The fertilizers that are commonly used in tobacco are which fertilizers are applied in the process o

Generally, the special fertilizer for tobacco, N:P:K is generally 13:8:20, and the formula is slightly different in different places. N fertilizer is ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate, P fertilizer is phosphorus pentoxide, and K fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

Tobacco contains nicotine, and the extracted nicotine can be used as an insecticide, but tobacco directly kills insects.

It is best to apply organic fertilizers in the process of tobacco planting, and the other is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Compound fertilizer with a high content.

1. Tobacco fertilizer is mainly made according to the fertility characteristics of tobacco and the characteristics of fertilizer, and the test results in recent years show that the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tobacco fertilizer is very high. Moreover, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and other elements are added to meet the growth of tobacco, after the use of the fertilizer, the plant height grows, the stem is thick and the leaves are long, which can significantly improve the economic benefits.

It can not only increase the yield of tobacco leaves by 7%-12%, but also improve the quality of tobacco.

2. Tobacco itself is a relatively delicate crop, so it has high requirements for the planting environment, tobacco likes a warm and humid environment, and it has relatively high requirements for temperature, less than 10 degrees Celsius.

It can't grow. In addition, the requirements for moisture tobacco are also relatively high.

3. The areas where tobacco is suitable for planting in China are relatively limited, almost only on the line of the Huai River in the Qinling Mountains.

Only the regions south of the tobacco can meet the temperature conditions at which tobacco grows, and the moisture requirements make the range that can be grown even narrower. Tobacco growth also needs enough light, so the planting area of tobacco in China is still relatively small.

At present, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are still the main problems in the fertilization of flue-cured tobacco. Among them, nitrogen is the first. The principle of flue-cured tobacco nitrogen fertilizer ** is:

The early growth period is sufficient, the peak period is sufficient, and the maturity period is low. Attention should be paid to the following aspects when fertilizing: first, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and the proportion of different forms of nitrogen, which are most closely related to the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco; Secondly, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be determined after the nitrogen application rate.

Third, the rational application of organic fertilizer and the combined use of medium and trace element fertilizers. The general principle is to combine organic and inorganic elements, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen, basal and top dressing, underground and aboveground, as well as macro- and medium-to-trace elements in order to achieve nutritional harmony and balance.

The second way to say is:

1.Base fertilizer. In order to promote the early growth and rapid growth of tobacco plants before and during the growth period, most of them use heavy basal fertilizer, and 1 2 2 3 of the total amount of fertilizer is used as basal fertilizer.

In general, the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity of tobacco field is strong, and the proportion of basal fertilizer should be large in the tobacco area with relatively little rainfall. On the contrary, the proportion of top dressing should be more. The proportion of base fertilizer in the northern tobacco area is large, 2 3 of all fertilizers are used as base fertilizer, and about 1 3 are used for top dressing, and in the rainy areas of the south, the soil cultivation layer is thin, and the sandy tobacco field is large, the proportion of base fertilizer is small, the proportion of top dressing is large, and the number of top dressing is more.

2.Topdressing. The early topdressing, that is, the topdressing before 40 days after transplanting, is mainly applied to the soil, and the topdressing is mainly foliar spraying in the later stage.

About 40% of the nitrogen fertilizer is used as top dressing, and the top dressing can be carried out in 2 times. For flue-cured tobacco, sun-dried yellow tobacco and white tobacco, it should not be later than 30 days after planting; The top dressing of red tobacco and cigar smoke can only open the top fertilizer later. Tobacco fertilization is commonly applied in holes, ditches and water.

Regardless of dispersed or concentrated application, the fertilization depth should be within 5 20 cm soil layer, too deep or too shallow is not conducive to the root absorption of tobacco plants.

1. Characteristics of tobacco nitrogen requirement.

Tobacco requires nitrogen form. Tobacco plants can absorb nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amide nitrogen, but the effects of different forms of nitrogen on the growth and development, yield and quality of tobacco plants are different. According to the results of nitrogen fertilizer variety experiments in the tobacco areas of Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Guizhou and other provinces in China, it can be seen that the effect of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer is the best, followed by the fertilizer efficiency of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, and the fertilizer efficiency of amide nitrogen and organic nitrogen fertilizer becomes worse in turn.

Because nitrate nitrogen fertilizer does not need any transformation to be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, it is not disturbed by factors such as low temperature and soil disinfection, so that tobacco can absorb nitrogen immediately after the seedling stage, so it can promote the early growth of tobacco plants, and can reach the maximum growth in a short time, while nitrate nitrogen is not adsorbed by soil colloids, and it is more convenient and rapid to move in the soil, and can move to the dense soil layer of tobacco roots, and when nitrogen is not needed in the later stage of tobacco plants, nitrate nitrogen is also easy to leach, so that tobacco plants can mature normally and fall yellow in layers. In order to achieve a high-quality and productive appearance. However, in rainy years, it is easy to cause late defertilization and premature aging, and attention should be paid to the application of top dressing. Therefore, in the United States, Brazil and other advanced tobacco production countries, tobacco special fertilizer, at least 50% nitrate nitrogen is applied as basal fertilizer, and as top dressing, 100% nitrate nitrogen is required.

