The causes of chemical lead pollution and white pollution in modern times

Lead pollution: emissions from smelters and emissions from leaded gasoline from vehicle exhaust.

White pollution: plastic bags, plastic mulch, fast food boxes.

Chemical lead contamination.

The pollution of lead to the environment is caused by the industrial and mining enterprises that smelt, manufacture and use lead products, especially the lead-containing wastewater, waste gas and waste residue discharged from the non-ferrous metal smelting process. The second is caused by the lead-containing exhaust gas discharged from the car, and the gasoline uses tetraethyl lead as an antiknock agent (1 3 grams per kilogram of gasoline), and the lead enters the atmosphere with the exhaust gas discharged from the car during the gasoline combustion process. There are more than 200 million cars in the world, and the total amount of lead emitted every year reaches 400,000 tons, becoming the main source of lead pollution in the atmosphere.

In clean cities, the amount of lead in the atmosphere is about microgram meters. Cities in industrially developed countries are polluted with varying degrees of lead in their atmosphere. 1968 In 1969, the level of lead detected in the atmosphere in Los Angeles, USA, was as high as microgram-meters, with an average of microgram-meters.

In 1969, the level of lead detected in the atmosphere in Tokyo, Japan, was microgram-meters, with an average of microgram-meters. At the UK's high-traffic junctions, the average daily concentration of lead in the atmosphere is 24 micrograms.

White pollution. White pollution is a visual term for the phenomenon of refractory plastic waste (mostly referring to plastic bags) polluting the environment. It refers to the phenomenon that all kinds of domestic plastic products made of polystyrene (jǜ běn yǐ xī), polypropylene (jǜ bǐng xī), polyvinyl chloride (jǜlǜ yǐ xī) and other polymer compounds are discarded as solid waste after use, and are difficult to degrade due to random littering, resulting in serious environmental pollution.

The main white pollution is food packaging, styrofoam filled packaging, fast food boxes, agricultural mulch films, etc.

White pollution is a unique environmental pollution in China's cities, a large number of discarded plastic products can be seen everywhere in various public places, they come from nature, made by human beings, and are not easy to be absorbed by nature when they are ultimately attributed to nature, thus affecting the ecological environment of nature. From the perspective of resource conservation, because plastic products are mainly facing depleted petroleum resources, they should be as much as possible, but because the production cost of re-production at this stage is much higher than the direct production cost, it is difficult to do so under the current market economy conditions.

The so-called "white pollution" is a figurative term for the phenomenon of waste plastics polluting the environment. In nature, there are almost no microorganisms that can use plastic as nutrients. Plastic waste stays in nature for a long time, even up to 500 years.

Clause.

1. Air pollutionThe air pollution in China's cities is still mainly soot, and the main pollutants are sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and soot.

Clause. 2. The types of substances polluted by water pollution include: organic toxic substances; inorganic toxic substances; ozone-depleting pollutants; plant nutrient contaminants; pathogenic microorganisms; radioactive contaminants, etc. China's cities and nearby rivers are still dominated by organic pollution, and the main pollution indicators are petroleum, permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen.

Clause. 3. Solid waste pollution includes industrial waste, construction waste and domestic waste.

Clause. 4. Noise pollution: The noise of most cities in China is at a moderate pollution level.

Clause. 5. Soil pollution: Sources of soil pollution include rotten application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, industrial wastewater and waste residue, and domestic sewage and garbage.

The main reasons:

1. Water pollution. It refers to the phenomenon that the chemical, physical, biological, biological, or radioactive contamination characteristics of a water body are changed due to the intervention of a certain substance, thereby affecting the effective use of water, endangering human health or destroying the ecological environment, and causing the deterioration of water quality.

2. Radioactive contamination. Exceeding the national and local standards for pollutant discharge, discharging pollutants in excess of types, amounts and concentrations, and illegally discharging toxic and harmful substances into the atmosphere, resulting in air pollution accidents.

3. Noise pollution. It refers to the phenomenon that the environmental noise generated exceeds the environmental noise emission standards stipulated by the state and interferes with the normal work, study and life of others.

Features: 1. Pollution, environmental pollution is not affected by regional, racial, and economic conditions, and all are victimized.

2. Latent, many pollution is not easy to find in time, and once it erupts, the consequences are serious.

3. Long-term, many long-term and continuous effects of pollution, endangering people's health and life, are not easy to eliminate.

