Where is the best place to grow sunflowers, and survive for a long time.

Sunflowers can be used in all seasons, mainly in summer and winter. Key points of multiplication Propagation is to reproduce offspring by seeds, and peat soil is appropriate for sowing. Sunflowers have a high demand for light and a wide range of temperature tolerances, suitable for temperatures of 15-30 degrees Celsius, but still grow faster in summer.

Due to the high demand for light and fast metabolism, the water demand is high, so it is advisable to irrigate frequently to keep the soil moist, and it can be watered every day in summer. The best way is to mix organic fertilizer into the culture soil; In addition, chemical fertilizers can also be added depending on the condition of the plants. 1-year-old herb, 1 3 meters high.

The stems are erect, stout, rounded and angular, covered with white coarse bristles. Leaves usually alternate, heart-shaped, ovate or ovate, apex acutely or acuminate, with 3 veins at the base, coarsely serrated margins, rough on both sides, hairy, with long stalks. Capitate inflorescences, very large, 10-30 cm in diameter, solitary at the top of the stem or at the end of the branch, often downward-sloping.

The bracts are multi-layered, leafy, tile-like, covered with stiff hairs, flowering in summer, with yellow tongue-like flowers on the margins of the inflorescences, not bearing fruit. The middle of the inflorescence is tubular flowers of both sexes, brown or purple, fruitful. Achenes, obovate or ovate-oblong, slightly flattened, lignified in the pericarp, gray or black, commonly known as sunflower seeds.

Introduction to Sunflowers.

Sunflower is a plant of the genus Sunflower in the family Asteraceae. Its plant height, some up to 9 meters, has an erect stem. Also called sunflower, sunflower, sunflower, sunflower, sunflower, sunflower. The main garden varieties of sunflowers are golden bear, laughing, yellow strong, sunspot, music box, etc.

Sunflower growing conditions.

1. TemperatureSunflower is a tropical crop, which is very adaptable to temperature, likes a warm environment, but is also very cold-tolerant. Its seeds are highly resistant to low temperatures. Sunflowers can grow normally as long as the temperature does not fall below 10 during the whole growth process.

In the right temperature range, the higher the temperature, the faster the development. 2.Water sunflowers prefer a moist environment but require different water at different stages of growth.

From sowing to budding, they are drought-tolerant and do not need much water, accounting for only the total water requirement. Proper drying is conducive to root growth and improves drought resistance. 3.

Light sunflowers prefer sunny environments. Seedlings, leaves, and flower discs rotate with the sun and are all very phototropic. If the maintenance environment is not lit in sufficient light, it will have an impact on its growth and yield.

It is best to take care of them in a sunny place. Sunflower is commonly found on hillsides and fields, and is widely distributed in China, such as Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and other places. From 2010 to 2010, sunflowers were sown all year round.

The best time is from January to April in early spring or September to October in autumn, and flowering is 60-70 days after sowing. If sown in May-August or November-December, flowering takes about 70-80 days.

Sunflower planting time.

The yield of edible sunflower per mu is 150-200 catties, and the yield of oil sunflower per mu is 200-250 catties, and the purchase price is 14-16 yuan per catty, which is basically about 1000-2000 yuan per mu.

Traditional sunflower varieties are sown in June, and the sunflower seeds are seeded, and the best sowing is after June 20. Sunflower seeds are sown at the beginning of autumn on August 8, and can be harvested before the beginning of winter. Sunflower can not be stubble or stubble, you can choose to implement about 3 years of rotation with gramineous crops, after the harvest of the previous crop, spray on the soil surface with 250 grams of methyl isosulfonate mixed with water 30 kg, and then carry out autumn ploughing, which can receive better insecticidal and weeding effects.

<> sunflower is a highly fertilized crop, absorbing 6 kg of nitrogen, 26 kg of phosphorus and 86 kg of potassium from the soil for every 100 kg of grain formed. Apply foot fertilizer before sowing, achieve a combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, apply 30 cubic meters of organic fertilizer per hectare, and select land preparation. Sunflowers have a wide range of adaptability to soil, and in general, they can be planted with heavy clay and light sandy soils.