The growth period of tobacco is 160 180 days, and the seedbed stage is about 60 days, which is divided into seedling stage, cross stage, rooting stage and seedling stage. The field stage is 100 120 days, which is divided into slow seedling stage, root extension stage, vigorous long period and mature stage. Generally, for every 1000 kg of flue-cured tobacco produced, 22 kg of nitrogen (N), 48 kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 48 kg of potassium (K2O) are required, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 1::

2。Tobacco is both a potassium-loving crop and a chlorine-avoiding crop, which needs more potassium and likes nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, but it is not suitable for chlorine-containing fertilizer. Tobacco requires different amounts of fertilizer at different growth stages.

The seedbed stage requires less fertilizer before the cross stage, and the fertilizer demand gradually increases after the cross stage, so that the amount of fertilizer required is more in the 15 days before transplanting, and the nitrogen absorbed during this period accounts for the total phosphorus and potassium of the total nitrogen uptake of tobacco at the seedbed stage. In the field stage, the absorption of nutrients within 30 days after transplanting is less, and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for the total uptake of the whole growth period, respectively6%。

The period of a large amount of fertilizer absorption is 45 days to 75 days after transplanting, the peak of absorption is in the cluster tree, the budding period, this period of absorbing nitrogen for the total amount of phosphorus and potassium absorbed by tobacco, after which the absorption of various nutrients gradually declines, after the topping due to the occurrence of secondary roots, the nutrient absorption has rebounded, for the total amount of absorption, but at this time the soil contains too much nitrogen, easy to cause growth, the formation of black storm smoke, not suitable for baking.

In our Chuxiong, there are two kinds of fertilizers distributed in the past few years, they are: special organic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco, 15-15-18 nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer; This year, another fertilizer was distributed: potassium nitrate.

Plant growth needs nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements, if you grow tobacco, now there is generally a special compound fertilizer to buy tobacco in the local sales of fertilizer, special compound fertilizer can be mixed with animal manure and other organic fertilizers to use more effectively.

The requirements for the quality of flue-cured tobacco vary depending on the requirements of the cigarette industry. At present, the international market requires the lowest suitable yield of the main material tobacco in the mixed cigarette, and it is advisable to produce 300 kg of tobacco leaves per mu; The suitable yield of filled cigarettes in mixed cigarettes is the highest, with about 400 kg of tobacco leaves per mu. Of course, the appropriate yield indicators will also vary according to different environments.

The three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are still the most important problems in flue-cured tobacco fertilization. Among them, nitrogen is the first, and the first principle of flue-cured tobacco nitrogen fertilizer is: the early growth stage should be sufficient, the long period of prosperity should be sufficient, and the maturity period should be low but not lacking.

At present, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are still the main problems in the fertilization of flue-cured tobacco, among which nitrogen is the first place, and more nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer need to be added.

Tobacco in the process of growing. What kind of fertilizers do you need to use? In fact, it depends on the condition of the local soil.

If there is more lack in the soil, then eat more fertilizer. That is, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. To achieve a balance.

Seedling stage: before the cross stage, tobacco needs less fertilizer in this period; After the cross period, the fertilizer requirement gradually increased, and the fertilizer requirement was more in the first 15 days before transplanting.

Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied during the planting process of tobacco, which can help tobacco grow faster and healthier.

In the process of growing tobacco, they use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, which are indispensable.

Farmhouse organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, zinc sulfate, water-soluble fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer, or farmhouse rice field altogether.

Check the seedlings and replenish the seedlings. After transplanting and returning seedlings, check the seedlings immediately, find that the lack of seedlings should be replanted in time, and a small amount of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer should be applied in the hole when replanting, and water enough to ensure the survival rate of transplanted seedlings.

The base fertilizer of tobacco is generally applied all the farm fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and about 60% nitrogen fertilizer at one time. Top dressing: about 40% nitrogen fertilizer is used for top dressing, and top dressing can be carried out in 2 times.

Tobacco is practical in the process of growing, which fertilizers? I think tobacco should be grown with compound fertilizers.

If the fertilizer used in the tobacco planting process is used, you can query the relevant data of tobacco cultivation professional, which will have some scientific recommendations.

Use organic fertilizer or farmhouse fertilizer for transplanting from the seedling tray, and use some of the subsequent nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.

In fact, tobacco is subject to those organic fertilizers in the planting process, and these organic fertilizers are an important factor that protects its growth and is not destroyed.

