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Anonymous users2024-02-10The main components of an aircraft, the organism, landing gear, power plant, flight control system, on-board equipment, and other systems. Combat aircraft also have airborne ** systems. The airframe includes wings, fuselage, and tail.
The function of the wing is to generate lift when moving in the atmosphere, and it is also equipped with ailerons and spoilers; Aircraft without a tail are equipped with longitudinal control devices (lifting ailerons) on the wings, in addition, there are lifting devices on the wings. The fuselage is used to house personnel, load equipment, cargo, **, power plant and fuel, etc. The wings and tail are fixed to the fuselage, and the landing gear struts of some aircraft are also fixed to the fuselage.
The tail is divided into a horizontal tail and a vertical tail. The horizontal tail is generally composed of a horizontal stabilizer and an elevator, and the vertical tail is composed of a vertical stabilizer and a rudder. Some aircraft make the horizontal tail into a whole, which can be manipulated and deflection, which is called a full-motion flat tail.
Some aircraft do not have a horizontal tail and are equipped with horizontal winglets in front of the wing, known as front wings or canards. The horizontal tail ensures the pitch stability, maneuverability and balance of the aircraft. The vertical tail ensures the directional stability and maneuverability of the aircraft, and together with the wings, ailerons or spoilers or differential flat tails, the lateral stability and maneuverability of the aircraft are guaranteed.
Landing gear] is used to support the aircraft during take-off, landing, parking on the ground (water) and taxiing. It includes landing gear, wing lifters, take-off acceleration devices, landing deceleration devices, and some aircraft also have arresting hooks. The landing gear can generally be retracted when the aircraft is flying, and the landing gear of some older aircraft and low-speed aircraft cannot be retracted.
There are wheeled, pontoon, hull, skid and other types of landing gear. 【Power Plant】 A general term for aero engines and various devices and systems that ensure the operation of engines. These include propulsion systems, starting systems, control systems, fuel systems, lubricating oil systems, as well as engine fixtures, thrust direction control systems, and fire extinguishing equipment.
The most commonly used engines for modern aircraft are gas turbine engines, including turbojets, turbofan engines, turboprop engines, and propeller fan engines. Piston engines are used only in light aircraft, and rocket engines are used on test aircraft and accelerators. 【Flight Control System】 It is used to transmit control instructions, drive rudder surfaces and other mechanisms to control flight attitude, and is divided into main control system and auxiliary control system.
The former is used to control the flight trajectory, including the steering stick (disc), pedals, rudder, transmission device connecting the elevator (or full-motion flat tail) and ailerons, and other specialized devices. The latter includes adjustment tabs, flaps, airbrakes, adjustable stabilizers, and control mechanisms for wing variable sweep angles. According to the different control instructions, the aircraft flight control system can be divided into the aircraft artificial flight control system and the aircraft automatic flight control system.
Airborne equipment] includes driving navigation instruments, engine instruments, radio communication equipment, radar, electrical equipment, environmental control and life support equipment. Military aircraft are also equipped with special equipment such as electronic countermeasures. The system of combat aircraft includes ammunition, fire control system, loading and launching devices, etc.
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Anonymous users2024-02-09Simply from a fluid mechanics point of view! The pressure on the lower surface of the wing of the aircraft is greater than the pressure on the upper surface, which makes it possible for the plane to go upward, and with the forward vector, it flies!
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Anonymous users2024-02-08To put it simply, the flight of paper airplanes is formed by the interaction of two forces, gravity and lift. The weight of the paper airplane itself pulls the fuselage downward, and the wings grab the air, causing the paper airplane to float in the air. The two forces of one up and down, plus the power of the thrower to help the paper airplane glide forward - produce inertial motion and slide out of the trend, the balance of the three forces can fly a beautiful attitude.
How do real airplanes fly?
Gravity refers to gravity, thrust refers to the thrust of the airflow generated by the turbine of the aircraft, and drag refers to the force of air affecting the flight of the aircraft. Therefore, when the thrust and lift generated by the turbines of the aircraft are greater than the gravitational force and drag of the earth, the aircraft will naturally soar in the sky!
Flight encyclopedia, please see the reference**:
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