What policies and measures can China take to participate in regional economic integration

China has adopted the following policies and measures for regional economic integration:

Since the early 90s of the 20th century, China has also begun to explore and practice regional economic integration, and has taken advantage of this development trend to strive for more economic and political interests for China on the regional and even world stage. He has been a member of APEC since 1991.

Since then, China has participated in or initiated the following regional organizations, such as the "10 3" conference and the "10 1 (China-ASEAN)" conference established at the end of 1997, and the Asian Boao established in 2001.

Forum. In addition, a regional political organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, was formed.

In 1996, he participated in the cross-regional cooperation organization "Asia-Europe Meeting". In 2001, a bilateral free zone was established with ASEAN. In the process of participating in or forming these regional organizations, the focus of China's regional integration is also shifting from the Asia-Pacific region.

Turning to East Asia.

There are broad and narrow senses of economic integration.

Economic integration refers to the integration of the global economy, that is, countries take specific measures to coordinate economic policies between each other through the signing of treaties or agreements to promote the common development of the economy. Refers to the integration of regional economies, which refers to the supranational nature between two or more countries or regions in a region that is constituted by the mandate of each country.

Under the coordination of the common institutions, through the formulation of a unified economic policy, the barriers to economic development in different countries will be eliminated, and the common and coordinated development of the region will be realized, the optimal allocation of resources will be optimized, and the economic development will be promoted, and finally a highly coordinated economic development will be formed.

In today's world, the economy is globalized.

Thrive"In order to adapt to this form, China has increasingly close economic ties with the world, especially the countries (or regions) in the Asia-Pacific region, and has accelerated the pace of participating in regional economic integration to meet the opportunities and challenges of regional economic integration.

There are broad and narrow senses of economic integration. Economic integration refers to the integration of the global economy, that is, countries through the signing of treaties or agreements, take specific measures to coordinate each other's economic policies, in order to promote the common development of the economy. Economic integration refers to the integration of regional economy, which refers to the coordination of two or more countries or regions in the region, under the coordination of a common agency authorized by various countries and with a supranational nature, through the formulation of unified economic policies, the elimination of national barriers to economic development, the realization of common and coordinated development in the region, the optimal allocation of resources, and the promotion of economic development, and finally the formation of a highly coordinated economic whole.

The fundamental characteristic of regional economic integration is "internal freedom and external protection", therefore, it has a negative impact on the multilateral system and the global economy.

The impact is necessarily twofold, with both positive and negative effects at the same time. With the globalization of the economy.

The negative impact of regional economic integration will become more and more prominent.

First, the positive impact of regional economic integration.

a) Regional economic integration contributes to the development of liberal ideas.

Regional economic integration pursues the principle of freedom in the region and removes all kinds of barriers. The various benefits brought about by the implementation of the policy of freedom will help member states to enhance their awareness of freedom, and at the same time, the restraint mechanism of protection within the region will play a certain role in deterring the protection claims of member countries.

1. The economic effect of regional economic integration.

2. The demonstration effect of regional economic integration.

3. The constraint effect of regional economic integration.

2) Regional economic integration can be the basis of a multilateral system.

3) There are important "synergies" between regional and multilateral negotiations

4) Regional economic integration can provide experience and skills for multilateral negotiations.

Second, the negative impact of regional economic integration.

1) Regional economic blocs all implement a policy of internal freedom and external protection, and this policy of "distinguishing between internal and external" clearly deviates from the principle of non-discrimination of the multilateral system and forms a barrier to protectionism.

2) Regional economic integration organizations all have different degrees of "transfer effect", deviating from the principle of comparative advantage, causing damage to countries outside the region, often leading to friction and conflicts inside and outside the region, so that the world's first organization is often in a state of "emergency".

iii) Regional economic integration organizations have increased the international market.

has inhibited competition and weakened the role of the WTO system.

4) The shift of the goal of freedom by regional economic integration organizations from multilateral agreements to regional integration organization arrangements is not conducive to the functioning and further development of the WTO system.

There are five forms of economic integration, namely free zones, customs unions, common markets, economic unions, and full economic integration. Feature 1) Regional economic integration from Western Europe to other regions.

Extend. 2) Regional economic integration with developing countries as the mainstay.

Actual progress has been slow.

3) Most regional economic integration is at a low stage.

4) The economic integration of the Pacific Rim region has lagged behind.

5) The constituent basis of regional economic integration has abruptly occurred. Breaking changes.

vi) Regional economic integration organizations are intertwined with each other, and the member provinces.

Staggered overlap. vii) Economic integration between developed and developing countries has begun.

Appear. 8) Two major trends have emerged in regional economic organizations.