From late March to late April, 30 grains of chemical fertilizer, 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 30 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and kg of phosphine granules were applied per mu.

Sunflowers have strict requirements for the harvest period, and generally only lose during the normal ripening period, and if the harvest is delayed by 5 days, the loss will reach. When the back of the flower disc has turned yellow, the crop rotation is inverted. Continuous cropping of sunflowers will cause excessive consumption of soil nutrients, especially potassium, soil fertility will be difficult to recover, and pests and weeds will also be aggravated by continuous cropping.

The rotation period is generally 3 to 4 years. Beans, cereals, etc. were good harvests for sunflowers.

Apply plantar fertilizer to lay a solid foundation. Sunflower is a crop that needs more fertilizer, according to the survey, every 100 kg of fruit, need to absorb 6 kg of nitrogen, 26 kg of phosphorus, 86 kg of potassium from the soil, apply plantar fertilizer before sowing, and do a combination of organic and inorganic, apply rotten per hectare, if necessary, the sunflower root soil is needed, so as not to fall to the ground in the rainy season. Sunflower grows rapidly and requires a large amount of fertilizer, mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizer at the seedling stage, and phosphate fertilizer is the main basal fertilizer.

Sunflower insect infestation is more serious, and it needs to be killed regularly.

It is estimated that the temperature between April and June is stable, between 18 and 25 degrees, such an environment can germinate better, depending on the region, if the northern planting time is after May, the southern planting time can be advanced around April.

We should plant sunflowers at the beginning of spring, because it is easier to germinate when planting it in spring, and there is more moisture in the ground, Lin Zhiying sunflowers bloom.

Sunflowers are usually sown in March and April and bloom in July and August. Sunflowers can bloom all year round, and the secret is "accumulated temperature", that is, plants can bloom as long as they accumulate a certain temperature during the growth process. It generally takes 6 9 days for a sunflower disc to open from the tongue flower to the tubular flower, and the flowering period is in full bloom from the second day to the fifth day, and the number of flowers in these 4 days accounts for about 75% of the number of flowers.

The flowers mostly open at 4 6 o'clock in the morning, pollinated and fertilized the next morning, and the unfertilized branches can remain for 7 to 10 days without withering.

Sunflowers are propagated by sowing and can be sown throughout the year, but spring and autumn are the best.

1. Sunflower seeds are very large and easy to germinate, you can choose a place with sufficient sunshine and good drainage, dig deep and break the soil, plant the seeds into the soil about two centimeters deep, and to avoid excessive dryness of the soil, you must water frequently, so that the soil maintains a certain degree of humidity, and it will germinate in about five to seven days.

2· The soil quality of cultivation is sandy loam or loam soil rich in organic matter, and the drainage and sunshine must be good, because if the sunshine is insufficient, it is not easy to flower. When the plant grows taller, a pillar should be set up to prevent the flower stem from breaking; After the flower buds are grown, they must be irrigated to keep the soil moist so that the flowers will grow well.

3. Apply foot fertilizer to lay a solid foundation. Sunflower is a crop that needs more fertilizer, according to the survey, every 100 kg of fruit, need to absorb 6 kg of nitrogen, 26 kg of phosphorus, 86 kg of potassium from the soil, apply foot fertilizer before sowing, and do a combination of organic and inorganic, per hectare to apply 30 to 40 cubic meters of organic fertilizer (preferably ash manure), apply 150-200 kg of diammonium phosphate and 100-150 kg of urea. Applying plantar fertilizer is the foundation for the growth and development of sunflowers.

Sunflowers want to have a high seed setting rate, planting time, planting methods and cross-pollination are particularly important?

It is sub-regional, because the temperature of each region is generally different, for example, the three northeastern provinces are about to mid-April, and North China is about March, and the south of the Yangtze River, holding South China, is generally planted in March, and some can be in June-July.

Precautions for sunflower planting:

1. Drought prevention: According to the law of water demand and drought tolerance of sunflowers, it is generally necessary to master the sowing of Dingling sowing or dry sowing and soaking before sowing in the seedling stage. From the stage of budding, the aboveground part of the seedling grows slowly, and the root system grows quickly, so it can be watered without watering and squatting seedlings.

