What are the current forms of ecological environment in China s society and the relevant laws enacte

The current ecological environment of China's society and the relevant laws formulated by China for this purpose include the Law on the Promotion of Cleaner Production, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the Regulations on the Collection and Use of Sewage Charges, and the Regulations on Nature Reserves

1. "Cleaner Production Promotion Law": In order to promote cleaner production, improve resource utilization efficiency, reduce and avoid the generation of pollutants, protect and improve the environment, protect human health, and promote sustainable economic and social development, the "Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China" is formulated. It was amended and adopted by the 28th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 29, 2002, and came into force on January 1, 2003.

2. The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution is formulated for the purpose of preventing and controlling radioactive pollution, protecting the environment, safeguarding human health, and promoting the development and peaceful use of nuclear energy and technology. It was adopted by the Third Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on June 28, 2003, and came into force on October 1, 2003.

3. The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution was formulated to protect and improve the environment, prevent and control air pollution, protect public health, promote the construction of ecological civilization, and promote sustainable economic and social development. It was promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on September 5, 1987 and came into force on June 1, 1988.

4. Article 14 of the Regulations on the Administration of the Collection and Use of Pollutant Discharge Fees After the amount of pollutant discharge fees is determined, the administrative department of environmental protection responsible for the verification of pollutant discharge shall deliver a notice of payment of pollutant discharge fees to the polluter. The polluter shall, within 7 days from the date of receipt of the notice of payment of the pollutant discharge fee, pay the pollutant discharge fee to the designated commercial bank. Commercial banks shall, in accordance with the prescribed proportions, pay the sewage charges received to the national treasury and the local treasury respectively.

The specific measures shall be formulated by the financial department in conjunction with the competent administrative department of environmental protection.

5. Regulations on Nature Reserves: Article 14 The scope and boundaries of nature reserves shall be determined by the people who approve the establishment of nature reserves, and the boundaries of the areas shall be marked and announced. The determination of the scope and boundaries of nature reserves shall take into account the integrity and appropriateness of the objects of protection, as well as the needs of local economic construction and the production and living needs of residents.

1) Serious air pollution.

At the beginning of 2014, just as people were immersed in the beautiful vision of "blue sky, green ground and clean water" in China, the Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued the first orange warning for haze in the history of Beijing meteorology at 10:35 on the 13th. This also opened a chapter in the new year. As a direct cause of haze weather and today's air pollution, because of its small particle size, it can easily attach to some bacteria, viruses and toxic chemicals, and enter the human respiratory tract and lungs through people's daily breathing, thereby causing diseases.

This also makes the general public and the first to know more about the seriousness of smog and its harm. And this kind of haze weather is the most important manifestation of air pollution in China.

2) Serious soil erosion.

China's existing soil erosion area of 3.56 million km2, is the world's most serious soil erosion country, the overall situation of soil erosion is: there is a point of governance, there is an expansion of the surface, the governance can not catch up with the destruction, the situation of soil erosion is severe, and an effective treatment plan is urgently needed, and the protection of the unlost land is strengthened.

3) Water scarcity and serious pollution.

By the end of the 20 th century, more than 400 of China's more than 600 cities had the problem of insufficient water supply, of which 110 were relatively serious water shortage cities, and the total water shortage in cities across the country was 6 billion cubic meters. And this water shortage situation is getting worse year by year, and now the river is becoming more and more severe, and the lake degradation is getting worse. What is even more worrying is that, according to the monitoring of relevant departments, the groundwater resources in most cities across the country are currently subject to a certain degree of point and surface pollution, and there is a trend of increasing year by year.

The increasingly serious water pollution not only reduces the use function of water bodies, but also further aggravates the contradiction of water shortage in China.

China's way to protect the ecological environment, one is the law, such as the environmental protection law, and related laws, and the other is the national standard for the discharge of three wastes, a considerable part of which is mandatory national standards, which can be retrieved in the CNKI database.

Strengthening pollution prevention and ecological construction is based on the current situationChina's environmental quality has remained stable on the whole, and environmental problems are still very prominentenvironmental situation.