First, the EU is developing to a higher level;

Secondly, more loose regional economic cooperation organizations have emerged.

9) Rapid development.

10) Economic integration and multilateral trade.

The common development of the Yi system has formed a regional economic bloc.

The rapid development and the strengthening of the functions of the multilateral system go hand in hand.

Lifted"Symbiotic phenomenon".

China should achieve regional economic integration with the following countries:

ASEAN countries: China and ASEAN countries are geographically close, culturally similar, and economically complementary, and the realization of economic integration can promote the integration of military and investment liberalization and facilitation, and enhance China's influence in Southeast Asia. In addition, the rapid development of ASEAN countries has also provided services for China's cross-border e-commerce, tourism, and financial services.

A great opportunity.

Japan and South Korea: Japan and South Korea are China's main partners in East Asia, and these two countries have certain advantages in high-tech and other fields, and the realization of regional economic integration is conducive to strengthening economic cooperation and complementarity, and forming a community of interests. At the same time, the construction of the China-Japan-South Korea Free Trade Area is also of great significance for strengthening the relations between the three countries and promoting the economic integration of the Asian region.

Russia: Russia is a country with huge resources and huge market potential.

China has extensive space for cooperation with China in various fields such as energy and infrastructure construction. The economic cooperation zone established between the two countries can not only promote investment facilitation, but also strengthen cooperation in people-to-people exchanges and scientific and technological innovation.

To sum up, China should achieve regional economic integration with ASEAN countries, Japan, South Korea, and Russia. These countries all have strong geographical, cultural, and economic complementarity and development potential, and after realizing regional economic integration, they will help enhance China's international competitiveness and promote regional economic prosperity and the improvement of people's living standards.

China should most of all achieve regional economic integration with East Asian countries, such as Japan, South Korea, Mongolia, North Korea, Vietnam, and ASEAN, all of which are China's neighbors and have strong economic ties with China. These countries are geographically close to each other, have similar cultural backgrounds, and have similar levels of economic development, and have strong complementarity and economic cooperation foundations, so China should achieve regional economic integration with these countries to promote economic cooperation and development between China and neighboring countries.

ASEAN countries.

The regional economic organizations that China has joined mainly include: APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation), Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China-Hong Kong-Macao Economic and Trade Cooperation, China-Thailand Vegetable and Fruit Tariff-free Agreement, China-ASEAN Free Zone (China has not joined ASEAN, but has extensive cooperative relations with ASEAN, and China-ASEAN economic and trade cooperation has entered the era of zero tariff), China-South Africa Customs Union Free Zone, China-New Zealand Free Zone, China-Australia Free Zone, China-India Free Zone Zone, China-Japan-South Korea Free Nuclear Destruction Zone, China-South Korea Free Zone.

Among them, the most influential economic organizations are APEC (among all the above economic cooperation organizations), and those that follow are not regional economic organizations in the full sense of the word, but are mostly a framework structure for cooperation in the form of a contract.

The biggest benefit of joining the above cooperation organizations is to expand the number of international economic transactions and improve the level of transactions, so as to lay a good foundation for the country's foreign economic ties, development and deepening, so as to promote economic development!

The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is the most influential official forum for economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. From November 5 to 7, 1989, Australia, the United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand and six ASEAN countries held the first ministerial meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference in Canberra, the capital of Australia, marking the establishment of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference. In June 1993, it was renamed Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.

In November 1991, China formally joined APEC in the capacity of sovereign states, and Chinese Taipei and Hong Kong formally joined APEC in the name of regional economies. At present, APEC has a total of 21 members.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is also known as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Its predecessor was the "Shanghai Five". On April 26, 1996, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan met in Shanghai to initiate its establishment.

The principle of voluntary mutual benefit, complementing each other's strengths, and economic benefits.

Legal basis: "2004 China can clear the seepage of the history of the search for continuous development of the strategy report" China to promote regional integration is as follows: voluntary mutual benefit, complement each other's strengths, economic benefits.

Legal analysis: five principles: marketization, systematic, complementarity, mutual benefit, and graduality. In August 2020, at the symposium on solidly promoting the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, Secretary Chi Qianchu emphasized that we should adhere to the unity of goal-oriented and problem-oriented, break down the barriers to selling politics with integrated ideas and measures, improve policy coordination, and let the elements flow smoothly in a wider range, which is conducive to giving full play to the comparative advantages of various regions, achieving a more reasonable division of labor, gathering stronger synergy, and promoting high-quality development.

Legal basis: Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China The State may establish special administrative regions when necessary. The systems to be implemented in the special administrative regions shall be prescribed by law by the National People's Congress in accordance with specific circumstances.