What is Jerusalem Artichoke? In which province is the most Jerusalem artichoke produced

Jerusalem artichoke is native to North America and introduced to China through Europe, and its edible part is generally tuber, which is spindle-shaped or irregularly nodulous; The skin is red, yellow, and white; The texture is delicate and crispy, but the quality of fresh food is not good. Jerusalem artichoke is widely distributed and cultivated in all parts of northern and southern China; Adaptable, barren, cold, and drought-tolerant; Easy to plant, sowing at one time and harvesting multiple times; The yield is extremely high.

Jerusalem artichoke tubers have a sweet and palatable taste and are a good accompaniment to meals. The content of inulin in tubers is high, and the fructose after inulin hydrolysis is used in medicine and making candy, cakes, etc. Tubers are also used as industrial raw materials for starch and alcohol.

Jerusalem artichoke is rich in nutrients in the aboveground stems and leaves and underground tubers, making it an excellent feed for livestock. In summer and autumn, the top of the plant is full of disc-shaped yellow flowers, shaped like chrysanthemums, and has the function of beautifying the house. How to eat:

Mainly washed, peeled and cooked or boiled porridge, washed and pickled; Dried Jerusalem artichoke.

Jerusalem artichoke is commonly known as "devil ginger" and "artichoke", and is a plant of the Asteraceae family. Perennial herb with erect stems, up to 1 3 m high, well-developed pith, branched at the apex. The tubers are mostly irregularly shaped, with red or yellow skin.

The leaves are opposite at the base, alternate at the top, long ovate, rough above, pubescent below, and finely serrated at the margins. Its meat is crisp and tender, contains less crude fiber, and is mostly used to process pickles. ]

The underground stems of Jerusalem artichoke also swell into tubers, commonly known as "foreign ginger". The characteristics of the stem may also be seen on the tuber, such as nodes, internodes, vestigial leaflets, as well as apical buds, side buds, etc., if we carefully observe on a piece of potato chunks that have been placed for a long time, we can see many pits on it, and there is a bud in the center of many pits on one side, which is the apical bud, and there are multiple side buds in many pits around it; On the slightly lower side of the cavity there is a semicircular transverse ridge, which is called the node, and on the fresh potato nugget, a small scaly leaf can be seen on the transverse ridge. ]

It can be eaten, but it is not a condiment for stir-frying, it can be eaten stir-fried, it can be eaten in a cover-up. It is shaped like ginger and is a relative of ginger. ]

There are many ways to reproduce Jerusalem artichoke. In general, propagation by cuttings is the most common type and the one with the highest survival rate. Secondly, plant propagation can be carried out every time the pot is changed.

In fact, Jerusalem artichoke can also be propagated by sowing seeds and tissue culture. These methods of reproduction take root after about a month.

1. Propagation by cuttings.

Jerusalem artichoke can be propagated by cuttings all year round, but the temperature is best kept around 15 20. First of all, the side branches of Jerusalem artichoke need to be pruned 15 to 20 cm, and then sprayed with carbendazim, inserted into the soil to keep it moist, and the branches will take root and sprout in about a month.

2. Dividing propagation.

Many people do not know how to breed eggplant artichoke, and propagation by ramifications is similar to propagation by cuttings, which are commonly used propagation methods of Jerusalem artichoke. When Jerusalem artichoke turns over every 2-3 years, the Jerusalem artichoke branches can be separated from the base of the plant, and then the wound is disinfected, and the branches and mother plants are inserted into the potting soil for maintenance.

3. Sowing and propagating.

Generally, taro is sown and propagated in spring and autumn. First of all, the good seeds of taro should be prepared, and then sown in the soil after early laying. It is necessary to loosen the soil properly so that the seeds are more likely to take root and germinate in the soil, and spray the soil with an appropriate amount of water.

After the seeds have taken root and germinated, they can be maintained normally in the sun.

4. Tissue culture propagation.

To propagate by tissue culture, the shoot tips and side buds of robust taro are first picked, then carbendazim is sprayed on the wound and inserted into a substrate mixed with pond mud and compost at a ratio of 3:1. Rooting water can be used, indoleacetic acid, benzylaminoadenine can be used to induce bud rooting, and rooting takes about 20-30 days.

