What is called latitude and longitude, and what is latitude and longitude

In order to accurately indicate the position of various places on the earth, people have assumed a coordinate system for the earth's surface, which is the line of latitude and longitude. Meridian.

The meridian, also known as the meridian, is an auxiliary line hypothesized by human beings for the convenience of measurement, and is defined as a semicircular arc on the great circle line connecting the north and south poles on the earth's surface. Any two meridians of equal length intersect at the north and south poles. Each meridian has its corresponding numerical value, called longitude.

The meridian indicates the north-south direction. The origin of the name of the meridian: "In the stereoscopic motion trajectory of a certain day, the celestial body appears at the same time at each point on the same meridian in the upper middle heaven (noon) and the lower middle heaven (sub)."

Different warp threads have different places when. It is earlier in the easterly area and later in the westerly area.

Parallel. The parallel, like the meridian, is an auxiliary line assumed by humans for the convenience of measurement, and is defined as the trajectory formed by the rotation of the earth at a point on the earth's surface. Any one of the wefts is round and parallel to each other.

The length of the parallels is the circumference of the equator multiplied by the cosine of the latitude of the parallel, so the equator is the longest, and the farther away from the equator, the shorter the circumference, and it shrinks to 0 at the poles. The parallels indicate the east-west direction. Longitude.

Longitude is the degree in which a point on Earth is east or west of a north-south alignment line called the prime meridian. The longitude of the prime meridian is 0°, and the longitude of the rest of the earth is 180° east or 180° west. Unlike latitude, which has an equator as a natural starting point, longitude has no natural starting point, and the line that is the prime meridian is chosen by the people.

Cartographers in Britain used the meridian passing through the Greenwich Observatory in London as the starting latitude.

Latitude refers to the line between a point and the center of the Earth's sphere and the Earth's equatorial plane, and its value is between 0 and 90 degrees. The latitude of a point north of the equator is called north latitude and is denoted as n; The latitude of a point located south of the equator is called south latitude and is denoted as s. Areas with latitude values between 0 and 30 degrees are called low latitudes; Areas with latitude values between 30 and 60 degrees are called mid-latitudes; Areas with latitude values between 60 and 90 degrees are called high latitudes.

Longitude and latitude are the lines that crisscross the globe, and we humans determine such lines artificially in order to better determine the points on the earth, but in fact there are no such lines on the earth. The horizontal (east-west line) is called the latitude line, and the line connecting the north and south poles (the north-south line) is called the meridian line! The degrees marked on these lines are latitude and longitude!

The higher the degree, the higher the latitude! The maximum longitude is 180 degrees E (or 180 degrees W). It should be clear that the dividing line between the eastern and western hemispheres is 160 degrees e and 20 degrees w, and the dividing line between the northern and southern hemispheres is the equator, which is 0 degrees of latitude!!

1. Shape and characteristics.

The meridian lines are semicircular in shape, indicating the north-south direction, intersecting at the north and south poles, and are all the same length.

The parallels are circular in shape, indicating the east-west direction, parallel to each other, and gradually shorter in length from the equator to the poles.

1.Two meridians facing each other can form a circle, that is, a meridian coil.

2.The greater the degree of latitude (the equator, i.e. 0 degrees of latitude, is the longest parallel; 90 degrees north and south latitude is the north and south poles, that is, a point, length = 0), but its length is shorter; Parallels of equal degrees (e.g., 30 degrees south and 30 degrees north latitude are the same length) are equal in length.

3.Follow a certain line of latitude all the way east (or west) and finally return to the same place; And follow a certain meridian all the way north (or south) and finally cannot return to the same place. Stand at the north pole and look around, all directions facing south; And standing at the South Pole and looking around, all directions are facing north.

2. Judgment of latitude and longitude.

1.Characteristics of latitude and longitude.

1) Characteristics of latitude (as shown in the table below).

North latitude. : North of the equator.

The degree gradually increases to the north.

Equator (0 degrees) North Pole (90 degrees).

Southern latitude. : South of the equator.

The degree gradually increases to the south.

Equator (0 degrees) South Pole (90 degrees).

2) Characteristics of longitude (as shown in the table below).

N. : East of the prime meridian (i.e. the 0 degree meridian).

The degree gradually increases to the east.

to 180 degrees of longitude (i.e. the international date cut-off line).

West. : west of the prime meridian.

The degree gradually increases to the west.

to 180 degrees of warp.

Internationally, it is stipulated that the longitude passing through the Greenwich Observatory in the suburbs of London, England is used as the starting point for calculating longitude, that is, longitude 0 degrees, 0 minutes and 0 seconds. To the east of it is the east longitude, a total of 180 degrees; To the west of it is the west longitude, which is 180 degrees Celsius. Because the earth is round, the longitude of 180 degrees east and 180 degrees west is the same meridian.

The latitude and longitude are divided into south latitude and north latitude, the southern latitude is represented by the capital letter s, and the north latitude is represented by the capital letter n, for example: the longitude and latitude of Beijing are expressed as (116°E, 40°N).

Latitude and longitude is the combined name of latitude and longitude to form a coordinate system. It is called a geographic coordinate system, which is a spherical coordinate system that uses the sphere of three-dimensional space to define space on the earth, and can mark any position on the earth.