What is maxillary protrusion and what is the method for determining maxillary protrusion?

Hello, speaking of the situation of maxillary protrusion, maxillary protrusion is divided into mild, medium and severe, for less serious maxillary protrusion, a certain improvement can be achieved through simple orthodontics**. However, for patients with severe maxillary protrusion, it is recommended that the patient undergo orthodontic orthognathic combination** for the sake of function, health, aesthetics, and long-term stability, and this process will take about 2 years. During the first 1 year and a half, orthodontics are mainly performed, and during this time, the teeth are moved to create the conditions for orthognathic surgery.

The duration of orthognathic surgery is about a few hours, and it varies depending on each person's condition, and the hospital stay is about 1 week. Six months after orthognathic surgery, further fine-tuning of the teeth and final removal of the braces are required.

For orthognathic surgery, it is recommended that patients do not worry too much, it is not as scary as imagined, and can obtain better results, including a healthy bite, good appearance, and long-term stability. Therefore, for some patients with severe protrusion of the maxilla, it is still recommended to undergo a combination of orthodontic orthognathia**. If it is only a simple orthodontic**, the effect will be greatly reduced, because the orthodontist can only move the teeth, but cannot change the bones, and the severe bone imbalance requires the coordination of the orthognathic doctor.

One. The lower jaw is in normal position, and the anterior part of the upper jaw is prominent;

Two. The upper lip appears short, the lips are not easy to close, and the lips are open and the teeth are exposed;

Three. The lower anterior teeth are too high, often accompanied by crowding of the anterior teeth, and deep coverage or degree.

Four. In severe cases, the teeth bite on the palate side of the upper anterior teeth, the neck of the tooth, or the soft tissue of the upper palate and cause inflammation.

Five. Linear cephalometry showed that both the angle and the angle of the mandibular process were larger than the normal range, and the angle was normal. If only the arch protrudes forward, the angle is normal, but the angle is larger than normal.

Manifestations: 1Patients with maxillary protrusion appear to have a short upper lip and the upper anterior teeth are obliquely protruding and exposed outside the mouth.

2.Congenital absence of individual teeth results in a short mandibular arch and a narrow maxillary arch.

3.The maxillary arch is narrow, the palatal cover is arched high, and the lower anterior teeth bite on the lingual carina of the crown and neck margin of the upper anterior teeth or on the soft tissue of the upper palate. The lower lip is pressed against the lingual side of the upper anterior teeth.

4.Bad habits, such as thumb sucking, can cause the upper palate and upper front teeth to move forward, while the lower front teeth and lower jaw to move backwards, making the upper jaw more prominent.

5.The posterior tooth relationship is mostly distal and neutral, and a few are neutral.

The maxillary protrusion, deep overbite or opening and closing, the lips are open in a normal resting state, and the incisors are exposed2 3 or more. More exposed gums when smiling.

In order to recede the protruding maxilla to its normal position, the tooth was extracted 2 weeks before the operation, followed by an osteotomy.

1) An incorporating of the same length can be made in the direction of the upper part of the vestibular sulcus above the maxillary vestibular sulcus parallel to the long axis of the tooth, and the incorporating of the same length can be made in the anterior center along the direction of the labial frenulum.

2) Incision of the periosteum, peeling up and on both sides of the periosteum with a stripper, revealing the anterior nasal spine, the lower edge of the piriform foramen and the bottom of the nose to reach the outer edge of the maxilla.

3) Mark the osteotomy line of the jaw with methylene blue, go up along the apical direction to the plane of 5 10 mm at the lower edge of the piriform foramen, and go diagonally inward and upward to the piriform foramen to mark the width of the amputated bone, which is generally 5 8 mm.

4) Cut the anterior wall of the maxilla along the marked osteotomy line with a melon-shaped drill bit, and when it is close to the mucoperiosteal surface of the palate, you can first insert the stripping ions along the medial surface of the osteotomy plane close to the palatal bone, peel off the mucoperiosteum out of a small tunnel, and place the peeling ions in it to protect the palatal mucoperiosteum. After amputating both sides, the nasal septum vomer and the anterior part of the maxilla are chiseled off with a small bone chisel. Note that when chiseling the vomer, the surgeon's right hand should be extended to protect the palate.

5) After the maxilla is completely severed, after adjusting the biting relationship to normal, it is fixed with micro steel plate screws or simple steel wire ligation dental arch plate.

The maxilla is irregular in morphology and can be divided into four protrusions

1) Maxillary body: there is a suborbital foramen and a canine fossa on the front and outside, and the infraorbital foramen is located about below the midpoint of the infraorbital margin, and the infraorbital foramen leads posteriorly, superiorly, and externally into the infraorbital canal; posterior (inferior temporal) with zygomatic alveolar ridges, alveolar foramen, and maxillary tubercles; supraorbital canal above (orbital surface); The medial surface (nasal surface) is involved in the composition of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, with a maxillary sinus hiatus, a anteriorly inferior sulcus, and a vertical part of the pterygopalatine canal of the sphenoid bone and the palatine bone.

2) Frontal process: It connects with the frontal, nasal and lacrimal bones, and participates in the formation of the lacrimal trough.

3) Zygomatic process: It meets the zygomatic bone.

4) Palatal process: It meets the contralateral palatal process in the midline to form a hard palate.

5) The alveolar process (alveolar bone) meets on both sides of the maxillary alveolar process in the midline to form the alveolar bone arch.

As shown below:

Protruding maxillary jaw gives a bad feeling. It's particularly unsightly, especially for girls, and if they look like this, they feel very embarrassed. I stopped going shopping.

Because of this, many people are afraid to speak, and now medically it is possible to correct maxillary protrusion, and the process of maxillary protrusion correction is very simple and safe. It can be completed in a few days, giving you confidence and giving you a satisfactory answer.

1. Maxillary protrusion correction begins to design osteotomy line for your body under general anesthesia, so you don't need to be afraid or hurt.

2. The mucosal incision of vestibular sulcus incision should not be too long, and the second step of maxillary protrusion correction needs to be completed carefully.

3. Correction of maxillary anterior process close to the bone surface to separate the anterosteum of the maxilla.

4. Cut off the bone plate after the cheek alveolar according to the osteotomy line designed before maxillary protrusion correction.

5. After determining the two ends in a suitable position, connect the wound with titanium nails and suture the wound.

Answer]: A maxillary process and mandibular process unite from back to front to form the cheek, and the midpoint of their union is the corner of the mouth. The mandibular process is formed in the midline symphysis as the lower lip, mandibular soft tissue, mandible, and bright oak rechesia mandible.

The maxillary protrusion hall forms most of the maxillary soft tissues, maxilla, maxillary canines, and molars, choose A.

a.Sphenoid, zygomatic, nasal, and palatal processes.

b.zygomatic process, nasal process, maxillary process, palatal process.

c.frontal, zygomatic, coracal, and palatal processes.

d.frontal, zygomatic, alveolar, and palatal processes.

e.Sphenoid, zygomatic, alveolar and coracoid processes.

Correct answer to the case of Sleepy Stupid Li: frontal process, zygomatic process, tooth file type alveolar process, and palatal process.