The use of rhetorical devices in Macbeth, and the psychoanalysis of characters in Shakespeare s Macb

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General Macbeth, the cousin of King Dungen of Scotland, returned from his meritorious service to the king to quell the rebellion and resist the invasion, and met three witches on the way. The witch told him some prophecies and hints that he would be crowned king, but that he would have no heirs to inherit the throne, but that he would be the descendant of his colleague General Pankao. Macbeth is an ambitious hero, and at the instigation of his wife, he became king.

In order to hide people's eyes and ears and prevent others from seizing the throne, he killed Deng Geng's guards step by step, killed Ban Kao, and killed the wife and children of the nobleman Mark Dafu. Fear and suspicion make Macbeth more and more ghostly and cold.

In the face of the rebellion, Macbeth faced the siege of Deng Geng's son and the English reinforcements he had invited, and ended up in a different position.

Introduction:

Macbeth, the cousin of King Duncan of Scotland, returned from fighting the king's rebellion and encountered three witches on the way. The witch said a number of prophecies and cryptic words to him: the first witch called Macbeth Sir Greymys, the second Macbeth Sir Court, and the third the King of Scotland; It is said that although Macbeth's colleague Banquo cannot be a ruler, his descendants will become kings.

The witch prophesied and vanished. Macbeth is an ambitious hero, and at the instigation of his wife, he **Duncan, became king. In order to hide his eyes and prevent others from seizing the throne, he killed Duncan's bodyguards, Banquo, and the wife and children of the nobleman Macduff.

Fear and suspicion make Macbeth more and more ghostly and cold. Lady Macbeth eventually went insane and died, and Macbeth was not saddened in the shredded. In the face of the rebellion, Macbeth was beheaded in the face of a siege by Duncan's son and the English reinforcements he had invited.

Macbeth has the dual aesthetic qualities of tragedy of fate and tragedy of character, which is consistent with the spirit of the times at that time. The Renaissance advocated "humanism", raised the status of man to a very high status, and a group of genius giants emerged. Most of the characters in Shakespeare's plays are humanistic.

Macbeth's fighting spirit and his strength in the play embody the power of man.

The fate of the characters can find a reasonable explanation from themselves, which is an aesthetic feature of "Macbeth" as a character tragedy. But the play's precise portrayal of Macbeth and his wife's inner turmoil is the most wonderful part of it.

In order to portray Macbeth's character, Shakespeare spared no pen and ink, using a lot of narration and dreams to highlight the inner storms of Macbeth and his wife. Therefore, although the play has a conflict between the moral side represented by Malcolm and the moral side represented by Macbeth, the main conflict is Macbeth's own inner conflict.

The strength and momentum of one side of the external conflict are too weak to match Macbeth's momentum, so that the conflict between the two sides does not have a moving shocking power; Only the conflict between good and evil, power and reason in Macbeth's heart has moving power. Macbeth always had a clear rationality about his desires.

About the author: William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a great dramatist and poet of the English Renaissance.

Born on 23 April 1564 into a wealthy burgher family in Stratford, Shakespeare studied Latin, literature and rhetoric at the grammar school of his hometown. Later, he helped his father in business, and around 1578 he went to London to earn a living, and is said to have worked as a horseman or servant, which was considered "the lowest occupation" at the time.

1. Stylistic features:

Shakespeare was a master of the English language, and he used it with such ease. Shakespeare's plays feature hundreds of characters, from kings, queens, and princes, to thieves, clowns, and gravediggers. The language of each character has its own characteristics, basically all the words are suitable for the identity of the character, and each person speaks differently on different occasions.

Shakespeare sometimes uses elegant and formal language, because the speaker comes from the upper echelons of society and is in a formal setting, and sometimes there are banter and even slang from the lower strata of society, sometimes even at the expense of breaking taboos, in order to suit the entertainment tastes of ordinary audiences. So it's easy to understand why Hamlet's language is so different from the gravedigger's language.

2. Rhetorical devices:

1) Puns: According to a rough estimate, about 3,000 puns are used in Shakespeare's sonnets and plays. Shakespeare had a penchant for puns and used them in almost every play.

A pun is a kind of wisdom that skillfully uses words according to their same sound or similar sounds. Shakespeare often created humorous comedy effects based on the different meanings of words.

2) Contradictory rhetoric: It is a kind of seemingly contradictory words put together to produce an allegorical effect. Shakespeare often placed contradictory words together to express the very complex mood of the characters.

3) Sarcasm: Irony means that the literal meaning is the opposite of the meaning it is intended to express, and is intended to mock irony or humor. Generally, it can be divided into three types: word irony, dramatic irony and situational irony.

4) Borrowing: Borrowing: Borrowing, is a rhetorical device that uses the name of a thing to refer to something else. Shakespeare often used such figures of speech to add to the figurativeness and simplicity of his language.

3. Vocabulary: English in the 16th century was in the midst of great changes. It quotes some fresh and vibrant words from many languages. The grammar of the English language is also affected to some extent by these external Chinese, such as fewer inflection changes at the end of the word; English is moving in an analytical direction.

In this developmental process, Shakespeare played his part in greatly enriching the English vocabulary by borrowing, synthesizing, transforming, and fabricating.

Shakespeare's dramatic language is colorful and lively. The language in the script is also rhymed and scattered, and it is gorgeous and colorful.

Engels highly praised "the perfect fusion of vividness and richness of the plot of Shakespeare's magnum opus." ”

Many of Shakespeare's plays often contain several parallel or intersecting threads, which are intricately intertwined, forming a variety of scenes and vivid and rich plots, thus portraying the characters and expressing profound ideological content.

Most of his plays are based on existing materials such as historical records, **, folklore and old plays, reflecting the historical reality of the transition from feudal society to capitalist society, and propagating the humanitarian ideas and humanistic views of the emerging bourgeoisie. On the one hand, he extensively borrowed from ancient dramas, English medieval dramas and emerging European culture and arts, and on the other hand, he deeply observed life, understood society, and grasped the pulse of the times, so that Shakespeare was able to create many lifelike characters, depict a broad and colorful picture of social life, and make him famous for his characteristics of blending joy and sorrow, poetry and imagination, unity in contradictions and changes, and rich in life philosophy and critical spirit.

He is good at starting from the reality of life, showing the broad social background, and providing a typical environment with the characteristics of the times for the characters and events in his works; The plot of the work should be vivid and rich, and the characters should have distinct personalities and typical significance; The portrayal of realism and the atmosphere of romanticism in the work should be skillfully combined; The language should be rich and expressive.

The inner monologue directly reveals the inner life of the characters, and can also be used to explain some plots and promote the development of the plot.

The language of Shakespeare's plays is rich and colorful, with a total vocabulary of more than 20,000.