What is the Theory of Solid Stone? Concrete!

Academically, Gongsun Long was the leader of the famous "Lijianbai" faction. The debate between "white horse" and "solid white" is the main debate topic of Gongsun Long's famous history. He once debated with Kong in Pingyuan Jun's house "White Horse is not a Horse", and also debated with Zou Yan, was criticized by Zou Yan, and was soon deposed by Pingyuan Jun and died.

"Jianbai Shishi II" is a new thesis of "Jianbai Theory". At the beginning of the article, there is a dialogue between the host and the guest: "Jian Baishi three, can you?" He said, "No." Say, what's the matter? Said: Yes. The opening point clearly points out the topic of the "Theory of Solid Whiteness".

In "The Theory of Jianbai", Gongsun Long used Shi as an example to expound his view of "Lijianbai". Gongsun Long believes that human feelings cannot be both hard and white at the same time. Even if the rational mind of man is involved, reason cannot synthesize the sensations acquired by the senses, so that the knowledge of the firmness of stone and the whiteness of the stone are separate from each other.

He even believes that "firmness" and "whiteness" can also exist independently of concrete stones, that is, they can hide themselves independently from things.

He is right to believe that the knowledge of the different properties of stone can only be obtained through the corresponding senses, and that the functions of the various senses cannot replace each other. However, Gongsun Long one-sidedly emphasized the limitations of the senses, severed the dialectical relationship between perceptual cognition and rational cognition, and denied the comprehensive ability of reason to various senses. In this way, two simple judgments that differ from each other under certain conditions cannot be unified.

In his view, it can only be either/or, and it cannot be either/or, thus denying the rationality of dialectical thinking. On the grounds of the limitations of the senses, Gongsun Long severed the internal connection between the attributes of things, and exaggerated the relative independence of commonality and generality, so that the commonality was separated from individuality and the general from the individual, and believed that they could exist independently and independently, which is obviously an idealist view.

The theory of Jianbai is a philosophical proposition of Gongsun Long. There is some degree of similarity between the theory of instability and Heisenberg's law of uncertainty. Argument: Hard and white cannot exist in stone at the same time.

Source: Warring States Gongsun Long's "Theory of Solid Whiteness".

Excerpt from the original text: Hard, white, stone, three, can it? ”

He said, "No." ”

Say, what's the matter? ”

Said: Yes. ”

He said, "What? ”

He said: "If there is no hard white, there are two moves; There is no white firmness, and its actions are also two. ”

Translation: Is it okay to say: "Hard, white, and stone" are combined at the same time?

said: No.

Say, "So the two are combined, okay?"

Say: Okay. Say, "Why is that?"

Say: When you see "white" because you can't see "hard", you see white stone, and white stone is a substance that combines white (finger) and stone (thing), and white stone is a concrete thing, which is a combination of the two; When you can't touch "white" but touch "hard", what you know is a solid stone, and a solid stone is also a concrete thing, and it is also a combination of the two.

Hard, white, stone, three, what? ”

He said, "No." ”

Say, what's the matter? ”

Said: Yes. ”

He said, "What? ”

He said: "If there is no hard white, there are two moves; There is no white firmness, and its actions are also two. ”

He said: "It is white, it cannot be said that it is nothing." It is not unfortunate. And the stone is also, of course, not three? ”

He said: "Those who can't see what they are strong and get what they are white have no strength." You can't get what you want, but you get what you want. It is also strong, and there is no white. ”

He said: "There is no white in the world, and you can't look at stones." There is no solid in the world, and it cannot be called a stone. The solid white stone is not the same, and the three are hidden, but what? ”

He said: "There is self-hiding, and there is non-hiding." ”

He said: "Its whiteness is also, its strength is also, and the stone will be prosperous, and its self-hiding can not be helped?" ”

He said: "Get its whiteness, get its firmness, see it and don't see it." I don't see each other, I don't see each other, so I leave. Those who leave are also hidden. ”

He said: "The white of the stone, the strength of the stone, seeing and not seeing, two and three, if the extensive cultivation and mutual benefit, it is not a lift." ”

He said: "Things are white, and they are not sure what they are white." Things are strong, and they are not sure what they are strong. Indefinite and indefinite, evil as a stone? ”

He said: "Follow the stone, there is no stone for it, and there is nothing for the stone." (Hard, white) stones are not separated. But there is no end to it. ”

He said: "Yu Shi is also one, Jian Bai is also two, but Yu Shi." Therefore there is knowledge; There is no knowing, there is seeing, and there is not seeing. Therefore, knowing and not knowing are separated from each other, seeing and not seeing are hidden and hidden. Hidden reason, who is inseparable? ”

He said, "The eyes cannot be firm, and the hands cannot be white." It cannot be said that there is no solidity, and it cannot be said that there is no vain. Its different responsibilities are also irreplaceable. Solid white domain in stone, evil away? ”

He said: "Solid is not strong with stone, but both things." It is not combined with things, but it must be strong - it is not a stone, and things are strong. There is nothing in the world that is strong and hidden. ”

Bai Gu can't confess, evil can be white stone? If the white is white, then it is not white but white, and yellow and black are the same. ”

The stone is scattered before there is no clearing, and the evil takes the solid white stone? So I left it. Those who leave also, because it is. ”

Power and knowledge, the effect is not as good as the cause. and it is white to see with its eyes, and its eyes to see with fire, and the fire not to see. Then the fire and the eyes are out of sight and God is seen. God does not see, but sees departed. ”

Stick to the hand, and the hand to beat, is to beat the hand and know but not know. And God and the unknown. God, yes, is to say detachment. ”

Those who leave the world are independent. ”

Gongsun Long is a philosophical proposition with a state that has some degree of similarity with Haysen's law of inaccuracy. Argument: Hard and white cannot exist in stone at the same time.