lead in the body to form a water-soluble compound, which is excreted from the body by the kidneys and reduces the toxicity of lead in the body. Therefore, drinking milk can achieve a good lead removal effect.

Secondly, fresh milk is very high in calcium. Milk contains about 100-110 mg of calcium per liter. Calcium and lead compete in the body's metabolic process, and calcium supplementation can inhibit and reduce lead absorption.

Third, fresh milk and dairy products are rich in protein and sulfur-containing amino acids, which can enhance the body's immunity and reduce the toxicity of lead.

Because fresh milk and dairy products can reduce the absorption of lead in the body, enhance resistance, and help lead be excreted from the body, it is necessary to reduce the harm of lead in all populations.

It is particularly protective for children, adolescents, women and those working with lead. We should drink at least 500 grams of fresh milk or yogurt a day, preferably twice in the morning and evening, fresh milk can be heated or cold.

According to the results of the 2000 China Total Diet Study, China's daily consumption of milk and dairy products per person is 70 grams, which has increased significantly compared with 1990, but compared with Western countries, the gap is still very large.

Therefore, we should promote the good habit of drinking milk for everyone and every day. If we calculate at 500 grams of milk per person per day, we can consume 550 mg of calcium from dairy products per day. In this way, the daily calcium needs of the human body can be basically met, and at the same time, the harm of lead from the diet and the environment can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting health.

First aid for acute lead poisoning.

1 For oral poisoning, a large amount of strong tea or warm water can be given immediately, *pharynx to induce vomiting, and then milk, egg white, and soy milk can be given to protect the gastric mucosa.

2 Symptomatic first aid. For patients with abdominal pain, warm compresses or oral atropine 0 5-1 o mg can be used; For comatose patients, the foreign body in the oral cavity should be removed in time, the respiratory tract should be kept unobstructed, and the foreign body should be prevented from entering the trachea or respiratory tract and causing suffocation.

3. After the above-mentioned on-site first aid, you should immediately send to the hospital for emergency treatment to avoid delaying time and endangering the patient's life.

There are several types of foods that can remove lead:

1.Protein-rich foods. Excess lead in the body can affect protein metabolism and cause weight loss.

If the human protein intake is insufficient, the amount of lead in tissues can increase significantly. If the intake of protein and sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine and cystine is increased, it can effectively inhibit and alleviate the symptoms of lead poisoning. Protein-rich foods are:

Milk, eggs, quail eggs, beef, soy products, etc.

2.Foods high in calcium. Lead and calcium are metabolized in the body in a similar way, and eating foods high in calcium can prevent lead accumulation.

Foods rich in calcium are: shrimp skin (the calcium content of shrimp skin per 500 grams is as high as 250 grams), milk, beans and their products, crabs, sesame seeds, camellia, celery leaves, radish leaves, lettuce leaves, almonds, melon seeds, peach kernels, citrus, potatoes, bone broth (add a small amount of vinegar and cook together, which is conducive to calcium dissolution).

3.Iron-rich foods. Iron supplementation reduces lead accumulation in the body and may prevent anemia due to lead poisoning (because iron deficiency increases lead absorption).

Iron-rich foods include: pig blood, pork liver, pork kidney, black fungus, red dates, eggs, purple radish, celery, carrots, tomatoes, hawthorn, peaches, strawberries, longan, etc. Vitamin C also promotes iron absorption.

In addition, tea contains substances such as tannic acid, which can combine with lead in the body to form soluble substances and be excreted with urine; Garlic has the effect of dissolving lead poisoning.

If the amount of lead in the body is very high and has reached the level of poisoning, it is not possible to rely on food to excrete lead, and you must take lead removal drugs (such as dimercaprol, Qianguohua, Qiancong, etc.) under the guidance of a doctor.