What are the breakdown of the various types of cephalosporin?

First generation: cefothiophene, cephalexin, cefadroxilexin, cefazolin, cefradine, cefaclor, cefethylnile.

Second generation: cefmondol, cefuroxime, cefnetissi, ceflett lysine salt, third generation: cefcecexime, cefazoxime, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, cefixime, ceftatadine, ceftome.

First dead generation : cefepime.

Cephamycins: cefoxitin, cefmetazole, cefotetan.

Cefminol. Oxycephalosporins: Oxycephalosporin Fluoroxycephalosporin.

Generation: cefothiophene, cefazolin, cephalexin, cefadroxilexin, cefradine (cefcyclohexene), ceftiamidine, ceftiazole.

Second generation: cefmondol, cefaclor, cefuroxime (lipid), cefoxitin, cefnice, cefaprone.

Three generations: cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, cefazoloxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefmethoxime.

Four generations: cefepime, cefatidine.

The above is my statistics, I hope it can help you.

This is an open classification of cephalosporins, with a total of 147 entries (including subclasses).

The antimicrobial mechanism of action of cephalosporin antibiotics is the same as that of penicillins, and they are all breeding fungicides. There are many varieties of cephalosporins, which are often divided into generations according to their functional characteristics. Each generation of cephalosporins has its own antibacterial characteristics.

The antibacterial effect of the first-generation cephalosporins on gram-positive bacteria is better than that of the second and third generations, but the effect on gram-negative bacteria is poor. The second-generation cephalosporins are less effective than the third-generation gram-negative bacilli, and the effect on gram-positive bacteria is similar to or slightly weaker than that of the first generation. Third-generation cephalosporins are stable to lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria and can also penetrate into inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid.

The commonly used cephalosporin deficiency antibiotics mainly include the first-generation cephalosporins, cefazolin, cefradine, and cephalexene; the second-generation cephalosporin cefuroxime; Third-generation cephalosporins, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime.

Generally speaking, 10% to 30% of people who are allergic to penicillin are allergic to cephalosporins, and the vast majority of people who are allergic to cephalosporins are allergic to penicillin. There is no uniform regulation on whether to do a skin test before using cephalosporins, and you can follow the instructions of each drug product.

Because cephalosporin antibiotics can strongly inhibit the intestinal flora, they can cause dysbiosis, and can also cause secondary infections, such as pseudomembranous enteritis, Candida infection, etc., especially the second and third generation cephalosporins; Long-term use can cause vitamin B and vitamin K deficiency and underlying coagulation dysfunction. The main adverse effects of cephalosporins are also gastrointestinal reactions: most cephalosporins can cause nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite.

Alcohol should be avoided when taking cephalosporins, which can produce a "disulfiram" reaction when combined with ethanol, the severity of which is proportional to the dose and amount of alcohol consumed.