Tobacco cultivation generally uses farmhouse fertilizer, preferably bean fertilizer, which is effective, and it is strictly forbidden to use chemical fertilizer.

Tobacco has a high demand for potassium fertilizer during cultivation, but because it is very sensitive to chlorine, chlorine-containing fertilizers should not be used when fertilizing. It is recommended when fertilizing tobacco.

<> complete guide to organic fertilization methods.

Basal fertilizer (base fertilizer) application.

Basal fertilizer, generally called base fertilizer, is a fertilizer that is applied before sowing or transplanting. When ploughing, the organic manure is evenly applied, and the fertilizer is turned into the soil with the ploughing, this method is simple, easy to operate, can play a good purpose of improving the soil, but in its uniform application to the soil, can not all or even most of the contact with the root system and be utilized by the root system, therefore, the fertilizer utilization rate is bound to cause excess waste, bring certain economic losses, and secondly, it is easy to produce soil obstacles. Therefore, this method is more suitable for planting crops with higher densities.

Top dressing application. There are two methods of topdressing for organic fertilizer: deep soil application and extra-root topdressing. Deep soil application generally applies organic fertilizer near the dense layer of the root system, and covers the soil after application, so as not to cause the loss of nutrient volatilization of the orange.

Extra-root topdressing is to mix the compost with 10 times the water evenly, take its supernatant after standing, and spray the fertilizer solution on the foliar surface of the crop with the help of a sprayer for foliar absorption.

It is used as seed fertilizer. There are many ways to use seed fertilizer, such as seed dressing, soaking, strip application, hole application, etc. Seed dressing is a method of dissolving or diluting fertilizer with a small amount of water, spraying on the surface of seeds, and mixing while spraying, so that the fertilizer solution is evenly stained on the surface of the seeds, and sown after drying.

Soaking is to dissolve or dilute the fertilizer solution into a certain concentration of solution, according to the ratio of 1:10 of the liquid seed, put the seeds into the solution and soak for 12 24h, so that the fertilizer solution penetrates into the seed coat with water, and then sows after drying. After ditching or digging holes, fertilizer is applied into the ditch and hole of 3 5cm of the cultivated layer, and then sown near the fertilizer belt, and the fertilizer distance is kept above 3cm thick in socks.

Used as seed fertilizer fertilizer requires the release of nutrients to be fast, can not be too acidic, too alkaline, the fertilizer itself has no toxic effect on seed germination, and the organic fertilizer that is fully decomposed after composting is a good seed fertilizer.

Used as seedling fertilizer.

Fully decomposed organic fertilizer, evenly released, comprehensive nutrients, is an ideal fertilizer for seedlings. Generally, 10% fermented organic fertilizer with sufficient fermentation is added to a certain amount of peat, fly stone or perlite, and the soil is mixed evenly to make seedling substrate.

Full-layer fertilization and concentrated fertilization of organic fertilizer.

Full-layer application is to sprinkle organic fertilizer all over the surface, and apply organic fertilizer into the whole soil layer through cultivated land, this fertilization method can be applied in the case of more organic fertilizer (4000 6000kg per mu) or crop density. Concentrated application into the soil is to apply compost near the root system of crops by ditching, and this fertilization method is worth using when there is less fertilizer (1500 3000 kg per mu) and soil fertility is relatively low.

Tobacco planting and fertilization methods:

1.Base fertilizer: Tobacco planting should be reapplied basal fertilizer, base fertilizer accounts for 65% of the total amount of fertilizer, 5000 kg of rotting farmhouse organic fertilizer per mu, compound fertilizer.

30 kg, zinc sulfate.

kilograms, the fertilizer and the soil in the hole are fully mixed and planted in 5-7 days.

2.Top dressing: 1) Top dressing for the first time, 5-7 days after transplantation, apply 30-40 quintals of decomposed manure water per mu, or pick a series of water-soluble fertilizers from fertile leaves.

2) The second top dressing, the time is to have 12 true leaves.

Combined with cultivating and weeding, top dressing and small soil cultivation applied 500 kg of farm fertilizer per mu; Or apply fertile leaf series water-soluble fertilizer per mu, 5 kg per acre.

3) For the third top dressing, when the tobacco plant has 14-15 true leaves, combine compound fertilizer and crushed peanut bran to fertilize.

4) The fourth top dressing, foliar fertilization in the later stage, after the topping of tobacco leaves, potassium dihydrogen phosphate with fertile leaves.

Spray tobacco leaves, once every 7 days, 3 times in a row.

Reasonable fertilization is the key measure to regulate tobacco nutrition and achieve high quality and high yield. Tobacco planting is mainly based on basal fertilizer, using the method of balanced fertilization, and nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used in the early stage, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In the middle and late stages of tobacco growth, foliar spraying of amino acid foliar fertilizer mixed with 15 30 kg of water was used to promote crop growth and greatly improve the quality of agricultural products.