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The first is to insist on the simultaneous protection of the ecological environment and the construction of the ecological environment. While intensifying the construction of the ecological environment, it is necessary to persist in giving priority to protection, giving priority to prevention, and combining prevention with prevention, so as to completely reverse the passive situation of destruction while building in some areas.

The second is to insist on paying equal attention to pollution prevention and ecological environmental protection. It is necessary to give full consideration to the mutual influence and role of regional and river basin environmental pollution and ecological environmental damage, adhere to the unified planning of pollution prevention and ecological environmental protection, organically combine urban and rural pollution prevention and ecological environmental protection, and strive to realize the integration of urban and rural environmental protection.

The third is to adhere to overall planning, comprehensive decision-making, and rational development. Correctly handle the relationship between resource exploitation and environmental protection, and persist in developing in the course of protection and protecting in the course of development. Economic development must follow the laws of nature and achieve the unity of the short-term and the long-term.

First, it is necessary to take into account both the local and the overall situation, and it is absolutely not allowed to sacrifice the ecological environment in exchange for immediate and local economic interests.

Fourth, adhere to the system of those who develop and protect, those who destroy and restore, and those who use and pay. It is necessary to clarify the rights, responsibilities, and interests of ecological and environmental protection, and make full use of legal and other means to protect the ecological environment.

Is it right or wrong that the principle of prevention first most fully embodies the law of market economy that must be followed in environmental protection?

The state's approach to improving the system of ecological and environmental protection is incorrect (only to ensure that the natural environment and conditions of the atmosphere, water, and soil, on which the people depend for their survival and development are not threatened or destroyed).

The ecological environmental protection system is to establish institutional mechanisms, laws and regulations that are conducive to protecting the ecological environment and cracking down on ecological damage and environmental pollution in the field of ecological environment under the premise of adhering to the basic national policy of environmental protection, so as to promote the construction of ecological civilization and maintain national ecological security.

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to implement the strictest ecological and environmental protection system. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China included the ecological and environmental protection system as an important part of Mori Beichang's efforts to uphold and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.

This indicates that the institutional design of ecological civilization construction that has been initially completed since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is being internalized as an important part of the national governance system, and the construction of ecological civilization is entering the stage of full implementation from the top-level design of theory and system. The design of the most stringent ecological and environmental protection system focuses on shifting from end-of-line treatment to source prevention, and from local treatment to whole-process control.

It has shifted from point source management to comprehensive management of river basins and regions, and from the rectification of individual problems to the protective management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses.

The establishment and improvement of the strictest ecological and environmental protection system is an important guarantee for realizing the grand goal of ecological civilization construction, and is an inherent requirement for alleviating the contradiction between resource and environmental constraints and economic and social development, promoting green development, and promoting the construction of a community of life between man and nature.

Answer]: At present, the legal definition of the environment in various countries roughly includes the following four ways: the first is the abstract definition method, that is, an abstract definition of the environment is given in legislation, and the specific scope of the environment is not specified.

The second is the enumeration of definitions, that is, the environment is not defined in the abstract in legislation, but the legal environment is defined in the form of enumerating specific environmental elements. The third is the combination of definitions, that is, the definition of the environment by the law includes both abstract generalizations and enumerations of specific environmental elements. The fourth can be called an indirect way of definition.

Some countries, especially those that do not have a basic law on environmental protection, but only have a framework law on environmental protection and a specific law, do not have a legal definition of the environment in their environmental legislation, but each specific law stipulates their respective scope of application, which is equivalent to indirectly enumerating the legal definition of the environment.

Answer]: C In the first step, this question examines current affairs and selects the wrong item.

The second step, the "Pilot Work Plan for the Construction of "Zero-Waste Cities" is a work plan formulated and issued by the General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China to guide the pilot work of the construction of "zero-waste cities" in China. On December 29, 2018, the "Pilot Work Plan for the Construction of "Zero-Waste Cities" was issued as clear. "Waste-free city" does not mean that there is no solid waste generated, nor does it mean that solid waste can be completely recycled, but is an advanced urban management concept, which aims to ultimately achieve the goal of minimizing the amount of solid waste generated, fully utilizing resources, and disposing of safely, which requires long-term exploration and practice.

Therefore, it is inaccurate to say that the complete resource utilization of solid waste has been realized.

So, choose option C.