The history of the Miao people mainly the stage of Jiuli , Sanmiao and Jingman .

The Miao people originated from the "Jiuli" in the Yellow Emperor period and the "Sanmiao" in the Yaoshun period. "Jiuli" is a tribe that lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River more than 5,000 years ago. Later, there was a war with the Yellow Emperor tribe, and after the defeat, it retreated into the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, forming the "Sanmiao" tribe.

Four thousand years ago, the northern Chinese tribes led by Yao, Shun and Yu had a war with the "Three Miao", and the "Three Miao" were defeated. Since then, the "Three Miao" tribe has fallen apart. After the defeat of the "Three Miao", some of them were expelled to the "Three Dangers", that is, the border area of present-day Shaanxi and Gansu, and then left the "Three Dangers" and migrated to the southeast, and gradually entered the southern part of present-day Sichuan, northeast Yunnan, and northwest Guizhou after a long time, forming the Miao people in the western dialect later; The descendants of the "Three Miao" who remained in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Central Plains gradually merged with the Huaxia ethnic group.

The slower part of its development was collectively called "Nanban" during the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and those who lived in the lower reaches of the Han River were called "Jingchu Barbarians". Later, the advanced part of the Jing Chu Manchu developed into the Chu nationality and established the Chu State; The backward part continued to move into the mountainous areas adjacent to the provinces of present-day Guizhou, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hubei and Henan, and became the ancestors of the Miao people in today's eastern and central dialects.

The Miao people are said to be ancient, and they were first seen in oracle bone inscriptions. Before the Tang and Song dynasties, there were titles such as "Sanmiao", "Nanman", "Jingman", and "Wulingman". These names confuse Miao with other ethnic names.

After the Song Dynasty, Miao broke away from a number of mixed names of "barbarian" and used it as a single ethnic name. The self-name of the Miao people is called "Bear Bear" (fruit bear) in Xiangxi area, and in other areas it is called "Mao", "Meng" or "Meng". "Meng" or "Meng", Qiandongnan Miao language means "tree heart", legend has it that the maple tree heart gave birth to "sister Bang Mei Liu" (butterfly mother), "Sister Bang Mei Liu" was born Miao ancestor "Jiang Yang", so the "Meng" or "Meng" as the family name.

The local area is called "Gahao", which means Wu, and may be the remains of the ancient Wu clan totem. Historically, according to the different aspects of their clothing and residence, they have been crowned with different names in front of the word "Miao". After 1949, they were collectively referred to as the Miao people.

As for the origin of the Miao people, they are related to the clans or tribes that lived in the Yellow River basin to the Yangtze River basin and the areas south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River more than 4,000 years ago. Some people believe that the Chi in the era of ancient history and legends is the ancestor of the Miao people today, and it is related to the Miao people. Some people believe that the ancient Sanmiao and Miao people have a relationship with the Miao people.

Some people believe that today's "Miao" can be traced back to the ancient "Miao" people. In addition, there are also the Doudou Theory, the Yelang Theory, the Bajun Nanjun Saying, the Pangman Saying, the Wuling Barbarian Saying, etc. In recent years, some people have proposed that Chiyou in the legendary era, Sanmiao in the Tang Yuxia era, Ji in the Yin and Zhou eras, Jingman in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and Qianzhongman or Wulingman in the Qin and Han dynasties all include the Miao ancestors, which are different names for the Miao ancestors in different eras in history.

In short, according to historical records and legends, the ancestors of the Miao people, Yin Zhou, lived in the Qingjiang River basin of present-day Hubei and the area of Dongting Lake in Hunan. Around the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were Miao ancestors in Bashu, Yelang and Jingzhou. During the Qin and Han dynasties, most of the Miao ancestors settled in Wuling County, Qike County, Yueshan County, Ba County, Nanjun and other areas, and a small part continued to migrate to the Liujiang River Valley, the capital of southeastern Guizhou.

Since then, they have been migrating due to war, famine, epidemics, fertility and abandonment of farmland. Totem worship aspect. In the eastern region, many Miao and Yao worship Pang, a sacred dog.

They have been telling the story of the "god mother dog father" for generations, and regard Pan Gu as their ancestor. Some Miao people in the central region believe that their ancestor Jiang Yang originated from the heart of the maple tree, so they regard the maple tree as a totem. In other areas, the Miao people use buffalo and bamboo as their totemic worship objects.