The document that laid the ideological foundations for American democracy was

It should be the "Declaration of Independence," and its democratic ideas are mainly embodied in four aspects: equality, natural human rights, sovereignty over the people, and the people's revolutionary rights.

First, the idea of equality and natural rights. The basic spirit of "natural human rights", also translated as "natural rights", is to emphasize that human beings have inherent rights, which should never be denied. The Declaration of Independence inherited and developed Locke's doctrine of natural human rights, which held that all men are created equal, that these rights are given by nature and are inalienable, and that these rights include "the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."

Second, the doctrine of popular sovereignty. "Sovereignty in the people" is also translated as "people's sovereignty" or "all power belongs to the people", which is a theoretical extension of "natural human rights", and its theoretical point is: the basis of legitimacy comes from the consent of the broad masses of the people, and if any form of ** becomes a ** that harms the interests of the people to protect their own rights, the people have the right to change or abolish it and establish a new one.

The Declaration of Independence proposes that the people are sovereign, that all power comes from the people, that it should obey the will of the people, and exist for the happiness of the people and the protection of their rights.

Third, the theory of the people's revolutionary rights. The Declaration of Independence is based on the theory of natural human rights and sovereignty in the people, and points out that since the power of ** comes from the people, and the purpose is to protect the natural rights of the people, if ** does not perform its duties and violates the rights of the people, the people have the right to rise up in revolution to change or overthrow it.

Historical significance. First of all, the Declaration of Independence is a great political document. Although the Declaration of Independence was the result of discussions at the upper echelons of the North American colonies, it represented the voice of the people of the colonies at large.

For the first time in the history of mankind, it set forth the following principles in the form of a political program: that all men are created equal, that they have an inalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, that they must be constituted by the consent of the people, that they should exist for the happiness of the people and that their rights should be guaranteed, and that the people have the right to rise up in revolution to overthrow those who do not perform their duties. These principles became the ideology of the United States and laid the ideological foundation for the development of the United States for more than 200 years.

It greatly encouraged the revolutionary fighting spirit of the people of North America and fought bravely for the realization of the lofty goal of independence.

Declaration of Independence of the United States

The United States Declaration of Independence was a proclamation of the independence of thirteen British colonies in North America from the Kingdom of Great Britain. This Declaration was ratified by the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776, and has since become Independence Day. The original declaration was signed by the delegates attending the Continental Congress and is permanently displayed at the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, D.C.

The Declaration is one of the most important founding documents of the United States.

The committee consisted of John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, Robert Livingston of New York, and Roger Sherman of Connecticut, and were constituted to draft a suitable declaration. Jefferson was instrumental in drafting the manifesto. Prior to the Continental Congress, the Continental Congress made significant changes to Jefferson's draft, which was rewritten in criminal courts, notably at the insistence of Georgia and South Carolina delegates, removing his strong condemnation of King George III for allowing slavery and the slave trade to exist in the colonies.

One of the removed chapters deals with slavery.

Jefferson, a graduate of the College of William and Mary, once wrote that the Declaration of Independence was "a call to the judgment of the world." Since 1776, the principles embodied in the Declaration of Independence have been recited throughout the world. Reformers in the United States, regardless of their motivation, whether to abolish slavery, ban segregation, or to improve women's rights, have toldrumined to the public that "all men are created equal."

Everywhere, when the people struggle against undemocratic rule, they argue, in Jefferson's words, that "rightful power is conferred by the consent of the governed."

The Declaration of Independence consists of four parts: the first is the preface, which sets out the purpose of the Declaration. The second part highly summarizes the most radical political ideas of the bourgeoisie at that time, namely the doctrine of natural rights and the idea of sovereignty in the people.

The third part recounts the crimes of British oppression of the people of the North American colonies, showing that the colonial people were forced to take up the first place under unbearable circumstances, and vigorously asserting the legitimacy and justice of independence. In the final part of the declaration, the United States solemnly proclaims its independence.

The Constitution of the United States of America, which Madison adopted in 1787. Independence preaching only solves the problem of American independence.

The 1787 Constitution, which has been in use for 200 years, is the basis for all the legal provisions of the United States, which highlights the ideas of human rights, democracy, and freedom.

(1) According to material 1, point out the changes in the American democratic system and explain how these changes affect the development of American society. (8 points).

Changes: From the autonomy of the community with collective decision-making before independence, to the final establishment of a centralized system after winning the war of independence and the constitution (4 points).

Impact: Laid the foundation for American democracy; gave impetus to the development of American capitalism. (4 points).