Cultivated within the territory of ChinaArtichokeThe most is Shanxi Province, Shanxi Luliang. Jerusalem artichokeOriginNorth AmericaIt was introduced to China through Europe and is now cultivated in most parts of China. Hardy and drought-resistant, the tubers safely overwinter in permafrost at -30.

Seedlings can tolerate light frost in early spring, and adult leaves can tolerate short-term -4--5 in autumn. Temperate zone 18-22 , light 12 hours, conducive to tuber formation. In addition to acidic soil, swamps and saline-alkali areas are not suitable for planting, some land that is not suitable for planting other crops, such as ruins, house edges, and roadsides can grow.

Cultivation techniques. Weeding.

After the Jerusalem artichoke seedlings emerge, it is necessary to return the seedlings in time to replenish the seedlings, and lift the oak hunger to replenish the seedlings for one time weeding. Cultivating and weeding is generally 30-40 days after sowing to cultivate loose soil, with a depth of about 6 cm, combined with cultivating for weeding. The second tillage was carried out in combination with weeding before the bud appeared, which created good conditions for the growth and development of tubers.

Fertilize. Soil preparation and application of base fertilizer: after harvesting in autumn, 5000 kg of soil miscellaneous manure is applied per mu, 70% is sprinkled, and 30% is applied in the furrow during sowing; Sulfuric acid is also applied, such as potassium.

15 kg, deep ploughing 30 cm, after ploughing leveling the furrow for sowing. On the basis of applying sufficient basal fertilizer, Jerusalem artichoke needs to be top-applied twice during the growth period: the first time is around late May, and urea is applied per mu.

10 kg to promote the seedlings to be strong and sprout new branches; The second time in the early stage of budding, 15 kg of potassium sulfate per mu was applied, and watered after chasing.

Arrowroot has broad leaves and zebra-like dark green stripes, which is extremely beautiful, and is a common and popular indoor foliage plant cultivated internationally. Native to Brazil. It likes warm, humid and semi-shady environments, is not cold-tolerant, and is afraid of dryness and strong light exposure.

Characteristics: Velvet arrowroot is a perennial evergreen herb. The leaves are oblong, the leaf mask is velvety, and has zebra-like pinnate stripes intertwined with light green and dark green, and the back of the leaf is red.

Habits: The growth temperature of velvet arrowroot is 18 25, 3 September is 21 27, and September to March of the following year is 18 21. The temperature in winter is not lower than 13, and the temperature in summer is more than 35, otherwise it is extremely unfavorable to the growth of velvet arrowroot, so that the growth of stems and leaves stops or freezes to death.

Velvet arrowroot is very sensitive to moisture. During the growing season, it is necessary to water well and keep the potting soil moist. However, if the soil is too wet, it will cause root rot and even death, so special attention should be taken.

At the same time, if the air humidity is low, the leaves will curl immediately and react very sensitively. For indoor cultivation, the air humidity must be maintained at 70 to 80. Keep it slightly dry in winter, and the leaves are easy to turn yellow and wilt if they are too wet.

Velvet arrowroot likes to grow in low light or semi-shade environment, but grows in low light indoors for a long time, the plant is weak, and the leaves lose their unique color. On the contrary, in the middle of summer, if exposed to strong light for a while, the leaves are prone to burns. 12,000 lux light intensity is most suitable.

The soil is preferably loaf, loose and well-drained humus. A mixture of culture soil, peat soil and coarse sand for potting.

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.).Commonly known as artichoke and devil ginger, it is native to North America and is a perennial herbaceous plant (cultivated species that can form underground tubers) belonging to the genus Sunflower in the family Asteraceae (compositae), with a chromosome number of 2n=102. Underground tubers are rich in fructose polymers such as inulin.

Jerusalem artichoke stems erect, oblate, with irregular protrusions, stems 2 3 m high. Leaves ovate, apex pointed, green, alternate. Capitate inflorescence with yellow flowers.

The tubers are pericarp-free, achenes wedge-shaped, hairy. According to the color of the tuber bark, it can be divided into two varieties: red skin and white skin. Jerusalem artichoke is cold tolerant and drought tolerant, the tubers germinate and germinate at 6 7 hours, 8 10 seedlings emerge, the seedlings can tolerate 1 2 low temperatures, 18 22 and 12 hours of sunshine are conducive to the formation of tubers, and the tubers can safely overwinter in the permafrost layer of 25 40.