The main sources of environmental pollution are:

1. Waste smoke, exhaust gas, noise, dirty water and garbage discharged from people's lives.

2. Exhaust gases and noise emitted from vehicles (all fuel vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc.).

3. Water flowing out after irrigation of farmland with a large amount of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals.

4. Mine wastewater and waste residue.

Chinese: Like all industrialized countries, China's environmental pollution problem goes hand in hand with industrialization. Before the 50s, China's industrialization had just started, and the industrial base was weak The problem of environmental pollution was not yet prominent, but the problem of ecological deterioration has accumulated over thousands of years, and it is difficult to return.

After the fifties, with the large-scale industrialization and the rapid development of heavy industry, the problem of environmental pollution began to appear. However, at this time, the scope of pollution is still limited to urban areas, and the degree of harm caused by pollution is relatively limited. In the 80s, with the reform and opening up and the rapid development of the economy, China's environmental pollution gradually intensified, especially the sudden rise of township enterprises, which caused environmental pollution to spread sharply to the rural areas, and at the same time, the scope of ecological damage was also expanding.

Today, environmental problems, like population problems, have become two major problems in China's economic and social development.

Section 1: Environmental Pollution.

As China is now in the stage of rapid industrialization and urbanization, the intensity of development of natural resources is increasing, coupled with the extensive economic growth mode, the technical level and management level are relatively backward, and the pollutant emissions are increasing. Judging from the overall situation of the whole country, China's environmental pollution is still intensifying, the ecological deterioration is difficult to return, and the environmental situation is not optimistic.

1. Air pollution.

1 Pollution status.

According to the Bulletin on the State of the Environment in China, in 1997, China's urban air quality was still at a relatively high level of pollution, with northern cities heavier than southern cities (see Figure 3-1). The annual average sulphur dioxide concentration ranged from 3,248 μgm3 to 66 μgm3 nationwide. More than half of the northern cities and more than one-third of the southern cities have annual averages that exceed the national secondary standard (60 μgm3).

The average annual value in northern cities is 72 μgm3; The average annual value in southern cities is 60 micrograms3. Cities in the high-sulfur coal regions in southwest China, represented by Yibin, Guiyang and Chongqing, and cities in Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Shaanxi in the north, which consume large amounts of energy, have serious sulfur dioxide pollution.

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Use the principles of chemistry to solve it.

Isn't it just carbon dioxide? Less plants.

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With the acceleration of people's life rhythm, social life is developing towards convenience and hygiene. In order to meet this demand, disposable styrofoam lunch boxes, plastic bags, chopsticks, water cups, etc. have begun to frequently enter people's daily lives. When you go to the market to buy vegetables, no matter whether the price of the vegetables is high or low, you don't use plastic bags.

When you go to a fast-food restaurant to eat, the waiter will always hand you a plastic lunch box. The emergence of these easy-to-use and low-cost packaging materials has brought a lot of convenience to people's lives. But on the other hand, these packaging materials are often discarded after use, causing "white pollution", forming environmental hazards and becoming a great environmental problem.

White pollution starts with plastics. Plastic is a kind of polymer materials, using petroleum as raw materials to produce ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, styrene, etc., the molecules of these substances can react with each other under certain conditions to form compounds with large molecular weight (i.e., polymers): polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene.

The plastic we usually use is a material composed of the above four polymers (polyethylene and polypropylene films have brittle sound when shaking, while polyvinyl chloride films are softer and have no brittle sound when shaking; Foamed plastic is generally polystyrene, which has thick smoke when burned). Since the sixties of the last century, plastics have entered the stage of widespread use. Since plastic has a lot of advantages:

It is easy to take materials, inexpensive, easy to process, and light in texture, so as soon as plastic came out, it was welcomed by the world, and it quickly penetrated into all aspects of social life, and plastic was made into bowls, cups, bags, basins, barrels, tubes, etc. Plastic is listed as one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century, and its popularity is known as the White Revolution.

As the production of plastics continues to increase and the cost is getting lower and lower, a large number of agricultural films, plastic bags for packaging and disposable plastic cutlery that we use are discarded in the environment after use, bringing great damage to the landscape and the environment. Since plastic packaging is mostly white, the environmental pollution they cause is known as white pollution.

Because because of the use of too much plastic, white garbage is generated.

The main reason is human life and production.

