What is the reason for the formation of the fountain, from the point of view of physics

At the heart of this is the communicator principle.

Let's start with the phenomenon:

The water exits the vent and moves upwards at a certain initial velocity, gradually decreasing at a decreasing velocity, and then falling.

Reasons for this phenomenon:

1.Several factors: high water pressure, gravity of the water, spout shape and direction.

2.Principle:

A strong pressure is created in the impoundment below the fountain mouth by means of a pump or a natural drop. The vent is exposed, so the vent is just air pressure. So the distance from the vent to the inside, the pressure increases.

Under the effect of the pressure difference, the water is subjected to the net pressure towards the nozzle and is therefore pushed to accelerate continuously, eventually rushing out of the nozzle at a higher velocity.

After that, the water is no longer affected by the thrust of the water pressure and begins to be subject only to its own gravity, and the upward velocity component is constantly attenuated by gravity, so that it exits an upward or oblique (depending on the angle of the vent) in free fall.

Special surface or columnar shape: Because water has the property of keeping its surface area to a minimum and sticking to each other (surface tension), by flattening the spout, water can exit in a surface shape and remain there for a period of time. The same goes for columns.

Water mist state: Because for fine particles, the ratio of surface area to volume is very high, and the left and right of air resistance are obvious, which can make the particles appear in a floating state. Therefore, by changing the spout to disperse the water more and reduce the particles, a water mist is generated.

In fact, the root cause of the formation of fountains is the pressure difference.

By dissolving the gas in the closed container in a certain liquid, the pressure in the container is caused to dry up in the outside atmospheric pressure (because the volume is unchanged, the gas is dissolved in the liquid, resulting in a decrease in the number of gas molecules per unit volume in the container, and the pressure becomes smaller), thus forming a fountain.

In addition, a pressure difference can be formed by a change in temperature, for example, so that a fountain can also be formed.

Success!

Most of the springs are found in valleys or low-lying areas. Where groundwater is abundant, where there is an abundance of groundwater, where the cavities in the rock formations, the crevices and the outlets of the caves are connected to the groundwater and below the water table, the springs will flow out. Some springs are like a trickle, flowing endlessly; Some spray very high, and the spray stops.

There is nothing surprising that artificial fountains are controlled by people by electricity. How can a fountain in nature be sprayed without anyone to take care of it?

Fountains have a passage to the depths of the ground, the underground temperature is very high, more than 100 degrees Celsius can make part of the water into water vapor, when the pressure of the steam reaches a certain level, the water above the steam will pass through the channel and spray into the air, becoming a fountain. This principle is similar to that of a steam engine train, which does not push up, but forward or backward, to push the train forward or backward.

A fountain is a column or stream of water created by the flow and pressure of water, usually consisting of one or more sprinklers. The process of fountain formation is described below.

First of all, there needs to be a water source, which can be a natural water body, an underground water well, or an artificial pool, etc. On top of the water source, a pump needs to be installed to provide sufficient water and pressure. The pump draws water from the water source and delivers it to the nozzle of the fountain.

The fountain nozzle then spews water out at a certain rate, forming an upward column of water. When the water column reaches a certain height, gravity causes it to start falling, creating an extended flow of water. If multiple sprinklers are used, these jets and currents may interleave, intersperse, or merge to form a more complex and diverse fountain form.

In order to make the fountain create different effects, the fountain designer can also control the direction, speed and height of the water flow. This can be achieved by adjusting the angle of the sprinklers, changing the output power of the pump, or increasing the number of sprinklers. In addition, lights can also be set around the fountain with envy, ** and other elements to further enrich the sensory effect of the fountain landscape.

It should be noted that the process of fountain formation involves the physical principles of water flow and pressure, so it is necessary to have a certain understanding of water flow, pumps, and other related knowledge. When designing and constructing a fountain, many issues such as water sources, water supply pipelines, and power transmission need to be considered to ensure the proper operation and safety of the fountain.