Is a fissured eruption a type of volcanic eruption 5

The types of volcanic eruptions are divided into two categories: fractured eruptions and central eruptions according to the channels of magma.

Fracture eruptions are also known as Icelandic volcanic eruptions. Magma spills over to the surface along fault zones in the earth's crust. The eruption is mild and quiet, and the magma ejected is a mafic basalt magma with little viscosity and little debris and gas.

When mafic lava overflows, it forms a wide and thin lava cover, or basalt plateau. The lava cones are arranged in a linear pattern along the fault zone.

Central eruption Magma ejects from the ground along the throat of a volcano. According to the intensity of the ejecta and the activity, it can be divided into the following types, and its name is named after a representative volcano, place name, or person name.

Hawaiian-type magma is a mafic lava with little gas and volcanic ash. Lava overflows from the crater, the cones are shield-shaped, and the bowl at the top contains a lake of scorching lava with lava "fountains" on the surface of the lake.

The Stromboli-type magma is more viscous in medium-mafic nature, with more gas, medium intensity**, and the ejecta is mainly volcanic bombs, volcanic cinders and old rock chips, and there are also lava flows. Volcanic cones are clastic or layered cones.

Urcanotype A type of violent eruption. Sticky or solid, angular chunks of lava are thrown out with large amounts of ash, forming "plumes of smoke". Few or no lava flows. Formation of clastic or lamellar cones.

Perley magma is viscous and medium-acidic, gasy, intense**, with rapid volcanic ash flows. The volcanic cone is a clastic cone with a large slope, and the top of the cone is a rock dome, and the volcanic neck protrudes from the ground after weathering and denudation.

Prini-type viscous magma forms "plugs" in volcanic passages, and once the lava breaks through the "plugs", it is particularly intense, producing towering luminous volcanic clouds and ash flows. The cone crest is a crater destroyed by violent **.

Ultra-Urcano type usually has no magma ejection, and the ejecta is mainly rock debris and volcanic ash and gas, and the amount is not large, and the crater is low and flat.

Vapor eruption type Groundwater is vaporized by magma, and gas is ejected continuously or periodically.

From the encyclopedia, it is found to be a type of volcanic eruption, and there are quiet, bursting, intermediate and fusing in addition to this type. For more specifics, please move here.

Hope it helps.

Volcanic eruptions are affected by various factors such as magma properties, pressure in underground magma reservoirs, the shape of volcanic channels, and the volcanic eruption environment (onshore or underwater). Magma overflows the surface along huge fissures in the earth's crust, known as fissure eruptions, which are mostly found at the bottom of the ocean and are one of the causes of seafloor expansion. Central eruption refers to the form in which underground magma is ejected to the surface through tubular volcanic channels, and it is the main form of modern volcanoes.

Types of volcanic eruptions.

Due to the influence of magma properties, the pressure in the underground magma reservoir, the shape of the volcanic channel, the volcanic eruption environment (onshore or underwater) and other factors, the eruption form of volcanic eruption scene is very different, and there are generally some classifications.

Fractured eruptions.

Magma spills out of the earth's surface along huge fissures in the earth's crust, known as fissure eruptions. This kind of eruption does not have a strong ** phenomenon, and the ejecta is mostly mafic molten slurry, which often forms a lava platform covering a wide area after condensation. For example, the Permian Basalt with the Sullen Spring Emei Mountain Basalt and the Tertiary Hannuoba Basalt north of Zhangjiakou in Hebei Province are all fractured eruptions.

Modern fissure eruptions are mainly distributed at the mid-ocean ridges of the ocean floor, and such volcanic eruptions can only be seen in Iceland on the mainland, so they are also called Icelandic volcanoes. Fissured eruptions are often found at the bottom of the ocean and are one of the causes of seafloor expansion.

Central eruption.

Magma erupts to the surface along a certain tubular channel, and the lava covers a smaller area. This is the most dominant type of modern volcanic activity. According to the intensity of the eruption, it can be slightly divided into serenity, Stromboli and explosive.

1 Tranquil eruption type is dominated by mafic lava (basalt) eruption, with higher molten temperature, less gas, and no **, so there are few solid eruptions, often forming a shield-shaped volcanic cone with a large base and gentle slope, represented by Hawaiian volcanoes, so it is also called Hawaiian eruption type.

2 Stromboli eruption type belongs to the eruption type between the quiet type and the explosive type, which is dominated by medium and mafic molten slurry eruptions, and has a certain force. When a volcano erupts, it can throw unsolidified lava into the air and rotate to form a spindle-shaped or spiral volcanic bomb, but because of the small force, there is generally no volcanic ash. This eruption is represented by the Stromboli volcano.

Stromboli (926m) is located in the Lipari Islands in northern Sicily, Italy, with a steep cone. The lava is mafic, and the lava that has been erupted at one time and is blocked in the volcanic tube has not yet solidified, and a large amount of gas has accumulated below, and the lava in the mountain tube has erupted again, about every 2-3 minutes. At night, you can see the glittering red light from 150 km away, so it is called the "lighthouse of the Mediterranean".

3 Explosive eruption type Most of them are mainly medium-acid molten slurry eruptions, which contain a lot of gas, have strong force, and often form a large amount of volcanic debris, especially volcanic ash. There are many volcanoes that belong to this eruption, such as Vesuvius in Italy, Krakatoa in Indonesia, Pere in the West Indies, and St Helens in the United States.

Central eruptions can be subdivided into nine types:

1. Tranquil type: when the volcano erupts, only a large amount of red-hot lava overflows from the crater quietly, and the mafic molten slurry that flows slowly along the slope is the main one, with high molten temperature, small viscosity, less volatile components, and easy flow. It contains less gas, no ** phenomenon, and the Hawaiian volcanoes are its representatives, also known as the Hawaiian type;

2. Burst type: when the volcano erupts, a large amount of gas and pyroclastic materials are ejected violently at the same time, and the molten slurry ejected is mainly medium acid molten slurry;

3. Intermediate type: It belongs to the transitional type between quiet and burst eruptions, and this type is dominated by medium mafic lava eruptions. If there is, the force is not large. It can erupt smoothly over a long period of time for months, or even years, and is characterized by intermittent eruptions;

4. Pliny: The most powerful form of volcanic eruption, which can spray volcanic ash to an altitude of more than 45 kilometers and then cover a large area. This type is dominated by acidic magma, with low flow force and high viscosity, but it can form strong pyroclastic flows.

5. Vulcano: It can spray hot rocks and volcanic ash to an altitude of more than 20 kilometers and fall near the volcano;

6. Sutesey: In the first half of volcanic activity, a crater on the shallow seafloor is characterized by repeated eruptions;

7. Super Vulcano: Like the water vapor explosion, it is an explosive eruption of almost no magmatic material;

8. Super Pliny: An extremely rare form of volcanic eruption, very large-scale, and the volcanic ash spewed out can cover the whole world;

9. Pan-cloth basalt type: the scale is very large.

Explosive, quiet, intermediate.