Jerusalem artichoke, scientific name: helianthustuberosus (also known as artichoke and devil ginger), is a perennial root-based herb. It is 1-3 meters tall and has tubular underground stems and fibrous roots.

The stems are erect, branched, and covered with short white rough hairs or bristles. The leaves are usually opposite, with petioles, but the upper leaves are alternate; The lower lobes are ovate or ovate-oval. The inflorescences are large, few or many, solitary at the end of the branches, with 1-2 linear-lanceolate bracts, erect, tongue-like flowers usually 12-20, tongue yellow, spreading, oblong-elliptic, tubular flowers corolla yellow, 6 mm long.

The achenes are small, wedge-shaped, with 2-4 hairy cones at the upper end. Flowering period is from August to September.

1 Pinyin 2 English references.

3 "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine": Jerusalem artichoke.

Another name for Jerusalem artichoke.

Habitat distribution.

Functional indications. Dosage of Jerusalem artichoke.

Excerpt Jú Yùjerusalem Artichoke Jerusalem Artichoke is a cultivated species of the genus Sunflower in the family Asteraceae (Compositae) that can form underground tubers, and its scientific name is Helianthus tuberosus L, also known as artichoke and devil ginger. The number of chromosomes is 2n6x102.

Underground tubers are rich in inulin, which is fructose polymer. It is fried or salted and processed, and fructose and alcohol can also be made. It has an adjuvant effect on diabetes.

Native to North America. It is sporadically cultivated throughout China. The stem is erect and 23m high.

Leaves ovate, apex pointed, green, alternate. The stems are oblate and rounded, with irregular protrusions. Capitate inflorescence with yellow flowers.

The tubers have no pericarp and are not resistant to storage. Alemen wedge-shaped, hairy. According to the color of the tuber bark, it is divided into two varieties: yellow skin and white skin.

Cold and drought tolerant, tubers germinate at 67 bud eyes, 810 seedlings emerge, seedlings can withstand 12 low temperatures, 1822 and 12 hours of sunshine are conducive to tuber formation. The tubers safely overwinter in permafrost at 25 to 30 °C. After thawing in spring and spring, 2025g tubers were selected for sowing with row spacing.

The sowing depth is 710 cm. Seedlings emerge about 30 days after sowing. After the seedlings are raised, top dressing and watering, weeding and soil into low ridges.

When the tuber is enlarged, the top is removed and watered frequently to promote the tuber to expand. Harvest after autumn frost. When harvesting, the small tubers can be left in the soil to germinate in the next year, and the seedlings can be replanted in time.

ArtichokeAsteraceae Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus L, with tuberous roots, stems, and leaves as medicine.

It is cultivated in North China and East China.

Clear heat and cool blood, bone. It is mainly used for the treatment of fever, intestinal heat, diarrhea, bruises, bone injuries.

1 tuber, chew raw; Externally, fresh stems and leaves are mashed and compressed to the affected area.

National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine

First, the difference between blades.

Jerusalem artichoke leaves are usually opposite, the upper leaves are alternate, the lower leaves are ovate or ovate, about 10-16 cm long, about 3-6 cm wide, the base is broadly wedge-shaped or rounded, sometimes slightly heart-shaped, the upper leaves are oblong and broadly lanceolate. The basal leaves of chicory are inverted needle-like rectangular and much wider than the former. The petioles are about 15-34 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, pinnate and deeply lobed, with serrated margins.

The parietal lobes are larger and gradually decreasing downward, and the leaves are triangular or sickle-shaped. The stems and leaves are ovate, inverted-lanceolate, then lanceolate.

Second, the difference between flowers.

Jerusalem artichoke inflorescence large, total bracts multilayered, lanceolate, pointed oblong-conical, 12-20 tongue-like flowers, yellow, tongue oblong-elliptic, corolla tubular. Chicory is also a flower head, and its total bracts are cylindrical, with two layers, the outer layer is lanceolate, the inner layer of the bench is linear-lanceolate, and the tongue-shaped flower color is blue.