From budding to flowering, the water requirement accounts for 43% of the total lifetime requirement, which is a critical period. In the rainy season, it is necessary to take methods such as high soil cultivation and deep ditching to drain and prevent waterlogging.

2. Disease prevention and insect control: It is necessary to do a good job in the first forecast of pests and diseases, once they occur, immediately prevent and control, and strive to achieve early treatment and small treatment. When the temperature reaches 18 20, 30 45 kg of pentachloronitrobenzene per hectare, 150 230 kg of moistened fine sand, mixed and sprinkled on the ground of sunflowers, inhibiting the germination of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 15 days later, sprinkled again, in early August, during the occurrence period of sunflower borer larvae, 90% trichlorfon 500 times can be sprayed, and 2 3 times of control.

Planted in the spring, I planted in March this year and can be harvested in mid-June.

Sunflowers can be planted every year after they warm up in early spring.

Planting technology: Planting: deep ploughing and raking soil ridge ditching, according to the height of the variety spacing meters to dig a planting pit, the bottom of the pit to apply manure or ash fertilizer, the surface is covered with 3 cm of fine soil and cast two full seeds (seeds must be exposed to the sun and screened), and then covered with 2-3 cm of fine soil.

Fertilization: Affected by the specific temperature and humidity, the seeds can generally produce seedlings in 5-7 days, and when the seedlings grow true leaves, a light manure should be applied; When the flower buds are about to emerge, it is necessary to apply the flowering fertilizer again in time, and the compound fertilizer (when the bottom fertilizer is manure) or nitrogen fertilizer (when the bottom fertilizer is gray fertilizer) can be used for deep application, that is, the fertilization is completed.

Irrigation: If the soil is dry after a long period of drought and no rain, it is necessary to release water into the ditch to moisten the soil after the planting is completed, and the later stage can meet the requirements of "irrigation in case of drought and drainage in case of waterlogging" (because sunflowers are afraid of drought and waterlogging), so as not to cause irreversible yield reduction due to drought and flooding.

Management: Sunflowers grow to the middle stage of the leaves are large and dense, must be weeded in time and remove the old leaves and lateral buds (the side flowers are few and small, which greatly affects the top flowers), so as to facilitate ventilation and sunshine and accumulate nutrients in the main trunk branches. Sunflowers have few pests and diseases.

Post-flowering pollination: Sunflowers can be self-flowering and cross-pollination, in the flowering period to carry out bee pollination or artificial pollination to promote the sunflower flower disc inside and outside the uniform pollination, that is: the adjacent two in the flowering stage (8-10 o'clock is the best) flower disc gently rubbed each other a few times.

Improve quality and yield by reducing deflated seeds...Potted sunflowers:

Sunflowers can also be planted in pots, just use a pot with a diameter of about 30 cm or more, plant in generally more fertile potting soil, and plant in a sunny and leeward place (such as on a balcony, placed in a high place when young, and placed on the ground when you grow up).

Sunflower seeds.

It is collected in August or around September. The sowing time is generally around March to April in the spring or August to September in the autumn, these two times are sunny and the climate is relatively warm, which is a good time to sow edible sunflower seeds. Before sowing sunflower seeds, it is necessary to select a fertile, moist and loose place with good drainage and ventilation to sow seeds, sowing in such a place can effectively improve the survival rate of edible sunflower seeds, and it is also necessary to select seeds of very good quality and full grains, such seeds can effectively improve the germination rate of edible sunflower seeds.

It is also necessary to soak the sunflower seeds in warm water at about 60 degrees for about two hours, and then sow the sunflower seeds after soaking and drying them. When sowing sunflower seeds, the selected soil needs to be leveled and weeds removed from it, and fertilizer and soil are mixed. Then the sunflower seeds are sown in the soil, and the surface of the sunflower seeds is covered with a thin layer of fine sand, and the sunflower seeds are watered.

After sowing sunflower seeds, it is necessary to water for a long time to keep the soil moist so that the sunflower seeds can grow and germinate better and faster.