1.We call on everyone to protect the environment.

2.Development of new energy sources.

3.Start with me, start from your side.

The hygiene of this world starts with me.

There is a serious waste of water resources in our country, and our water resources are very scarce, especially freshwater resources. In terms of domestic water use--- the international average is 80l days, while in China it is about 150 200l days; In terms of agricultural irrigation, the irrigation quota is generally 400,500 cubic meters, while in China it is generally 800,1200 cubic meters.

White pollution usually refers to the phenomenon that various domestic plastic products are discarded as solid waste after use, which is difficult to degrade and treat, resulting in serious pollution of the urban environment, which is a term for people to pollute the environment by plastic waste. The most important white pollution is waste plastic packaging bags, disposable plastic fast food boxes, etc.

Hello. With the rapid development of China's economy, the use of plastic products has jumped to the first place in the world. According to data released by a takeaway platform, there are about 400 million takeaways per week, so at least 400 million plastic bags, disposable tableware, etc. will be generated.

While plastic products provide convenience for people's lives, they also cause a huge burden on the environment. It is understood that it takes at least 470 years for each plastic bag to degrade, and about 8 million tons of plastic are dumped into the ocean every year, and about one-third of plastic is dumped in China. In this era of rapid economic development, the contradiction between man and nature, economy and environment is intensifying, and the protection of the environment and adhere to the road of sustainable development can not be ignored

1. From the perspective of consumers, try to avoid the use of plastic products. Whether you are going out shopping or dining, bring your own shopping bag as much as possible to reduce take-out and take-out food. For consumers, only by eliminating and excluding the use of single-use plastic products from the source can plastic pollution be minimized.

2. From the perspective of science and technology, try to use paper products or degradable materials instead of ordinary plastics. In contrast, paper is made from natural plant fibers, which is less polluting to the environment and easier to decompose. However, paper products require a large amount of wood, and the production cost is higher than that of plastic, so it can only be used on a small scale.

In the current era of scientific and technological development, it is necessary to speed up the research and development of various degradable composite materials, develop low-cost fully degradable materials as soon as possible, industrialize and put them into the market.

3. From the perspective of the best products, standardize the best utilization of waste plastics. Many clean waste plastic packaging can be reused, which can not only avoid environmental pollution, reduce the pressure of urban waste overload, but also reap certain economic benefits. At the same time, the department should adhere to the implementation of the "plastic restriction order", strictly control the use of plastic products in many places, and accelerate the promotion of the use of waste plastics.

At present, many products are difficult to replace with plastic outer materials, one is the material characteristics, and the other is the cost problem. Such products can be replaced with biodegradable materials.

Content from the user: Men's Heart Ocean.

Recommendations for Reducing White Pollution.

White Pollution Reduction Recommendation 1 Dear School Leaders:

Hello! I am a Year 6 student at our school. I have been studying, living, and playing on this beautiful campus for seven years.

Every inch of the campus and every scenery have left me with deep memories, some happy, some happy. Every morning, I go to school to the sound of birds chirping; Every afternoon, I leave school with the glow of the setting sun. Unconsciously, I have an affection for the school, which is like my other home.

Recently, I always heard the sound of dripping water from the faucet, always saw the peels of melons and fruits under the big trees, always saw the deep footprints on the grass, and always saw the candy wrappers on the playground.

As a student in our school, as a big sister in Year 6, and as a member of this big family, I have a few suggestions that I hope the school leaders can take time out of their busy schedules to take a look

1. At the faucet, paste an advertising slogan about cherishing the water source, so that students can tighten the faucet after using the water, so as not to waste any drop of water on the earth, and not to let the water bill be lost in vain.

2. In the lawn, flower beds, under the big trees, erect advertising slogans about caring for flowers and trees, once found that students ignore or do not understand the advertising slogans, timely educate them to correct the shortcomings of trampling on flowers and trees, if there are students who do not change their teachings and do not listen to repeated persuasions, they will be criticized or punished.

3. Place one or more garbage bins in the staircase, in the playground, and throughout the school, and put up advertising slogans about protecting hygiene and caring for the environment. If there are still students who insist on throwing garbage on the ground, they will be punished for sweeping the playground or other places for a month, and the offense will be punished again. Create a simple living atmosphere, construct a green life concept, reduce the use of plastic products, and refuse to create new pollution.

Be a green who resists white pollution.